Soil erosion
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
2 likes•80 views
Soil erosion is defined as the detachment, transportation, and deposition of soil particles by forces like water, wind, waves, and gravity. There are three main steps: 1) detachment of soil particles from the main body, 2) transportation by splashing, floating, or rolling, and 3) deposition in another place. Geological erosion refers to natural erosion caused by water, wind, gravity, and glaciers, while accelerated erosion exceeds the normal rate and becomes destructive due to factors like climate, topography, soil characteristics, ground cover, and land use. The Universal Soil Loss Equation is used to estimate soil and water erosion and considers rainfall, soil erodibility, slope length, slope gradient, crop management,
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Soil erosion
in this we will discus about that how soil erosion occurs..?
what are the causes that cause the soil erosion..??
what are the agents of soil erosion..?
what are the prevention that helps to prevent the soil erosion ..?
what are the principles to conserve the soil erosion....
hope this will help you guys alot...
SOIL EROSION
Soil erosion is the displacement of topsoil from its original location. It occurs naturally but can be exacerbated by certain human activities like deforestation, farming practices, lack of vegetation, and wind. The erosion process involves three steps: detachment of topsoil, movement of topsoil to another area, and deposition of topsoil in the new area. Major causes of soil erosion include rain and rainwater runoff, farming, slope of the land, lack of vegetation, and wind. Effects of soil erosion are loss of fertile topsoil, soil compaction, reduced organic and fertile matter, and issues with plant reproduction. Solutions to soil erosion include careful tilling, crop rotation, strip farming, shelter belts, contour pl
Erosion
Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow and transported to other locations. There are different types of erosion including wind, water, gravitational, and coastal erosion. Excessive erosion causes problems such as desertification, decreases in agricultural productivity, sedimentation of waterways, and ecological collapse.
Soil erosion
This document discusses soil erosion, defining it as the loss of soil through various natural and human-accelerated factors. It identifies water and wind as the main agents of erosion, describing a three phase process of detachment, transportation, and deposition. Soil erosion is classified into geological erosion from natural forces and accelerated/abnormal erosion influenced by human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, and faulty agricultural practices. The problems caused by erosion include damage to coastlines, health hazards, costs of water purification, and siltation of irrigation systems.
Soil erosion conservation
A presentation on soil erosion conservation consisting of causes of erosion, need for soil conservation along with various prevention techniques for soil conservation.
Soil Erosion and Conservation
Soil Erosion
Soil Conservation
Geological erosion
Deforestation
Accelerated erosion
Over grazing
Splash erosion
Sheet erosion
Rill erosion
Gully erosion
Coastal erosion
Effects of soil erosion
Agronomic practices
Dry farming
Agrostological methods
Strip farming
Contour farming
Terrace cropping
Pan breaking
mulching
Soil erosion (IGKV RAIPUR, C.G)
This document discusses soil erosion, including its definition, causes, types, and extent. It defines soil erosion as the wearing away of land by forces like water, wind, or human activity. The main types of erosion are water erosion and wind erosion. Water erosion includes splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, and stream-bank erosion. Wind erosion occurs through surface creep, saltation, and suspension. The document also notes that approximately 45% of India's land is affected by serious soil erosion.
Soil erosion
History, causes and effects of soil erosion.How can we minimize the soil erosion. PPT for bachelor level.
Recommended
Soil erosion
in this we will discus about that how soil erosion occurs..?
what are the causes that cause the soil erosion..??
what are the agents of soil erosion..?
what are the prevention that helps to prevent the soil erosion ..?
what are the principles to conserve the soil erosion....
hope this will help you guys alot...
SOIL EROSION
Soil erosion is the displacement of topsoil from its original location. It occurs naturally but can be exacerbated by certain human activities like deforestation, farming practices, lack of vegetation, and wind. The erosion process involves three steps: detachment of topsoil, movement of topsoil to another area, and deposition of topsoil in the new area. Major causes of soil erosion include rain and rainwater runoff, farming, slope of the land, lack of vegetation, and wind. Effects of soil erosion are loss of fertile topsoil, soil compaction, reduced organic and fertile matter, and issues with plant reproduction. Solutions to soil erosion include careful tilling, crop rotation, strip farming, shelter belts, contour pl
Erosion
Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth's surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow and transported to other locations. There are different types of erosion including wind, water, gravitational, and coastal erosion. Excessive erosion causes problems such as desertification, decreases in agricultural productivity, sedimentation of waterways, and ecological collapse.
Soil erosion
This document discusses soil erosion, defining it as the loss of soil through various natural and human-accelerated factors. It identifies water and wind as the main agents of erosion, describing a three phase process of detachment, transportation, and deposition. Soil erosion is classified into geological erosion from natural forces and accelerated/abnormal erosion influenced by human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, and faulty agricultural practices. The problems caused by erosion include damage to coastlines, health hazards, costs of water purification, and siltation of irrigation systems.
Soil erosion conservation
A presentation on soil erosion conservation consisting of causes of erosion, need for soil conservation along with various prevention techniques for soil conservation.
