This document provides an outline and overview of key concepts related to race and ethnicity. It discusses how race and ethnicity are socially constructed categories that have been used historically to stratify groups. It also defines and distinguishes between concepts like race, ethnicity, minority groups, racism, prejudice, discrimination, and approaches like functionalism and conflict theory for understanding the role race plays in society. Finally, it examines how race intersects with life chances and both conflict and cooperation in race relations.
Because there was a lot of dense material in this mini-lecture, I presented it as a SlideShare to make it visually more appealing and to break up the information a little.
Race and ethnicity are used to categorize certain sections of the population. In basic terms, race describes physical traits, and ethnicity refers to cultural identification. Race may also be identified as something you inherit while ethnicity is something you learn.
KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ/KAFKAS UNIVERSITY
SOCIOLOGY
Course
LECTURE NOTES AND POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS
Prof.Dr. Halit Hami ÖZ
Kars, TURKEY
hamioz@yahoo.com
Because there was a lot of dense material in this mini-lecture, I presented it as a SlideShare to make it visually more appealing and to break up the information a little.
Race and ethnicity are used to categorize certain sections of the population. In basic terms, race describes physical traits, and ethnicity refers to cultural identification. Race may also be identified as something you inherit while ethnicity is something you learn.
KAFKAS ÜNİVERSİTESİ/KAFKAS UNIVERSITY
SOCIOLOGY
Course
LECTURE NOTES AND POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS
Prof.Dr. Halit Hami ÖZ
Kars, TURKEY
hamioz@yahoo.com
48-110 (Foundations of Social Life) - Lesson Objectives
1. Distinguish between race, ethnicity and minority group;
2. Explain what is meant by race as a social construct;
3. Define and give examples of racism in real life and popular culture;
4. Discuss and give examples of White Privilege;
5. Define and discuss pluralism, multiculturalism, and assimilation;
6. Define and give examples of prejudice and discrimination;
7. Recognize and provide examples of racial and ethnic stereotypes;
8. Describe the various forms of ethnic conflict;
9. Discuss the role of race and ethnicity in crime, criminality and criminal justice
Powerpoint with guiding questions about assimilation (melting pot) and integration (salad bowl) as it pertains to the socializing of American immigrants.
Race, ethnicity and nation international perspectives on social conflictyoonshweyee
an international and comparative analysis of social division rooted in race, ethnicity and national identity. It provides an overview of the key issues underlying ethnic conflict which has now risen to the top of the international political agenda.
48-110 (Foundations of Social Life) - Lesson Objectives
1. Distinguish between race, ethnicity and minority group;
2. Explain what is meant by race as a social construct;
3. Define and give examples of racism in real life and popular culture;
4. Discuss and give examples of White Privilege;
5. Define and discuss pluralism, multiculturalism, and assimilation;
6. Define and give examples of prejudice and discrimination;
7. Recognize and provide examples of racial and ethnic stereotypes;
8. Describe the various forms of ethnic conflict;
9. Discuss the role of race and ethnicity in crime, criminality and criminal justice
Powerpoint with guiding questions about assimilation (melting pot) and integration (salad bowl) as it pertains to the socializing of American immigrants.
Race, ethnicity and nation international perspectives on social conflictyoonshweyee
an international and comparative analysis of social division rooted in race, ethnicity and national identity. It provides an overview of the key issues underlying ethnic conflict which has now risen to the top of the international political agenda.
Classroom or Clashroom? Learners’ Diversity and Construction of LearnersArdian Setiawan
We [teachers] tend to perceive classroom as a homogeneous venue consisting of homogeneous individuals. It's not! The presentation aims to make us [teachers] aware that classroom is a complex discourse which shapes the identity of learners and that teachers have 'power' to manage/direct the discourse.
Geog 120-04 Exam 2 ~ Study Guide Spring 2018 Geography o.docxhanneloremccaffery
Geog 120-04 Exam 2 ~ Study Guide Spring 2018
Geography of Human Diversity in the U.S.
