Levels, Patterns and Trends of Urbanization (World)ShreemoyeeSaha1
1. What is Urbanization?
2. Levels of Urbanization in the World
3. Patterns of Urbanization in the World : Demographic Changes, Economic Development, Consumption Pattern, Urban Footprint.
4. Patterns of Urbanization in Asia.
5. Trends of Urbanization in the World : Past, Recent and Future Trends.
6. Timeline of Urbanization in the World (1950- 2050)
7. Projected Urban and Rural Population.
8. Urbanization and Sustainability.
Geographic Regions: by definition There three types of regions Formal regions are areas where a certain characteristic is found throughout. Functional regions consist of a central place and the surrounding places affected by it. Perceptual regions are defined by people’s attitudes and feelings about areas. 4.
Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geographyKamrul Islam Karim
What is Urban Geography?
It can be considered a sub-discipline of the larger field of human geography with overlaps of content with that of Cultural Geography
Definition of Urban Geography.
Urban geography is the study of urban places with reference to their geographical environment.
Urban geography is the sub discipline of geography which concentrates on those parts of the Earth's surface that have a high concentration of buildings and infrastructure
.
It is that branch of science, which deals with the study of urban areas, in terms of concentration, infrastructure, economy, and environmental impacts.
Griffith Taylor- Urban Geography includes the site revolution pattern and classification of towns.
Dudley Stamp- Urban Geography is infecting the intensive study of town and their development in all their geographical aspects.
Meaning of an Urban Place
UN Demographic Year Book concludes: “There is no point in the continuum from large agglomerations to small clusters or scattered dwellings where urbanity disappears and rurality begins the division between urban and rural populations is necessarily arbitrary.”
A review of the problems of rural and urban centres as revealed by the Census Reports of various countries identifies a few bases for reckoning a place as urban.
Difference between rural and urban depends upon their nature of work – the former being engaged in agricultural operations and the latter in non-agricultural activities.
Criteria of an Urban Place
(1) A place designated by administrative status;
(2) A minimum population;
(3) A minimum population density;
(4) A concept of contiguity to include or exclude under suburban area or loosely scattered settlement;
(5) A proportion engaged in non-agricultural occupations; and
(6) A functional character.
Attributes of Urban Geography
Scope/nature/theme of Urban Geography
Methods or Approaches of Urban Places
Aim of urban geography
Paradigm is just a way of your interpretation that how you interpret something. And geographic paradigms have changed time by time. In previous time we think of a one continent Pangea but now we are familiar with several. It is a long debate to discuss it in a detail. There is only one thing to learn from this slide is the development of knowledge and advancement in technology have changed our perspectives and assumption about the geographical land on which we are living. Change is absolute which take you on ride from one side of picture to other side. Then you have many paradigms of one picture.
Levels, Patterns and Trends of Urbanization (World)ShreemoyeeSaha1
1. What is Urbanization?
2. Levels of Urbanization in the World
3. Patterns of Urbanization in the World : Demographic Changes, Economic Development, Consumption Pattern, Urban Footprint.
4. Patterns of Urbanization in Asia.
5. Trends of Urbanization in the World : Past, Recent and Future Trends.
6. Timeline of Urbanization in the World (1950- 2050)
7. Projected Urban and Rural Population.
8. Urbanization and Sustainability.
Geographic Regions: by definition There three types of regions Formal regions are areas where a certain characteristic is found throughout. Functional regions consist of a central place and the surrounding places affected by it. Perceptual regions are defined by people’s attitudes and feelings about areas. 4.
Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geographyKamrul Islam Karim
What is Urban Geography?
It can be considered a sub-discipline of the larger field of human geography with overlaps of content with that of Cultural Geography
Definition of Urban Geography.
Urban geography is the study of urban places with reference to their geographical environment.
Urban geography is the sub discipline of geography which concentrates on those parts of the Earth's surface that have a high concentration of buildings and infrastructure
.
It is that branch of science, which deals with the study of urban areas, in terms of concentration, infrastructure, economy, and environmental impacts.
Griffith Taylor- Urban Geography includes the site revolution pattern and classification of towns.
Dudley Stamp- Urban Geography is infecting the intensive study of town and their development in all their geographical aspects.
Meaning of an Urban Place
UN Demographic Year Book concludes: “There is no point in the continuum from large agglomerations to small clusters or scattered dwellings where urbanity disappears and rurality begins the division between urban and rural populations is necessarily arbitrary.”
A review of the problems of rural and urban centres as revealed by the Census Reports of various countries identifies a few bases for reckoning a place as urban.