Soil Erosion and Conservation
Soil Erosion
Soil Conservation
Geological erosion
Deforestation
Accelerated erosion
Over grazing
Splash erosion
Sheet erosion
Rill erosion
Gully erosion
Coastal erosion
Effects of soil erosion
Agronomic practices
Dry farming
Agrostological methods
Strip farming
Contour farming
Terrace cropping
Pan breaking
mulching
Soil erosion (IGKV RAIPUR, C.G)
This document discusses soil erosion, including its definition, causes, types, and extent. It defines soil erosion as the wearing away of land by forces like water, wind, or human activity. The main types of erosion are water erosion and wind erosion. Water erosion includes splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, and stream-bank erosion. Wind erosion occurs through surface creep, saltation, and suspension. The document also notes that approximately 45% of India's land is affected by serious soil erosion.
Soil erosion
History, causes and effects of soil erosion.How can we minimize the soil erosion. PPT for bachelor level.
Water erosion
This document discusses water erosion, which is the removal of soil by water. It defines erosion as the detachment, transportation, and deposition of soil. The main causes of erosion are misuse of land, deforestation, and poor soil management. The agents of erosion are wind, water, temperature, and biological factors. Water erosion specifically refers to the removal of soil particles by rain or flowing water. The forms of water erosion are rain splash, sheet, rill, gully, and stream erosion. Climate, soil properties, and topography affect the rate of water erosion.
Erosion
What is Erosion?
Human Causes of Erosion
Natural Causes of Erosion
What are the Causes of Soil Erosion?
What are the Effects of Soil Erosion?
Soil Erosion Prevention Methods
Soil erosion introduction
The document discusses soil erosion, which is defined as the detachment, transportation and deposition of soil particles by forces like water and wind. It notes that the top 30 cm of soil is important for wildlife and humans. Soil erosion is caused by the removal of natural protective cover through deforestation and overgrazing, as well as improper land use like leaving land barren or using crops that accelerate erosion. Effects of soil erosion include reduced soil fertility, silted reservoirs, and damage to infrastructure. The document then discusses factors that affect erosion like rainfall, slope and plant cover, and types of erosion such as geologic and accelerated erosion.
Erosion.
Erosion is the natural process by which rocks and soil are loosened and transported from one location to another by forces like water, wind, ice, and gravity. It can be accelerated by human activities like farming, mining, deforestation, and overgrazing. The main causes of erosion are water, wind, and ice. Water erosion occurs through processes like hydraulic action, solution, and abrasion in streams and rivers. Wind erosion transports soil particles through saltation, suspension, and creep. Glacial erosion uses processes like plucking and abrasion to erode and transport material. Control measures for erosion include mulching, crop rotation, terracing, barriers, and ridging to protect soil.
Soil Erosion
Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms and can occur slowly over time or rapidly, causing serious topsoil loss. There are four main types of erosion: sheet erosion, gully erosion, channel erosion, and rill erosion. Soil erosion is caused by both natural processes like wind and water flowing downhill, as well as human activities such as overcropping, deforestation, and overgrazing. Problems from soil erosion include loss of topsoil, damage to fields, decreased plant productivity, and desertification. Remedies include avoiding overgrazing, conserving wetlands, terracing, and encouraging water infiltration.
Soil erosion
This document discusses soil erosion including its causes, types, and agents. It defines soil erosion as the detachment, transportation, and deposition of soil particles by forces like wind and water. The two main types of erosion are geologic erosion, which is the natural, balanced process of soil formation and loss, and accelerated erosion, which exceeds the natural rate due to human and natural causes. Water and wind are the primary agents of soil erosion. Factors like vegetation removal, improper land use, and slope steepness can increase soil erosion and negatively impact crop production, waterways, and infrastructure.
Soil erosion ENVIROMENT
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil by various factors like water and wind. It is a natural process that has been accelerated 10-40 times by human activities like intensive agriculture, deforestation, roads, and climate change. This excessive erosion causes on-site issues like decreased productivity and off-site issues like sedimentation of waterways. The rate of erosion is affected by climate, soil properties, vegetation cover, and topography - with factors like heavy rainfall, lack of vegetation, and steep slopes increasing rates. Preventing erosion requires increasing vegetative cover through practices like terracing and windbreaks.
Watershed - Principles of Erosion
PRINCIPLES OF EROSION: Types of erosion, factors affecting erosion, effects of erosion on land fertility and land capability, estimation of soil loss due to erosion, Universal soil loss equation.
Water erosion
This document discusses different forms of water erosion including splash/raindrop erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion. It provides details on each process and how they relate to each other in stages from small rills developing into larger gullies over time due to water flow. Additionally, it covers specialized forms of erosion like pedestal erosion and piping erosion as well as classification systems for gullies based on shape, activity level, and size.