Exam 2 ~ Study Guide
Exam 2 is scheduled for Wednesday, April 11. Use the following review as a guide to the types of questions that
will be on the exam. Please bring a Scantron form #882 to class for the test.
The Geography of Language
What is a language?
How many languages are currently in use in the world today?
What is a dialect?
How does a pidgin language develop?
What is the difference between a pidgin language and a creole language?
What is a lingua franca?
What are the two hypotheses that explain the diffusion of the Indo-European Language Family?
What is the difference between relocation diffusion and expansion diffusion?
What role does religion play in the diffusion of language?
What is an isogloss?
What are the major dialects used in North American English?
How many languages are expected to be viable by the year 2100?
Which three languages dominate technological innovation?
How did colonialism affect the diffusion of languages?
What is a linguistic refuge area?
Race, Ethnicity and Ancestry (Exploring Contemporary Ethnic Geographies)
Define race. Why is race socially constructed? How is race normally assigned to individuals?
How does the construction of race differ from the U.S. to Canada? Mexico? South Africa?
Review your worksheet questions from the video Race: The Power of an Illusion.
What is the difference between prejudice, discrimination and racism?
How does race differ from ethnicity? What are the primary markers of ethnicity?
Why do people change their ethnic identity over time?
What is ethnogenesis? When does it occur? Why
Define pan-ethnicity. Why do disparate groups join together in a common identity?
What is the difference between ethnic re-identification and symbolic ethnicity?
How does a transnational identity differ from a reactive minority identity?
What is the difference between an ethnoburb and a heterolocal settlement?
What is ancestry based on? What is the most common ancestry in the U.S.?
Migration
Define migration. How does emigration differ from immigration?
Geog 120-04 Exam 2 ~ Study Guide Spring 2018
Explain the process of streams and counterstreams in voluntary migration. What is an intervening obstacle?
What are the major types of Push Factors driving people away from their homes?
What were/are some of the major Pull Factors attracting people to the United States?
Compare and contrast the three main concepts (Anglo conformity, Melting Pot, and Multiculturalism) of
the Americanization of immigrants.
Approximately how many migrants came to the U.S. from Europe from 1820-2015? Asia? Latin America?
Describe each of the following migration theories:
1) Neo-Classical
2) New Economics of Migration
3) Dual Market
4) World Systems
What is “chain migr ...
Social Stratification: Class, Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and SexChristina Sookdeo
Defining social stratification and discussing it's most common divisions such as race, class, gender, ethnicity, and sex. Also looks at the impact each has on education.
SOC 101 Social ProblemsInstructor Peggy RobertsWriting Ass.docxjensgosney
SOC 101: Social Problems
Instructor: Peggy Roberts
Writing Assignments:
Due Dates: Feb 3rd and Feb 17th
Using: Finsterbusch, K. (2012). Taking sides- Clashing views on social issues (15th –extended edition). Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hall
For the two writing assignment you will select four current different journal articles, that appeal to you the most about issues related to social problems from the required text- Taking Sides. The papers should be at least six pages long, but not more than seven. (1 Cover page, 4/5 body of the paper, and a 1 reference page = 6/7 pages). All papers must be typed and follow APA writing requirements. Guidelines for using APA format will be posted on Bb.
You must select different ones for each assignment due. All references must be cited according to APA style.
The paper must follow APA format. You must have a title page and a reference page. A minimum of five pages and a maximum of six pages, including a title page and reference page
You must add this rubric to the end of your paper or lose 10 points.
Grading Criteria: 50 points possible
________ On-time (50% reduction for late papers)
________ Title Page: Page header, page number, running head, title, your name, and name of the University. Your name should not be in the running head or page number. (3 points)
________ Summary: Include your initial reaction to the information (10 points), describe what you consider to be important information (10 points), and discuss how you will use the information to expand and strengthen your own attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors about your views (10 points).
