This is a presentation for Social Security which is important to know why it is given & to whom it is given.

1. The Presentation by Karan Dalvi

2. Any of the measures established by legislation to maintain individual or
family income or to provide income when some or all sources of income
are disrupted or terminated or when exceptionally heavy expenditures
have to be incurred (e.g., in bringing up children or paying for health
care)
social security may provide cash benefits to persons faced with
sickness and disability, unemployment, crop failure, loss of the marital
partner, maternity, responsibility for the care of young children, or
retirement from work
Social security benefits may be provided in cash or kind for medical
need, rehabilitation, domestic help during illness at home, legal aid, or
funeral expenses
It acts as a facilitator – it helps people to plan their own future through
insurance and assistance.

3.  Germany was the first country to introduce Social security
scheme (1883)
 each member of a particular trade (blacksmiths, painters,
weavers etc) was required to contribute at regular intervals;
 Money from this fund was used for food, lodging, hospital
and funeral expenses of aged and disabled members.
 In USA, Social Security Act came into existence in 1935.

4.  India has always had a Joint Family system that
took care of the social security needs.
 However with rise of migration, urbanization,
nuclear families and demographic changes, Joint
family system has declined. Hence we need a
formal system of social security.

6. Article 41
 Right to work, to education and to public assistance
in certain cases
 State shall, within the limits of its economic capacity
and development, make effective provision for
securing the right to work, to education and to public
assistance in cases of unemployment, old age,
sickness and disablement, and in other cases of
undeserved want.
Article 42
 Provision for just and humane conditions of work and
maternity relief
 State shall make provision for securing just and
humane conditions of work and for maternity relief.

7. Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 (ESI Act)
 covers factories and establishments with 10 or more employees
 Provides medical care to employees and their families.
 Provides Cash benefits during sickness and maternity
 Monthly pension after death or permanent disability.
Employees’ Provident Funds Act, 1952
 applies to specific scheduled factories and establishments
employing 20 or more employees and ensures terminal benefits to
provident fund, superannuation pension, and family pension in case
of death during service.
Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923
 Requires payment of compensation to the workman or his family in
cases of employment related injuries resulting in death or disability.

8. Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
 provides for 12 weeks wages during maternity as
well as paid leave in certain other related
contingencies.
Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972
 provides 15 days wages for each year of service
to employees who have worked for five years or
more in establishments having a minimum of 10
workers.

9.  And also the Factories Act, 1948, the
Shops and Commercial Establishments Act
of State Governments, the Industrial
Employment Standing Orders Act, 1946
etc.
 With that some Schemes which help
people i.e. National food for work
programme, Jawaharlal Rozagar Yojana,
Indira Awas Yojana, and most recently
MGNREGA.

10.  We do not have an existing universal social
security system
 92% of the workforce of 400 million people is in
the informal sector which is largely unrecorded
 today 1/8th of the world’s older people live in India.
The overwhelming majority of these depend on
transfers from their children.
 Addressing social security concerns with particular
reference to retirement income for worker

11.  In the United States, Social Security is
primarily the Old-Age, Survivors, and
Disability Insurance (OASDI) Federal
program.
 The Act was made in year 1935.
 the current version of the Act, as
amended, encompasses several social
welfare and social insurance programs.

12. Major Social Security Programs
 Federal Old-Age (Retirement), Survivors,
and Disability Insurance, OASDI
 Temporary Assistance for Needy
Families, TANF
 Health Insurance for Aged and
Disabled, Medicare
 Grants to States for Medical Assistance
Programs for low income citizens, Medicaid
 State Children's Health Insurance Program for
low income citizens, SCHIP
 Supplemental Security Income, SSI

13. Old Age, Disability, and Survivors
Regulatory Framework
 First laws: 1908 (old-age pension), 1911 (disability
insurance), and 1925 (old-age and survivors'
insurance).
 Current laws: 1992 (consolidated legislation), 1995
(pensions), 1999 (welfare and pensions), 2000 (child
support, pensions, and social security), 2002
(pension credit), 2004 (pensions), 2007 (pensions),
and 2011 (pensions).
 Type of program: Social insurance and social
assistance system.

14. Regulatory Framework
 First law: 1941 (employees' pension
insurance).
 Current laws: 1954 (employees'
pension insurance) and 1959 (national
pension).
 Type of program: Social insurance
system.

15. Regulatory Framework
 First law: 1889 (old-age and disability),
implemented in 1891; and 1911
(survivors), implemented in 1914.
 Current law: 2002 (pension insurance).
 Type of program: Social insurance
system.