Powerpoint presentation of jelmarie
Soil erosion occurs naturally through processes like water and wind but is exacerbated by human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, overcropping, agricultural disturbance, logging, farming, cattle ranching, surface mining, strip mining, and urbanization. The effects of soil erosion include the deterioration of agricultural lands, increased flooding, reduced water supply, destruction of infrastructure, and the depletion of wildlife and natural resources. While advances in soil management have helped maintain crop yields, soil erosion remains a significant problem that often only becomes apparent when property is damaged and productive soil is lost.
Soil erosion
soil erosion is the one of the severe problem now a days. we should know about types of soil erosion , its effect on environment and how it to be prevented by various method..in these slides gives brief idea about types and erosion of soil erosion.
Erosion Theory Module Rev1 Compressed
The document provides an overview of erosion theory, processes, prediction, and control. It defines different types of erosion including raindrop, sheet, rill, gully, channel, and wind erosion. Factors that influence erosion rates are described. Methods for predicting erosion potential include the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and revised USLE (RUSLE), which consider rainfall/runoff, soil characteristics, topography, ground cover and management practices. The importance of controlling accelerated erosion from construction sites is emphasized.
Soil erosion
Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms and can occur slowly over time or rapidly, causing serious topsoil loss. There are four main types of erosion: sheet erosion, gully erosion, channel erosion, and rill erosion. Soil erosion is caused by both natural processes like wind and water flowing downhill, as well as human activities such as overcropping, deforestation, and overgrazing. Problems from soil erosion include loss of topsoil, damage to fields, decreased plant productivity, and desertification. Remedies include avoiding overgrazing, conserving wetlands, terracing, and encouraging water infiltration.
CBSE: GRADE 5 SOIL EROSION & SOIL CONSERVATION
Explains in detail about the reason for soil erosion and the methods involved in conserving the soil.
Main causes of soil erosion in pakistan By Mr Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses the main causes of soil erosion in Pakistan. It identifies several human activities that have accelerated the natural erosion process through disturbing the ecological equilibrium, including: 1) destruction of natural vegetation cover for various uses and overgrazing, 2) loosening of stabilized soils by bulldozing to expand cultivation, 3) shallow tillage of sloping soils reducing water infiltration, 4) cultivation of steep slopes without erosion controls, 5) inadequate terracing and water controls, 6) leaving sloping lands without crop cover during rains, and 7) various other practices that decrease soil organic content and stability.
Effects of soil erosion
This document discusses processes that shape Earth's surface, focusing on weathering and soil erosion. It notes that soil erosion can be increased by human activities like illegal logging, overgrazing, and quarrying. The effects of soil erosion include negative impacts on landforms, plants, animals, and humans. Landforms may be degraded and plants unable to grow without sufficient nutrients and water retention in topsoil. Animals and humans face issues like reduced food sources and supply of potable water, which can impact health.
Soils erosion
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil from the land, primarily due to human mismanagement. There are three main types of erosion: sheet erosion caused by moving water, gully erosion from water in steep areas, and wind erosion in dry bare areas. Some key causes are overgrazing, cultivation on steep slopes, overcropping, and deforestation. To conserve soils, proper land management techniques can be used, including terracing, strip cropping, crop rotation, contour ploughing, reforestation, and windbreaks. These practices help reduce runoff and protect soil from heavy rainfall and winds.
Soil Erosion
This document discusses soil erosion, its causes, impacts, and methods for measuring and addressing it. It provides context on the development of the Universal Soil Loss Equation to quantitatively predict erosion. While useful, the USLE does not capture extreme weather events that cause most erosion. Direct measurements are most accurate but also most resource-intensive. The document outlines various on-site and off-site impacts of erosion and early efforts to address the problem through the Soil Conservation Service and projects like Coon Creek Watershed.
SOIL PROFILE SOIL EROSION SOIL CONSERVATION CONTROL ON FLOODS
The document discusses soil profiles, soil erosion, soil conservation, and flood control. It defines a soil profile as the sequence of soil horizons from the surface down. It describes the main horizons and their characteristics. It then discusses the types and agents of soil erosion caused by water and wind. The effects of soil erosion include loss of fertile topsoil and increased flooding. Methods of soil conservation include agronomic practices, mechanical methods, and reforestation. Flood control methods center around dams, river defenses, and coastal structures to prevent flooding and erosion.
S O I L E R O S I O N
The document discusses the causes and prevention of soil erosion. It identifies the main causes of soil erosion as wind, waves, water, and gravity. Wind erosion is more likely in dry, unprotected areas and can cause deflation. Waves pound coastal rocks and grind sediments. Fast moving water can carry larger particles that break down smaller particles. Gravity causes downslope movement and mass wasting of soils and sediments. The document recommends prevention methods like reforestation, contour plowing, terracing, strip cropping, and planting vegetation to absorb water and hold soils in place.
Soil erosion
as a result of erosion over the past 40 years,30% of the worlds arable land has become unproductive.if we want food ,prevent soil erosion dude.
Land Resources.pptx
This document discusses land as an important natural resource and various causes of land degradation. It notes that humanity's development has damaged land resources through issues like soil erosion, deforestation, overgrazing, and excessive population growth. Specific causes of soil erosion discussed include water erosion processes like sheet, rill, and gully erosion, as well as wind erosion processes like saltation, suspension, and surface creep. Other issues covered include landslides, desertification, and water logging and salinity issues caused by excessive irrigation. The document emphasizes the importance of sustainable land management given India's large population and need for food security.