Difference between rural and urban depends upon their nature of work – the former being engaged in agricultural operations and the latter in non-agricultural activities.
Criteria of an Urban Place
(1) A place designated by administrative status;
(2) A minimum population;
(3) A minimum population density;
(4) A concept of contiguity to include or exclude under suburban area or loosely scattered settlement;
(5) A proportion engaged in non-agricultural occupations; and
(6) A functional character.
Attributes of Urban Geography
Scope/nature/theme of Urban Geography
Methods or Approaches of Urban Places
Aim of urban geography
Paradigm is just a way of your interpretation that how you interpret something. And geographic paradigms have changed time by time. In previous time we think of a one continent Pangea but now we are familiar with several. It is a long debate to discuss it in a detail. There is only one thing to learn from this slide is the development of knowledge and advancement in technology have changed our perspectives and assumption about the geographical land on which we are living. Change is absolute which take you on ride from one side of picture to other side. Then you have many paradigms of one picture.
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The primary aim of studying settlement geography is to acquaint with the spatial and structural characteristics of human settlements under varied environmental conditions.
City region is a term in use since about 1950 by urbanists, economists and urban planners to mean a metropolitan area and hinterland, often having a shared administration. Typically, it denotes a city, conurbation or urban zone with multiple administrative districts, but sharing resources like a central business district , labour market and transport network such that it functions as a single unit.
the concept of city regions
stages of urban development
kcro dmh kansas city mo
liverpool city region
global city region
sheffield city region
cardiff city website
urban development models
gayathrysatheesanslieshare
ciity region ppt
This notes about Introduction to Economic Geography. Which helped to Geography & Environmental Science department students.
In this note I will discourse about:
1) The concept of Economic Geography
2) Historical Vs Modern economic geography
Von thunen’s model of agricultural land useThe Urban Unit
This presentation is based on a agricultural land use model around the city. This is the theory of urban Geography it describe the agricultural pattern and how should the agricultural activities perform around the city. basically this Model was put forwarded before industrialization and when there was no roads networks and this Model is not applicable in real word but is gives great ideas for developing new towns and cities.
Teaching wellbeing to students means we as teachers must be well ourselves. In this workshop I share with teachers tools in Positive Psychology they can share with students as well as use for themselves. Even though the workshop is quit practical, I hope you can take away some strategies based on Seligman's PERMA Model.
Concepts of Wellbeing EDU1CW.
Wellbeing Plan Proposal (Assessment Task 2). Students choose a personal behaviour change they would like to make (eg. giving up smoking/ start meditating regularly to relieve stress) and write a behaviour change proposal, provide background information on the desired behaviour and find 2 peer reviewed journal articles to support the change.
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The primary aim of studying settlement geography is to acquaint with the spatial and structural characteristics of human settlements under varied environmental conditions.
City region is a term in use since about 1950 by urbanists, economists and urban planners to mean a metropolitan area and hinterland, often having a shared administration. Typically, it denotes a city, conurbation or urban zone with multiple administrative districts, but sharing resources like a central business district , labour market and transport network such that it functions as a single unit.
the concept of city regions
stages of urban development
kcro dmh kansas city mo
liverpool city region
global city region
sheffield city region
cardiff city website
urban development models
gayathrysatheesanslieshare
ciity region ppt
This notes about Introduction to Economic Geography. Which helped to Geography & Environmental Science department students.
In this note I will discourse about:
1) The concept of Economic Geography
2) Historical Vs Modern economic geography
Von thunen’s model of agricultural land useThe Urban Unit
This presentation is based on a agricultural land use model around the city. This is the theory of urban Geography it describe the agricultural pattern and how should the agricultural activities perform around the city. basically this Model was put forwarded before industrialization and when there was no roads networks and this Model is not applicable in real word but is gives great ideas for developing new towns and cities.
Teaching wellbeing to students means we as teachers must be well ourselves. In this workshop I share with teachers tools in Positive Psychology they can share with students as well as use for themselves. Even though the workshop is quit practical, I hope you can take away some strategies based on Seligman's PERMA Model.
Concepts of Wellbeing EDU1CW.
Wellbeing Plan Proposal (Assessment Task 2). Students choose a personal behaviour change they would like to make (eg. giving up smoking/ start meditating regularly to relieve stress) and write a behaviour change proposal, provide background information on the desired behaviour and find 2 peer reviewed journal articles to support the change.
This presentation outlines my personal understanding of what happiness is, based on 4 years of learning about it, and finding my own path in the world.
This presentation was given by Mark Williamson, Director of Action for Happiness on Tues 23 Aug 2011.
