This document summarizes a research paper on a smart network node based on a hybrid nanogenerator. There are three main types of nanogenerators that can convert ambient energy like mechanical, thermal, or kinetic energy into electrical energy. The researcher built a hybrid nanogenerator with a flag-like construction that combines a solar cell on the bottom and a transparent triboelectric nanogenerator on top. Experiments showed that connecting multiple hybrid nanogenerator units together or increasing the external load resistance increased the output voltage and power, demonstrating its potential use in applications like self-powered sensors and intelligent traffic systems.

1. Smart Network Node Based on
Hybrid Nanogenerator
“Summarization of research paper”
Fatima S.Zaitoun

2. Introduction :
Renewable energy technologies consists of two distinct
processes:
1.Energy Generation(using sources such as solar, wind, and
so on)
2.Converting electricity to chemical energy (for storage)

3. Introduction(cont…)
Nanogenerators :
A device that converts ambient energy (sound, Muscle,
Movement, heat, fluid flow, etc).Typically are three
types:
1.Piezoelectric nanogenerators (uses mechanical energy)
2.Triboelectric nanogenerators (uses friction energy)
3.Pyroelectric nanogenerators (uses fluctuation in temprature)

4. Introduction(Cont…)
Solar Energy
Thermal Energy Electrical Energy

5. Introduction(cont…)
Wind Energy
Wind Turbine:

6. Smart self-powered sensing network
smart sensing system is desirable but challenging as the
conventional devices require an external battery or power
grid :

7. Smart self-powered sensing network
(cont…)
Sensors in many ways, such as:
-Biomedical monitoring
-Touch sensors
-Wearable electronics, and so on

8. Smart self-powered sensing network
(cont…)
For this purpose the researcher built a hybrid NG based on a flag-
like
1- A flag-like construction:
-An (Al) electrode coated on a polypropylene (PP) substrate
-(PTFE) films of 50μm
-Extra channel was created between PTFE film and the Al-electrode

9. Smart self-powered sensing network
(cont…)
2-Demonstration of the hybrid NG as;
solar cell at the bottom, and upper the
transparent flag-like.
After fabrication, following experiments are
implemented with a load resistance of 60MΩ,
and wind speed of 12m/s .

10. Result &Discussion
To measure the performance of the flag-like’ a series of
loading resistors ranged from (10^4-10^8)Ω where the
height of the channel is 5mm, when the external resistance
increases the voltage increases while the output power
first rises and then falls . they found the maximal output
power 6.7μW at load resistance 60MΩ

11. Result &Discussion(cont…)

12. Result &Discussion(cont…)

13. Result &Discussion(cont…)
Prototype of nanogenerator as a kite:
give voltage up to 10V

14. Result &Discussion(cont…)
Effect of number of NG units on output:

15. Result &Discussion(cont…)
Results from hybrid NG:

16. Other application:
Used in the intelligent traffic system,