More Related Content
What's hot
Water erosion
This document discusses water erosion, which is the removal of soil by water. It defines erosion as the detachment, transportation, and deposition of soil. The main causes of erosion are misuse of land, deforestation, and poor soil management. The agents of erosion are wind, water, temperature, and biological factors. Water erosion specifically refers to the removal of soil particles by rain or flowing water. The forms of water erosion are rain splash, sheet, rill, gully, and stream erosion. Climate, soil properties, and topography affect the rate of water erosion.
Erosion
What is Erosion?
Human Causes of Erosion
Natural Causes of Erosion
What are the Causes of Soil Erosion?
What are the Effects of Soil Erosion?
Soil Erosion Prevention Methods
Soil erosion introduction
The document discusses soil erosion, which is defined as the detachment, transportation and deposition of soil particles by forces like water and wind. It notes that the top 30 cm of soil is important for wildlife and humans. Soil erosion is caused by the removal of natural protective cover through deforestation and overgrazing, as well as improper land use like leaving land barren or using crops that accelerate erosion. Effects of soil erosion include reduced soil fertility, silted reservoirs, and damage to infrastructure. The document then discusses factors that affect erosion like rainfall, slope and plant cover, and types of erosion such as geologic and accelerated erosion.
Erosion.
Erosion is the natural process by which rocks and soil are loosened and transported from one location to another by forces like water, wind, ice, and gravity. It can be accelerated by human activities like farming, mining, deforestation, and overgrazing. The main causes of erosion are water, wind, and ice. Water erosion occurs through processes like hydraulic action, solution, and abrasion in streams and rivers. Wind erosion transports soil particles through saltation, suspension, and creep. Glacial erosion uses processes like plucking and abrasion to erode and transport material. Control measures for erosion include mulching, crop rotation, terracing, barriers, and ridging to protect soil.
Soil Erosion
Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms and can occur slowly over time or rapidly, causing serious topsoil loss. There are four main types of erosion: sheet erosion, gully erosion, channel erosion, and rill erosion. Soil erosion is caused by both natural processes like wind and water flowing downhill, as well as human activities such as overcropping, deforestation, and overgrazing. Problems from soil erosion include loss of topsoil, damage to fields, decreased plant productivity, and desertification. Remedies include avoiding overgrazing, conserving wetlands, terracing, and encouraging water infiltration.
Soil erosion
This document discusses soil erosion including its causes, types, and agents. It defines soil erosion as the detachment, transportation, and deposition of soil particles by forces like wind and water. The two main types of erosion are geologic erosion, which is the natural, balanced process of soil formation and loss, and accelerated erosion, which exceeds the natural rate due to human and natural causes. Water and wind are the primary agents of soil erosion. Factors like vegetation removal, improper land use, and slope steepness can increase soil erosion and negatively impact crop production, waterways, and infrastructure.
Soil erosion ENVIROMENT
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil by various factors like water and wind. It is a natural process that has been accelerated 10-40 times by human activities like intensive agriculture, deforestation, roads, and climate change. This excessive erosion causes on-site issues like decreased productivity and off-site issues like sedimentation of waterways. The rate of erosion is affected by climate, soil properties, vegetation cover, and topography - with factors like heavy rainfall, lack of vegetation, and steep slopes increasing rates. Preventing erosion requires increasing vegetative cover through practices like terracing and windbreaks.
Watershed - Principles of Erosion
PRINCIPLES OF EROSION: Types of erosion, factors affecting erosion, effects of erosion on land fertility and land capability, estimation of soil loss due to erosion, Universal soil loss equation.
Water erosion
This document discusses different forms of water erosion including splash/raindrop erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion. It provides details on each process and how they relate to each other in stages from small rills developing into larger gullies over time due to water flow. Additionally, it covers specialized forms of erosion like pedestal erosion and piping erosion as well as classification systems for gullies based on shape, activity level, and size.
Powerpoint presentation of jelmarie
Soil erosion occurs naturally through processes like water and wind but is exacerbated by human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, overcropping, agricultural disturbance, logging, farming, cattle ranching, surface mining, strip mining, and urbanization. The effects of soil erosion include the deterioration of agricultural lands, increased flooding, reduced water supply, destruction of infrastructure, and the depletion of wildlife and natural resources. While advances in soil management have helped maintain crop yields, soil erosion remains a significant problem that often only becomes apparent when property is damaged and productive soil is lost.
Soil erosion
soil erosion is the one of the severe problem now a days. we should know about types of soil erosion , its effect on environment and how it to be prevented by various method..in these slides gives brief idea about types and erosion of soil erosion.