It was part of a British Council workshop on the theme of Wellbeing involving young social and political activists from the UK and the Middle East.
It gives an overview of why wellbeing is important and the political context, summarises some important recent scientific findings relating to happiness and suggests some actions that governments and individuals can take to help create a happier society.
Social Capital PhD Thesis Defence 26. 3. 2009suresh.kalyani
Social Capital is the glue that holds the social fabric of society together. In today's new media scenario, what are the differences in the levels of social capital in youth who have access to both offline and online social worlds? Does the Internet supplement/complement/decrease social capital in youth? These are some of the issues that are sought to be answered in this PhD thesis by Kalyani Subramanian from the University of Madras, Chennai.
Partial notes on BBA 205 course for students of IP University (Delhi) and anyone who wants a beginner's level knowledge.
Citations are reflected in the slides.
COMMERCIAL COOKING (complete instructional material) By: Mary Krystle Dawn D....Mary Krystle Dawn Sulleza
COMMERCIAL COOKING (complete instructional material) By: Mary Krystle Dawn D. Sulleza, (TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION, SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION, K-12)
Child Development (The Milestone of Every Children)-Infancy, Childhood,Factors that Influence the Development of Every Child,Child Development Progress,Areas of Development, guide to how children develop within the following age ranges
by Mary Krystle Dawn D. Sulleza
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Social Indicators and Well-being
1.
2. WHAT ARE SOCIAL
INDICATORS?
-consist of selected
indicators at major stages
from birth to death and
include families,
education, employment,
marriage, interpersonal
relationships, retirement,
and sickness, etc.
3. PURPOSE OF SOCIAL
INDICATORS:
-used to assess how
well a country is
developing in key areas
such as health,
education and diet. It is
one way of finding out
what is happening within
a country.
4. “Functions of Social Indicators”
1.) Providing a basis for
information for decision-making,
monitoring and evaluating
policies, and/or searching for a
common good and deciding how
to reach it
2.) Phrased in such a way that they
can be interpreted by the general
public
3.)Show "progress" when social
circumstances have really
changed.
5. “2 KINDS OF INDICATOR”
1.) Objective Social Indicator:
- represent social facts
independently of personal evaluations.
Ex: unemployment rate, poverty rate,
working hours per week, perinatal
mortality rate.
2.) Subjective Social Indicator:
-based on individuals‘ perception
and evaluation of social conditions.
Ex: : life satisfaction, job satisfaction,
etc.; relevance of different life domains,
perception of distributional justice,
class identification
7. 3.) Adult Literacy:
-Is the percentage of
the adult population able to
read and write.
4.) Infant Mortality:
-Measures the number
of children who die before
they reach the age of one
for every thousand live
births per year.
8. What is WELL-BEING:
-a good or satisfactory
condition of existence; a state
characterized by health,
happiness, and prosperity:
welfare.
-is a general term for the
condition of an individual or
group, for example their
social, economic,
psychological, spiritual or
medical state.
9. “Two Domains OF Human Well-
being”
Material living conditions:
i) Income and Wealth;
ii) Jobs and Earnings; and
iii) Housing.
Under quality of life:
i) Health Status;
ii) Work and Life Balance;
iii) Education and Skills;
iv) Civic Engagement and Governance;
v) Social Connections;
vi) Environmental Quality;
vii) Personal Security; and
viii) Subjective Well-Being.
10. Types of Well-being
1.) Cognitive Well-being
2.) Affective Well-being
3.) Psychology in Well-being
4.) Education and Well-being
5.) Subjective Well-being
6.) Ethnic Identity and Well-
being
7.) Individual Roles and Well-
being
8.) Sports and Well-being
11. 1. People’s satisfaction with their lives.
2. Their sense of personal development, sometimes called
positive functioning or personal expressiveness.
Key factors for promoting well-being
at work are:
1.) Personal control of workload
2.) Work matched to skill level
3.) Variety of content
4.) Role Clarity
5.) Financial Rewards
6.) Physical Security
7.) Support from supervisors
8.) relationship with colleagues
9.) Status of Role
10.)Sense of identity with the
organization
12. Successful social indicators:
1.) Reflective of a social issue or
idea
2.) Available as a time series
3.) Meaningful and sensitive to
change
4.) Summary in Nature
5.) Able to disaggregated
6.) intelligible and easily
interpreted
13.
14. What is social capital?
“those tangible assets [that]
count for most in the daily lives of
people: namely goodwill, fellowship,
sympathy, and social intercourse
among the individuals and families who
make up a social unit”.
