Social security describes government programs that provide economic security for citizens. It aims to ensure access to healthcare and guarantee income security. The key goals are to protect individuals from economic and social hardship due to issues like sickness, unemployment, old age or death. There are two main approaches - social assistance funded solely by government, and social insurance where both employers and employees contribute to funds. Major social security programs in India include Employees' Provident Fund, Employees' State Insurance, Maternity Benefit and Pension schemes covering retirement, health, disability and other needs.

2. • Social security describes a program that
uses public funds to provide of economic
security for the public.
• The concept of social security is based on
ideals of human dignity and social justice and
equality.
• Social security is the protection that a
society provides to individuals and
households to ensure access to health care
and to guarantee income security.

3. •The term social security was used in the
U.S by “Abraham Epstein in connection
with his group the American for social
security.
• Originally the social security act of 1935
was named the economic security act
but this title was changed during
congressional consideration.

4. Meaning Of Social Security
 According to ILO, “Social security is the protection
which society provides for its members through a
series of public measures, against the economic and
social distress that otherwise would be caused by the
substantial stoppage of earning resulting from:-
 Sickness
 Maternity
 Injury
 Unemployment
 Old age
 Death

5. There are the two approaches of
social security.
1. SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
2. SOCIAL INSURANCE

6. Under the social assistance the cost
of benefit is provided by the central
government. There is no
contribution of workers and
employers.
E g. Old age Pension ,Widow’s
Pension

7. SOCIAL INSURANCE
 Under the social insurance scheme the
employer and employee both contribute.
This fund is based on the contribution .
Social insurance is a giving return for
contribution.
 E g. Provident fund , Insurance scheme,
Group insurance scheme.

8. In India social securities schemes cover the
following type of securities.
Pension
Health Insurance and Medical
Disability
Maternity
Gratuity

9. 1) The EPF and M.P. Act 1952
2) The ESI ACT 1948
3) The Maternity Benefit Act 1961
4) THE Building and other construction Workers
welfare Cess Act 1996
5) The Payment of Gratuity Act 1972
6) The Employees Exchange (Compulsory Notification
of vacancies) Act 1959
7) The Cine Workers Welfare fund Act1981
8) The Unorganized Worker’s social security act 2008
9) Employees Compensation Act 1923

10. The object of the Employee’s Provident
Funds Act, is to provide :
1. The Employee’s Provident Fund
Scheme (1952)
2. The Employees’ Pension Scheme
(1995)
3. The Employees’ Deposit-Linked
Insurance Scheme (1976)

11. EMPLOYEES’ PROV. FUND SCHEME 1952
Retirement
Medical Care
Housing Loan
Family Obligations
Education of Children
Financing of Insurance Policy
•EMPLOYEES’ PENSION SCHEME 1995
Monthly Member’s Pension Scheme
Widow & Children Pension
Orphan Pension
Reduced Pension
Disablement Pension

12.  It is mandatory for employees who earn a basic
salary plus DA of Rs. 15,000 ( wage ceiling limit )or
less to enrol in the scheme.
 The employer and employee both contribute 12%
of the employee’s basic salary and DA towards the
EPF scheme.
 12% Employer’s contribution includes 3.67% EPF
And 8.33% EPS.
Applicability of this act – every factory or
establishment where 20 or more persons employed.

13. EDLI Scheme – Under employee’s deposit-linked insurance fund
the employer shall be paid time to time in respect of every such
employee such amount not being more than 1% and central
government also contribute.
• Rate of Interest for EPF Is 8.50%
• EPS Scheme – WIDOW/WIDOWER PENSION
When member dies while In service widow/ widower is
entitled for the minimum monthly pension of Rs.1000
In case of death of pensioner, pension to his / her widow/
widower is 50% of member pension.
CHILDREN PENSION - Pension amount equal to 25% 0f
widow/ widower pension to each child subject to maximum 2
children at a time till 25 years of age

14. The objective of the act is to secure sickness,
maternity and medical care. Whenever an
employee suffers from sickness, maternity,
injury and any other medical difficulty. This
act provides dual benefit to the workers and
their family. They get free medical treatment
as well as they get wages even when they were
absent due to medical difficulties.

15. Any non seasonal factory or company
having more than 10 employees ( in
some states it is 20 employees ) who
have a maximum salary of Rs. 21,000 has
to mandatorily register itself with the
ESIC and provide the ESI benefits to its
employees.

16. The rates of the ESI contribution are
calculated on the wages paid. Currently,
the employee contribution is 0.75% of
wages paid/payable and employer
contribution is 3.25% of wages
paid/payable.

17. •Sickness Benefit
•Maternity Benefit
•Disablement Benefit
•Dependents Benefit
•Funeral Expenses
•Other Benefits
•Medical Benefit

18. MATERNITY BENEFIT ACT 1961
 OBJECTIVE OF THIS ACT
 It aim to regulate the employment of woman in
certain periods before and after child birth.
To provide for maternity benefits including maternity
leave, wages, bonus, nursing breaks etc.
 APPLICABILITY OF THIS ACT
The act extends to whole India. In every factory,
establishment, mines or plantation in which 10 or
more persons employed on any day of preceding 12
months.

19. KEY POINTS OF THE MATERITY LEAVE-
•The maternity leave is raised from current 12 to 26
weeks.
•The prenatal leave is also extended from six to
eight weeks.
•A woman with already two or more children is
entitled to 12 weeks maternity leave.
•The prenatal leave in this case remains six weeks.
•The act also provides for adoption leave of 12
weeks for a woman who adopts a child under the
age of three months.