Erosion Theory Module Rev1 Compressed
The document provides an overview of erosion theory, processes, prediction, and control. It defines different types of erosion including raindrop, sheet, rill, gully, channel, and wind erosion. Factors that influence erosion rates are described. Methods for predicting erosion potential include the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and revised USLE (RUSLE), which consider rainfall/runoff, soil characteristics, topography, ground cover and management practices. The importance of controlling accelerated erosion from construction sites is emphasized.
Soil erosion
Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms and can occur slowly over time or rapidly, causing serious topsoil loss. There are four main types of erosion: sheet erosion, gully erosion, channel erosion, and rill erosion. Soil erosion is caused by both natural processes like wind and water flowing downhill, as well as human activities such as overcropping, deforestation, and overgrazing. Problems from soil erosion include loss of topsoil, damage to fields, decreased plant productivity, and desertification. Remedies include avoiding overgrazing, conserving wetlands, terracing, and encouraging water infiltration.
CBSE: GRADE 5 SOIL EROSION & SOIL CONSERVATION
Explains in detail about the reason for soil erosion and the methods involved in conserving the soil.
Main causes of soil erosion in pakistan By Mr Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses the main causes of soil erosion in Pakistan. It identifies several human activities that have accelerated the natural erosion process through disturbing the ecological equilibrium, including: 1) destruction of natural vegetation cover for various uses and overgrazing, 2) loosening of stabilized soils by bulldozing to expand cultivation, 3) shallow tillage of sloping soils reducing water infiltration, 4) cultivation of steep slopes without erosion controls, 5) inadequate terracing and water controls, 6) leaving sloping lands without crop cover during rains, and 7) various other practices that decrease soil organic content and stability.
Effects of soil erosion
This document discusses processes that shape Earth's surface, focusing on weathering and soil erosion. It notes that soil erosion can be increased by human activities like illegal logging, overgrazing, and quarrying. The effects of soil erosion include negative impacts on landforms, plants, animals, and humans. Landforms may be degraded and plants unable to grow without sufficient nutrients and water retention in topsoil. Animals and humans face issues like reduced food sources and supply of potable water, which can impact health.
Soils erosion
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil from the land, primarily due to human mismanagement. There are three main types of erosion: sheet erosion caused by moving water, gully erosion from water in steep areas, and wind erosion in dry bare areas. Some key causes are overgrazing, cultivation on steep slopes, overcropping, and deforestation. To conserve soils, proper land management techniques can be used, including terracing, strip cropping, crop rotation, contour ploughing, reforestation, and windbreaks. These practices help reduce runoff and protect soil from heavy rainfall and winds.
Soil Erosion
This document discusses soil erosion, its causes, impacts, and methods for measuring and addressing it. It provides context on the development of the Universal Soil Loss Equation to quantitatively predict erosion. While useful, the USLE does not capture extreme weather events that cause most erosion. Direct measurements are most accurate but also most resource-intensive. The document outlines various on-site and off-site impacts of erosion and early efforts to address the problem through the Soil Conservation Service and projects like Coon Creek Watershed.
SOIL PROFILE SOIL EROSION SOIL CONSERVATION CONTROL ON FLOODS
The document discusses soil profiles, soil erosion, soil conservation, and flood control. It defines a soil profile as the sequence of soil horizons from the surface down. It describes the main horizons and their characteristics. It then discusses the types and agents of soil erosion caused by water and wind. The effects of soil erosion include loss of fertile topsoil and increased flooding. Methods of soil conservation include agronomic practices, mechanical methods, and reforestation. Flood control methods center around dams, river defenses, and coastal structures to prevent flooding and erosion.
S O I L E R O S I O N
The document discusses the causes and prevention of soil erosion. It identifies the main causes of soil erosion as wind, waves, water, and gravity. Wind erosion is more likely in dry, unprotected areas and can cause deflation. Waves pound coastal rocks and grind sediments. Fast moving water can carry larger particles that break down smaller particles. Gravity causes downslope movement and mass wasting of soils and sediments. The document recommends prevention methods like reforestation, contour plowing, terracing, strip cropping, and planting vegetation to absorb water and hold soils in place.
What's hot (20)
Main causes of soil erosion in pakistan By Mr Allah Dad Khan
Main causes of soil erosion in pakistan By Mr Allah Dad Khan
SOIL PROFILE SOIL EROSION SOIL CONSERVATION CONTROL ON FLOODS
SOIL PROFILE SOIL EROSION SOIL CONSERVATION CONTROL ON FLOODS
Similar to Soil erosion
Soil erosion
as a result of erosion over the past 40 years,30% of the worlds arable land has become unproductive.if we want food ,prevent soil erosion dude.
Land Resources.pptx
This document discusses land as an important natural resource and various causes of land degradation. It notes that humanity's development has damaged land resources through issues like soil erosion, deforestation, overgrazing, and excessive population growth. Specific causes of soil erosion discussed include water erosion processes like sheet, rill, and gully erosion, as well as wind erosion processes like saltation, suspension, and surface creep. Other issues covered include landslides, desertification, and water logging and salinity issues caused by excessive irrigation. The document emphasizes the importance of sustainable land management given India's large population and need for food security.