_________References: A separate page which had a page number and the heading References is centered on the page double spaced below the page number. Must be complete reference with author or title of article of no author also include date of publication or (n.d.) if there is no date. Include all appropriate information. See your handout for examples. (2 points)
_________ Correct grammar, spelling and APA format (Double Space, Times New Roman, 12 Font). (15 points)
__________ Points /50 Points possible
United States- Prejudice and discrimination against individuals who are (or who are perceived to be) Muslim or Middle EasternTarget- Minority Groups-people who have unequal access to positions of power, prestige, and wealth in society and who tend to be targets of prejudice and discriminationMinority status is not based on numerical representation in society but rather on social status
Minority groups- people who have unequal access to positions of power, prestige, and wealth in a society and who tend to targets of prejudice and discriminations
*
Classification by external appearanceWhy?
Humans beings are the same inside, but they are classified into categories according to external appearance
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Race- people who are believed to share distinct physical characteristics that are deemed socially significantCan You Name A .
Working with Ethnic Diversity in a Pluralistic SocietyHuman di.docxambersalomon88660
Working with Ethnic Diversity in a Pluralistic Society
Human diversity is a significant factor in working with all people. It is not only a determinant of individual and social functioning; it also affects every aspect of practice in human service. Only when human service workers are sensitive to differences among people, knowledgeable about their causes and effects, and skillful in recognizing and working with them will practice be effective. Although dealing with diversity has always been a part of education for practice, its importance has become increasingly obvious in the last half century. his increased awareness has been sparked by major historical changes. he civil rights movement of the 1960s forced into the forefront of U.S. consciousness awareness of the existence of groups of people within the society who, because of their differences, were denied access to many of its benefits and were subject to personal and institutional discrimination. Changes that came as a result of this movement are reflected in laws and institutions, and minority people themselves have learned that as groups they possess strength, can effect social change, and can demand their rights to full participation in society. A second factor is what has been called the “new immigration” of people fleeing from economic and ecological disaster, civil unrest, wars, starvation, lack of opportunity, violence, and oppression. Earlier immigration had, for the most part, been invited and welcomed when the country was young and needed settlers and workers. However, the country is growing older and no longer needs workers, except in those instances where immigrants can be exploited, as in migrant farm or household workers. In spite of its affluence, the United States faces major problems—unemployment, poverty, crime, violence, drugs, and homelessness. Such problems most strongly affect those Working
Levine, Joanne. Working with People: The Helping Process (Page 64). Pearson Education. Kindle Edition.
without a stable place in the social structure, and newcomers are particularly vulnerable. Because of the destructive experiences they have undergone, newcomers may also bring physical and emotional problems, a history of malnutrition, and lack or loss of schooling. We seem to be moving toward a more pluralistic society wherein sharply different ethnic groups exist side by side, sharing in its benefits and enriching it by their diversity. Such changes do not come easily, and there will always be conflict where there are different interest groups and varying loyalties. However, the inherent strength of a democracy lies in its ability to reconcile them. People carry with them down through the generations vestiges of their original ethnicity, but as they are exposed to different cultures, adaptation takes place, and all of the people and institutions involved are changed by the process. History indicates that this adaptation can be successful until and unless populat.
Presentation at Washington State's 24th Annual Students of Color Conference. This workshop was geared for students who wanted to learn about another cultural group other than their own.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Outline
Social Construction of Race
Defining Race and Ethnicity
Minority groups and Racism
Prejudice and Discrimination
Theoretical Approaches
Life Chances
Conflict and Cooperation in Race Relations
3. Social Construction of Race
Race and ethnicity are socially constructed categories
Meanings are created over time
Race is also a means of stratification
19th century shema-3 races
Negroid, Mongoloid, Caucasoid
Modern scientists-there are no “pure” races
4. Race and Ethnicity
Race-social category, based on real or perceived biological
differences between groups of people
Ethnicity-social category based on common language,
religion, nationality, history, or another cultural factor
How do we show our racial/ethnic group membership?
Symbolic ethnicity-enactments of ethnic identity that
occur only on special occasions
Ex.: St. Patrick’s Day
Situational ethnicity-ethnic identity can either be
displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a
given situation
In U.S., if you are non-white you don’t get a chance for
symbolic/situational ethnicity – your ethnicity usually shows
5. Minority groups and Racism
Minority group-members of a social group that’s
systematically denied same access to power and
resources available to the dominant groups of a society
Not necessarily fewer in number
Minority status is not about numbers!! It’s about social
inequalities!
