Social structure and social interaction
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This document discusses sociological approaches to understanding social structure and social interaction from both a macro and micro perspective. [1] It explores how macrosociology examines the larger framework of society, including social structure defined by factors like culture, class, status, roles, groups, and institutions. [2] Microsociology focuses on face-to-face interactions and behaviors influenced by concepts like stereotyping, personal space, and body language. [3] Both approaches are necessary to understand how social realities are constructed and how social structure guides interactions.
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Disclaimer:
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Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of their respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
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Paper One will consist of two parts. PART I should be a contrast/comparison of each of the three major sociological perspectives discussed in class. Please compare/contrast each of the three on the basis of the image of society offered by each, the image of social change, the fundamental elements and questions asked by sociologists within each perspective. Also mention the major classic theorists and some of their contributions. Please discuss how each of the perspectives reflects the time and place in which the theorists were writing, putting their ideas into a social and historical context.
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Papers should be 5 to 7 pages in length. You should refer to portions of the text, readings, and/or class notes when describing concepts (and be sure to include a reference page). Citation style may be APA, MLA, or any other format you are familiar with (or that is required for your particular major). Criteria for grading the papers are as follows:
1. Paper must be well written and well organized--it may be helpful to break it down into sections.
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A MACRO level theory –Focuses on large scale structures and institutions
Views a “society” as a “whole” consisting of interdependent and interrelated “parts.” The parts serve “functions” for the benefit of the whole.
One could envision the “parts” of a society as the different social institutions, social classes, or social groups—or, we could even envision PEOPLE as the parts!
Structural functionalists are interested in how to maintain social ORDER and STABILITY.
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Image of Social change: Social changes proceeds in a gradual, linear, adaptive fashion—EVOLUTIONARY!
Fundamental Elements: Society is based upon SHARED VALUES—when values begin to deteriorate, so does society!
IMPORTANT EARLY THEORISTS
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Structural Functionalism
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society is viewed as a smoothly functioning organism
parts work together to contribute to well-being of the whole
values are the "glue" which hold society together
dysfunctions are the result of dysfunctions within a mechanism (institution) which is a result of deviance from the "norms"
social change often triggers problems -- change in values
CENTRAL QUESTION: HOW DOES A PART CONTRIBUTE TO OVERALL STABILITY?
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conflict is normal in the functioning of society
focus on the unequal divisions in society
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Micro Perspective
Symbolic Interactionist
The interactionist pers.
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Paper One will consist of two parts. PART I should be a contrast/comparison of each of the three major sociological perspectives discussed in class. Please compare/contrast each of the three on the basis of the image of society offered by each, the image of social change, the fundamental elements and questions asked by sociologists within each perspective. Also mention the major classic theorists and some of their contributions. Please discuss how each of the perspectives reflects the time and place in which the theorists were writing, putting their ideas into a social and historical context.
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Papers should be 5 to 7 pages in length. You should refer to portions of the text, readings, and/or class notes when describing concepts (and be sure to include a reference page). Citation style may be APA, MLA, or any other format you are familiar with (or that is required for your particular major). Criteria for grading the papers are as follows:
1. Paper must be well written and well organized--it may be helpful to break it down into sections.
2. Responsiveness--don’t just strive to “fill pages”--make sure to respond to the requirements of the assignment, and you will easily have enough pages.
3. Creativity/originality--Expand your mind! Be creative in the examples you use, and/or in the way you apply the theories.
4. Use of text materials and class notes--Good papers will weave together the concepts in the books with “real life” examples. Again, have a reference page.
GOOD LUCK AND HAVE FUN WITH THIS ---GET CREATIVE! J
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One could envision the “parts” of a society as the different social institutions, social classes, or social groups—or, we could even envision PEOPLE as the parts!
Structural functionalists are interested in how to maintain social ORDER and STABILITY.
Image of Society: A living ORGANISM, with each part of the organism fulfilling a vital function for the whole
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Social structure and social interaction
- 1. Social Structure and Social Interaction
- 2. Sociological Approaches Macrosociology Large-Scale Features of Social Life Microsociology Focus on Social Interaction Both Approaches Necessary
- 3. The Macrosociological Perspective Examine the framework of society – how all the pieces fit together Social Structure Our guide for interactions Our location, our place, guides our behavior Culture Social Class - http://youtu.be/UxB-H6f3crY Snickers? Social Status – ascribed, achieved, master, and status symbols Roles Groups Social Institutions
- 4. Social Institutions Sociological Significance Ten Social Institutions in Industrialized Societies To be explored in detail Mass Media as an Emerging Social Institution Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives
- 5. Social Institutions Comparing Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives Functionalist Replacing Members Socializing New Members Producing and Distributing Goods and Services Preserving Order Providing a Sense of Purpose Conflict Theorist Powerful Groups Control Institutions Preserve the status quo, power and privilege Feminist sociologists – gender relations
- 6. What Holds It All Together? Social Integration – Emile Durkheim Mechanic Solidarity Division of Labor Organic Solidarity
- 7. The Microsociological Perspective Face-to-face interactions Behavior and Approach towards life Stereotyping - http://youtu.be/gspaoaecNAg Boys http://youtu.be/paNiEdFTvuA Girls Personal space Eye contact Facial expressions and body language
- 8. Dramaturgy
- 9. The Social Construction of Reality Our own subjective reality http://youtu.be/myq8upzJDJc Josh Bell in the Metro http://vimeo.com/16329078 Up in the Air Thomas Theorem How does stereotyping play out? Using a famous quote known as the Thomas theorem, we can begin to understand the potentially damaging effects of stereotypes: "if [people] define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." In other words, when people accept stereotypes as true, then they are likely to act on these beliefs, and these subjective beliefs can lead to objective results.
- 10. Social Structure Activity Think about 3 or 4 statuses you occupy Are they achieved or ascribed or master statuses Do you display status symbols, what are they What roles do you play within each status Are there any conflicts between the roles Think about the larger institutions where these statuses are located What are the functions of these institutions (how do they hold society together) Which institution exerts the most influence on your life Are there conflicts among the institutions
- 11. Lens Assignment Think about the different grand perspectives sociologists use to analyze and evaluate the social world – macro and micro It may be easier to select one perspective From the macrosociological perspective, look for different components of social structure (class, status, roles, institutions) and describe how they may be analyzed within the photograph From a microsociological perspective, look for evidence of Goffman’s Presentation of Self in Everyday life and describe “the stage,” roles, and impression management.
Editor's Notes
- The way in which society is organized into predictable relationships, patterns of social interaction (the way in which people respond to each other). These patterns etc, are to some extent independent of the particular individual, they exert a force which shapes behavior and identity. We already know the vast influence of values and beliefs that culture places on society – Influences can have personal implications, but also have farther reaching, larger impacts on groups of people.
- Sociologists use 2 approaches to study social life. Macro focus on broad social structures and Micro focus on small face to face.