Exogenic processes
Exogenic processes originate externally to the Earth's surface and include weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and deposition. Weathering is the breakdown of rocks at the Earth's surface by temperature, rainfall, frost and other environmental factors. Erosion is the transport of weathered rock and sediment by forces like water, wind, glaciers and gravity. Mass wasting is the downward movement of rock and sediment on slopes due to gravity. Deposition occurs as eroded sediments are deposited in a new location through wind, water or other transport processes. Exogenic processes play an important role in shaping the Earth's surface and creating different landforms and landscapes.
Exogenic Process
This document discusses various earth processes including weathering, mass wasting, and soil erosion. It defines weathering as the breakdown of rocks near the earth's surface due to elements like temperature, rainfall, and frost. Weathering occurs through physical processes like exfoliation or chemical processes like oxidation. Mass wasting is the downward movement of rock and soil under gravity, and includes different types of movement like falls, slides, and flows. Soil erosion is the removal of soil faster than its replacement, and can occur through various agents like wind, water, or human activities.
Exogenous disasters
Exogenous hazards originate above the earth's surface and include atmospheric, hydrospheric, and lithospheric disasters. Atmospheric disasters occur in the atmosphere and include droughts, rainfall, snowfall, winds, and hailstorms. Hydrospheric disasters are related to water and include wave currents, tsunamis, and floods. Lithospheric hazards occur near the earth's surface and are made up of landslides, weathering, erosion, avalanches, and sinkholes.
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF LANDSLIDES
The term landslide or less frequently, landslip, refers to several forms of mass wasting that include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep-seated slope failure
A landslide is the movement of rock, earth, or debris down a sloped section of land. Landslides are caused by rain, earthquakes, volcanoes, or other factors that make the slope unstable. s, mudflows and debris flows
agri.pptx
Soil erosion is the washing or blowing away of the top layer of soil by water or wind. There are two main types of soil erosion: geological erosion and accelerated erosion. Geological erosion is a natural process caused by factors like rainfall, runoff, wind, and topography. Accelerated erosion is caused by human activities that damage natural soil cover and conditions, such as deforestation, lack of conservation practices, and construction. Water erosion occurs through processes like splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, gully erosion, and erosion of river banks, reservoirs, and coastal areas.
Impacts of Weathering and Erosion on Human Activities
This presentation will tell us about How Different types of Weathering and Erosion have a impact on Human Activities and How they Also effect the environment.
WEATHERING-EROSION-MASS-WASTING-SEDIMENTATION.pptx
The document discusses weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and sedimentation. It defines weathering as the breakdown of rocks at Earth's surface through mechanical or chemical processes. Mechanical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition, while chemical weathering alters the rocks' chemical and physical makeup. Erosion transports weathered materials, and mass wasting involves downslope rock/soil movement by gravity. Sedimentation is the deposition of eroded and transported particles.
Weathering and erosion
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals through contact with the atmosphere, water, and organisms. It occurs in place with little movement. There are three main types of weathering: physical, chemical, and biological. Erosion is the process by which weathered materials are transported to another location by agents such as water, wind, ice, and gravity. The main agents that cause erosion are wind, flowing water, and sea waves, which wear down and transport soils and rocks.
Weathering and Erosion
ALL ABOUT WEATHERING AND EROSION .. Weathering causes the disintegration of rock near the surface of the earth. Plant and animal life, atmosphere and water are the major causes of weathering. Weathering breaks down and loosens the surface minerals of rock so they can be transported away by agents of erosion such as water, wind and ice. There are two types of weathering: mechanical and chemical.
4-Weathering-Soil-Formation-Development.pptx
Weathering, Soil Formation and Development
Weathering is the process of alteration and breakdown of soil and rock materials at and near the Earth's surface by physical, chemical and biotic processes. Types of weathering include physical, chemical and biological processes. Physical weathering occurs everywhere through exfoliation and unloading reactions. Chemical weathering reactions include dissolution, oxidation and hydrolysis. Weathering causes rocks to breakdown, and the weathered rocks are then transported downhill in the process of erosion, contributing to soil formation over long timescales and the development of fully-formed soils.
weathering
The presentation discusses the processes of weathering and erosion. It defines weathering as the breakdown of rocks through physical or chemical means without transportation, while erosion is the transportation and deposition of weathered materials by agents such as wind, water or ice. The key types of weathering are physical weathering which breaks rocks into smaller pieces without chemical change, and chemical weathering which alters the chemical composition of rocks through processes like oxidation and carbonation.
Physical Causes And Consequences Of Mass Movement
Mass movement refers to the downhill movement of weathered rock and soil material under the influence of gravity. Different types of mass movement include fast movements like landslides and mudflows, and slow movements like soil creep and solifluction. The amount, rate, and type of mass movement on a slope depends on factors that influence slope stability such as the slope angle, rock type, climate, vegetation, and human activities.