--Author Lyda
Hanifan
Social capital is defined by the
OECD as “networks together with
shared norms, values and
understandings that facilitate co-
15. Three theories investigate the
features of networks that have
the potential to create social
capital :
1.) Weak Tie Theory
2.) Structural Hole Theory
3.) Social Resource Theory
16. ***According to Light (1998), the key
connection between social capital and
ethnic entrepreneurship is the efficient
use of ethnic resources to support the
creation and survival of businesses in
the community.
**Ethnic resources are derived from
the ethnic group’s particular
characteristics, and include things
such as values, knowledge, skills,
information, solidarity, and work ethic.
17. Bonacich and Modell’s (1980):
**classic presentation of the
bases of ethnic Solidarity
proposed that a key aspect of
the relationship between
religion and social capital is
the idea that “religion is not
only a set of beliefs and
cultural practices: it is also a
set of social relations”
18. Three main categories Of
Social Capital:
Bonds: Links to people based on a
sense of common identity
Bridges: Links that stretch beyond
a shared sense of identity
Linkages: Links to people or
groups further up or lower down the
social ladder.
19. 1.) Religious beliefs require a
belief in God or gods
2.) Religious beliefs are
beliefs that induce worship
or worship-related activities
Religious Beliefs:
***Religion (a system of religious
beliefs, practices, and rituals)
20. A belief is a religious belief
provided that it is:
(1) a belief in something as divine
or
(2) a belief about how to stand in
proper relation to the divine,
where
(3) something is believed to be
divine provided it is held to be
unconditionally nondependent.
21. Religious belief: is the belief in the
reality of
the mythological, supernatural,
or spiritual aspects of a religion. It is
being derived from ideas that are
exclusive to religion, often relate to
the existence, characteristics and
worship of a deity or deities, divine
intervention in the universe and
human life, or
the deontological explanations for the
values and practices centered on the
teachings of a spiritual leader or
group.
22. FORMS OF RELIGIOUS
BELIEFS:
1.) Universalism
-religion cannot be separated
from other aspects of life, or believe
that certain cultures did not or do not
separate their religious activities from
other activities in the same way that
some people in
modern Western cultures do.
23. 2.) Orthodoxy:
-a religious belief that closely follows
the edicts, apologies, and hermeneutics of
a prevailing religious authority.
3.) Fundamentalism:
-associated with a strict adherence to
an interpretation of scriptures that are
generally associated with theologically
conservative positions or traditional
understandings of the text and are
distrustful of innovative readings, new
revelation, or alternate interpretations.
24. 4.) Modernism:
-The Renaissance and later
the Enlightenment in were associated
with varying degrees of religious
tolerance and intolerance towards new
religious ideas.
5.) Systemization:
-practice and progress along the
spiritual path happens
6.) Superstition:
-term signifying derogation that
is used by the religious and non-
religious alike, superstition is the
deprecated belief in supernatural
26. Ethnic
entrepreneurship:
is ‘a set of connections and
regular patterns of interaction
among people sharing common
national background or migration
experiences’
27. Entrepreneurship -“someone who
establishes a new entity to offer a
new or existing product or service
into
a new or existing market, whether for
a profit or not-for-profit venture”
Entrepreneur: as “one who
distinguishes as a person who
undertakes to organize, manage and
assume the risk of running a
business”.
28. Seven Problems in Founding and
operating their business:
1.) Acquiring the information needed
for the establishment and survival of
their firms.
2.) Obtaining the capital needed to
establish or to expand their business
3.) acquiring the training and skills
needed to run a small business
4.) recruiting and managing efficient,
honest and cheap workers
29. 5.) Managing relationships with
customers and suppliers.
6.) Surviving strenuous business
competition
7.) Protecting themselves from
political attacks.
30. Tinbergen (Taxgloss, 2005) defines
“the best entrepreneur in any
developing country is not
necessarily the man who uses
much capital, but rather the man
who knows how to organize the
employment and training of his
employees”.
While the first two focus on the nature (weak/strong) and pattern (redundant/non-redundant) of the ties that exist within- and between-groups – or, in other words, on the structure of the network – social resource theory examines the characteristics of network members (and the types of resources that they control), emphasizing thus network content. Whereas studying different aspects of the phenomenon, the three theories have nevertheless a common view of the positive aspects associated with the existence of social capital within a group, as well as with its possession by some of the group members. Among the benefits of social capital mentioned by authors are improved coordination, facilitation of actions, preferential access to opportunities, information and resources, greater visibility and legitimacy, and efficiency (e.g., Nahapiet & Ghoshal, 1998; Portes & Landolt, 2000).