May serve as a master status
Racism-ideology about the superiority of one racial or
ethnic group used to justify inequality
Often rooted in assumption that differences between
groups are genetic
6. Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice-“Pre-judgment”-inflexible attitude about a
group of people rooted in generalizations or
stereotypes
Applied to all members of the group, unlikely to change
unless evidence against it (usually negative)
Discrimination-unequal treatment of individuals
based on their membership in a social group, usually
motivated by prejudice
7. Prejudice and Discrimination
Individual Discrimination-discrimination carried
out by one person against another
Institutional Discrimination-discrimination carried
out systematically by institutions (political, economic,
educational) that affects all members of a group who
come into contact with it
1944-G.I. Bill- advantages were institutionally blocked
for blacks
Loans granted to those only buying in all-white
neighborhoods
8. Why does race still play such a
critical role in society?
Functionalist-Groups have a tendency toward
ethnocentrism and social bonds toward their own
group-can lead them to view other groups unfavorably
Conflict-Struggle for scarce resources drives society.
Split along racial lines. One group is routinely paid less
than others
Ideas like Manifest Destiny helped to justify the taking
of lands from Indians (heathens) and justified killing
them
9. Interactionism
Passing-presenting yourself as a member of a
different racial/ethnic group than you were born into
Light-skinned blacks try to avoid consequences of being
black in a racist society
Occurred via marrying other whites, having no children, using
make-up to lighten skin
“Doing white” still occurs
Bleaching, make-up
10. Race, Ethnicity and Life Chances
Health-Disparities in life expectancy rates of men and
women of different races
Education-High dropout rates are associated with
those from economically disadvantaged and non-
English speaking backgrounds
Among high school dropouts:
11.8%-Whites
14.2%-Blacks
28.4%-Hispanics
11. Work and Life Chances
Work and Income-People of color carry burden of
most difficult jobs
Many minorities in semi-skilled or unskilled
occupations-fill bottom tier of job market
Minorities also compete with each other for those jobs
Class and race often intersect, influencing life chances
In 2001, below poverty level:
7.9% of whites
23.1% of blacks
24.9% of Hispanics
12. Criminal Justice and Life Chances
U.S. population is 69%
white, 13% black, 13%
Hispanic, but 40% of
prisoners are African-
American, 34% are
white, 21% are Hispanic
Half of all hate crimes
related to racial
discrimination; 2/3
targeted towards blacks
13. Race Relations: Conflict
Genocide-deliberate and systematic extermination of a
racial, ethnic, national or cultural group “Ethnic cleansing”
Ex.: Holocaust: 6 million Jews, millions of other
undesirables (Gypsies, people with disabilities, political
enemies, gays, etc…)
Population Transfer-forcible removal of people from
the territory they have occupied
Native Americans forced to move onto Indian
reservations in early 19th century
1838-9:“Trail of Tears”-17,000 Cherokees moved 800 mi.
4,000 people died on the way
14. Race Relations: Conflict
Internal Colonialism-the exploitation of a minority
group within the dominant group’s own borders
Takes form of economic exploitation
Includes physical segregation
Segregation-formal and legal separation of groups by
race
Ex.: Blacks in the American South up to the 1960s
Separate neighborhoods, sections of buses, restaurants, etc…
Separate and unequal
15. Race Relations: Cooperation
Assimilation-the minority group is absorbed into the
mainstream or dominant group
America as “melting pot”
Society becomes more homogenous-immigrants lose
sense of “foreign-ness”
Racial assimilation-minority groups absorbed into
dominant group through intermarriage
Cultural assimilation-minority groups adopting the
dominant group’s culture
May be forced-results in loss of previous cultural identity
16. Race Relations: Cooperation
Pluralism-(multiculturalism)-encourages racial and
ethnic variation within a society
Tolerates and celebrates racial/ethnic identities
America as “salad bowl”
Switzerland-French, German, Italian
1848-constitution makes sure power is shared among all
groups
How can the U.S. gain a more multicultural national
identity?