EXOGENETIC FORCES.pptx
This document discusses endogenic and exogenic forces that shape the Earth's surface. Endogenic forces are mainly land-building like diastrophism and volcanism, while exogenic forces are land-wearing including weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and deposition. It describes various exogenic (surface) processes such as weathering which can be chemical, physical, or biological; mass wasting including slow movements like creep and rapid movements like mudflows; and erosion by water, ice, and wind which transport material. These surface processes are collectively called denudation and produce characteristic erosional and depositional landforms.
Landslide and soil erosion
Landslides and soil erosion are naturally occurring geological processes that can be exacerbated by human activities like deforestation, construction, and agriculture. Landslides involve the downslope movement of earth and rock due to external forces like rainfall, earthquakes, or melting snow. Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil by wind and water. Common types of erosion include sheet erosion and gully erosion. Mitigation measures include terracing slopes, contour ploughing, and maintaining vegetative cover to control erosion and stabilize slopes. Uncontrolled human activities that disturb land and vegetation can increase the risks of landslides and erosion.
Nkwanyana mb slides
Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. It investigates the processes that cause and alter landforms, including weathering, erosion, deposition, mass movement, faulting, folding, volcanism, earthquakes, and landslides. These geomorphic processes are driven by natural forces like water, wind, waves, glaciers, and changes in the earth's crust. They work to gradually modify the earth's surface over time, creating a variety of landforms through erosion, transportation, and deposition of earth materials. Understanding geomorphic processes is important for applications like hazard detection, landscape identification, engineering projects, and land use planning.
Landslide ,cause, impact as natural hazards and control.pptx
A landslide is a geological phenomenon where a mass of rock, earth, or debris moves downhill due to gravity. Landslides can occur on steep slopes, cliffs, and mountains, and can be triggered by a variety of factors such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and human activities like excavation or construction.
Landslides can take different forms depending on the type of material involved and the speed of movement. They can be slow-moving or rapid, and can travel short distances or cover vast areas. Some common types of landslides include rockfalls, debris flows, mudslides, and rockslides.
Landslides can have serious consequences for people and the environment. They can cause property damage, loss of life, and disrupt transportation and communication networks. In addition, landslides can alter the landscape, affect ecosystems, and create new hazards such as damming of rivers and formation of new lakes.
Erosion of soils
Soil erosion is the removal of topsoil by various agents like rain, water, wind, ice or gravity. It is distinguished from weathering which breaks down rocks. The consequences of soil erosion can be seen on-site through loss of soil and nutrients or off-site through sedimentation that causes flooding. Some techniques to reduce soil erosion include contour plowing, terracing, crop rotation, and shelter belts. Conservation of soil is important as soil formation occurs slowly while erosion rates are high.
Soil Erosion and mechanics.pptx
Erosion is the wearing away of land by natural processes like water and wind. There are two main types: geological erosion which forms soil slowly, and accelerated erosion caused by human activities like farming that break down and transport soil particles faster than normal. Factors that influence erosion rates include rainfall intensity, steep slopes, unprotected soil types, lack of vegetation cover, and human disturbances of the land.
Similar to Soil erosion (20)
Impacts of Weathering and Erosion on Human Activities
Impacts of Weathering and Erosion on Human Activities
WEATHERING-EROSION-MASS-WASTING-SEDIMENTATION.pptx
WEATHERING-EROSION-MASS-WASTING-SEDIMENTATION.pptx
Landslide ,cause, impact as natural hazards and control.pptx
Landslide ,cause, impact as natural hazards and control.pptx
More from seemaPrajapat
Soils of india
Major soils in India include alluvial soils covering 75 Mha, black soils covering 72 Mha, red soils covering 70 Mha, laterite soils covering 25 Mha, and saline/alkali soils covering 7.5 Mha. Alluvial soils are the most fertile and important for agriculture. Black soils are very dark in color and develop deep cracks. They are classified as vertisols. Red soils get their color from iron oxide coatings. Laterite soils form in tropical climates and are high in kaolinite clay. Salt-affected soils occur in arid regions where salts accumulate due to evaporation. Forest soils include podzolic soils found under coniferous vegetation and brown forest soils developed on
classification of soil
This document provides descriptions of the 12 soil orders defined in the Indian soil classification system. It summarizes the defining characteristics of each order in 1-2 sentences. The orders described are Entisols, Vertisols, Inceptisols, Aridisols, Mollisols, Spodosols, Alfisols, Ultisols, Oxisols, Histosols, Andisols, and Gelisols. For each order it provides the root of the name and a brief description of the key features used to classify soils into that order.
ROCK FORMING MINERAL
MICROORGANISMS (BACTERIA,)MINERALIZED THE ROCKS ;THEY DEPOSITED THE IRON THEY MADE THE GEOLOGY WE SEE.
THE EARTH
The document provides information about the composition and structure of the Earth. It discusses three main spheres - the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. The lithosphere is the solid crust and interior of the Earth. The hydrosphere is the sphere of water surrounding the Earth. The atmosphere is the gaseous envelope surrounding the lithosphere and hydrosphere. It also describes the internal structure of the Earth including the core, mantle and crust, and provides details on the composition of each sphere.
Rocks
Rocks can be divided into three main classes based on their mode of formation:
1) Igneous or primary rocks such as basalt and granite form by the cooling and solidification of magma either underground or on the surface.
2) Sedimentary or secondary rocks like sandstone and limestone form by the compaction and cementation of sediment.
3) Metamorphic rocks such as gneiss, schist, and marble form by the alteration of pre-existing rocks due to heat, pressure, and chemical changes.
BIOFERTILIZER
EATING HEALTHY,CLEAN AND NUTRIENT RICH FOOD FILLS YOUR BODY WITH ENERGY ,NUTRIENT,ANTIOXIDENT.IMAGINE YOUR CELLS SMILLING BACK AT YOU SAYING THANKS!
natural image
The earth does not belong to us,we belong to the earth.......go green....save nature ,,,love nature,,,love wildlife....love mother earth.
fertilizers
The document discusses various nitrogenous, phosphatic, potassic, and micronutrient fertilizers including their chemical compositions and percentages of nutrients. Nitrogenous fertilizers mentioned include urea, ammonium sulfate, calcium ammonium nitrate, and slow release varieties. Phosphatic fertilizers include single super phosphate, triple super phosphate, and rock phosphate. Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are listed as potassic fertilizers. Common micronutrient sources and chelating agents are also outlined.
organic farming
Organic farming utilizes techniques like crop rotation and organic manures to nourish soil fertility. Crop rotation, the recurrent succession of crops on the same land, improves soil structure and nutrients while suppressing weeds and pests. Organic manures, including bulky manures like farm yard manure and compost, as well as concentrated manures from oilcakes, are also used to increase soil nutrients. Vermicompost and other composts are additionally employed in organic agricultural practices.
Tillage
Tillage is the physical manipulation of soil using tools and implements to improve soil tilth for better plant growth. Primary tillage implements include the mouldboard plough, disc plough, and reversible plough, while secondary tillage implements are cultivators, harrows, and seed drills. Tillage aims to create good soil structure and control weeds through mulch tillage.
dragon fruit
Dragon fruit, also known as pitahaya, has several health benefits. It is rich in antioxidants, vitamins, minerals, and fiber which can help fight diabetes, reduce inflammation, and promote digestive and heart health. Dragon fruit is cultivated as both an ornamental plant and fruit crop. It grows best in tropical climates with temperatures between 20-30 degrees Celsius and at least 50cm of annual rainfall. Propagation is usually through cuttings, and plants are spaced 2 meters apart in pits filled with soil and compost. Dragon fruits are harvested 1 month after flowering from August to December, with average yields of 5-6 tonnes per acre.
Soil science
This document defines soil and discusses concepts in soil science. It provides multiple definitions of soil from different perspectives, emphasizing soil as a natural body that supports plant growth. The document also outlines major disciplines within soil science, including soil fertility, productivity, chemistry, physics, microbiology, conservation, pedology, survey, and classification. It discusses key concepts and processes within each discipline, such as nutrient supply and cycling, yield capacity, chemical composition and reactions, physical properties, microbial populations, erosion prevention, soil genesis, descriptive mapping, and logical grouping of soil types.
More from seemaPrajapat (12)
Recently uploaded
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
The Petroleum System of the Çukurova Field - the Shallowest Oil Discovery of Türkiye, Adana
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingImmersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,kP,Pakistan
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsRandomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Bob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Recently uploaded (20)
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Soil erosion
- 2. ◤ Soil erosion ▪ Soil erosion : defined as the detachment of soil particles,their transportation from one place to another and deposition elsewhere through water,wind,coastal waves,snow,gravity &other forces.
- 3. ◤ Steps of soil erosion 1. Detachment of soil particles from the main soil body. 2. Transportation by splashing ,floating ,rolling,dragging. 3. Deposition at another place.
- 4. ◤ Geological erosion ▪ It refers to natural or normal erosion. ▪ Geological erosion takes place As a result of the action of water,wind,gravity and glaciers.
- 5. ◤ Accelerated soil erosion ▪ When soil erosion exceeds that normal rate and becomes unusually destructive and unproductive, it is called accelerated erosion. ▪ When man or animal interferes.
- 6. ◤ Factor affecting soil erosion ▪ Climate : especially rainfall and wind velocity. ▪ Topography: slope of land,nature. ▪ Physical,chemical and biological characteristic of soil. ▪ Nature of ground cover and land use.
- 7. ◤ Estimation of soil and water erosions ▪ The universal soil loss equation is presented by expression (wischneier and smith)
- 8. ◤ Universal soil loss equation ▪ A= R× K×L×S×C×P. Where, ▪ A = computed soil loss per unit area ▪ R= rainfall factors. ▪ K = Soil erodibility factor. ▪ L= slope-length factor. ▪ S= slope-gradient factor. ▪ C= cropping- management factor. ▪ P= erosion- control practices factor.
- 9. ◤ Type of soil erosion
- 10. ◤ Soil& water conservation measure ▪ Contour bunds, ▪ Bench terraces ▪ Cropping system,cropping system,contour cultivation,tillage. ▪ Watershed management.
- 11. ◤ Thank you