SLCP
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This document discusses short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) such as black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons. These pollutants have a relatively short lifespan in the atmosphere but a strong warming effect on the climate. The document outlines the sectors that produce various SLCPs like residential burning and transportation that produce black carbon in India. It emphasizes the importance of reducing SLCP emissions through available technologies to mitigate near-term global warming while longer term greenhouse gas reductions are implemented. The document concludes by calling for actions to reduce SLCPs from municipal waste and brick production through technical assistance and changes to production methods.
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The document discusses three major environmental issues in Europe: acid rain in Germany, air pollution in the United Kingdom, and the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine. Acid rain in Germany was caused by vehicle and factory emissions releasing sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere. This resulted in acid rain that damaged forests and buildings and killed wildlife. Germany has taken strong action through emissions laws and alternative energy use to reduce acid rain. Air pollution in the UK was caused by coal burning and vehicle emissions, releasing smoke and smog that damaged plants, wildlife, and human health. Solutions included monitoring air quality and reducing vehicle use. Finally, the Chernobyl nuclear disaster occurred due to reactor defects and poor safety practices, contamin
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3) In 1986, a nuclear disaster at Chernobyl in Ukraine (then part of the Soviet Union) caused radioactive fallout across Europe. It contaminated land, caused health issues and birth defects, and had long-lasting economic impacts.
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In 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine exploded during a safety test, releasing massive radiation. Over 200,000 people evacuated and the exclusion zone remains highly radioactive. The disaster poisoned farmland and increased cancer rates
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The document discusses greenhouse gases and their impact on climate change. It identifies the main greenhouse gases as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, halocarbons and water vapor. It explains the natural and human sources of each gas and how their concentrations in the atmosphere have increased since the industrial revolution due to human activities like burning fossil fuels. It also discusses the uncertainties involved in predicting future climate change and greenhouse gas levels.
Tibor Farago, Honorary professor at St. Istvan University/ former Hungarian c...
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This document discusses several key issues regarding the science-policy interface on climate change:
1) While climate change is unprecedented in scale, there are precedents from other environmental issues that can provide lessons for addressing it.
2) There is already a high level of scientific certainty about many aspects of climate change like human-caused greenhouse gas emissions and warming temperatures to inform policy action.
3) Climate change is a major policy concern because of its impacts across key economic sectors and implications for global development.Global environmental problems
The problems attract worldwide attention K/a Global Environmental Problems.
The top three environmental problems are: (1) Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming (2) Depletion of Ozone and (3) Acid Rain.
Stockholm environment institute (ccac november 2012)
1) Implementing 16 measures to reduce short-lived climate pollutants like black carbon, methane and tropospheric ozone could reduce global warming by 0.5°C by 2050, slowing the rate of near-term warming.
2) Reducing these pollutants through measures like improved cookstoves, landfill gas recovery, and fugitive methane emission controls provides both climate and health benefits, avoiding 2.4 million premature deaths annually globally.
3) Latin America and the Caribbean would see significant benefits from reducing short-lived climate pollutants, including reduced warming of 0.5°C by 2050, avoided crop losses, and 39,000 fewer premature deaths each year
Copenhagen Climate Summit
The Copenhagen Climate Summit will be held from December 7-18, 2009 in Copenhagen, Denmark. 192 countries have signed the climate change convention. The summit will aim to negotiate a successor to the Kyoto Protocol and thrash out agreements on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide and methane, have increased since the industrial revolution and are contributing to global warming. Countries like China and the US are now the top emitters of carbon dioxide.
Air Pollution: A New Approach on Global Warming
In a move to curb pollution from the coal- based
power sector. The Union Ministry of Environment ,Forest and
Climate change(MOEF&CC) had announced new emission
limits for power stations ,both existing and upcoming. The
enhanced pace of developmental activities after industrial
revolution i.e. 18th century and rapid urbanization have resulted
in stress on natural resources and quality of life. Pollution is now
a common place term that our ears are attuned to. We hear
about the various forms of pollution and read about it through
the mass media. Air pollution is one such form that refers to the
contamination of the air, irrespective of indoors or outside. A
physical, biological or chemical alteration to the air in the
atmosphere can be termed as pollution. Thus air pollutants are
substances emitted into the air from an anthropogenic, biogenic,
or geogenic source, that is either not part of natural atmosphere
or is present in higher concentrations than the natural
atmosphere, and may cause a short term or long term adverse
effect. It occurs when any harmful gases, dust, smoke enters into
the atmosphere and makes it difficult for plants, animals and
humans to survive as the air becomes dirty. A WHO report
released in May 2014 showed that most of Indian cities are death
traps due to very high air pollution levels. The urban air quality
database of WHO, covering 1600 cities across 91 countries
showed that Indian cities are among those with highest levels of
(Particulate Matter) PM 10 and PM 2.5 and less. Black carbon is
also a kind of particulate matter, responsible for global warming.
Impact of Greenhouse Gases on Climate Policy
This work is done as a part of degree requirement in Spring 2017. The author was pursuing MS in Environmental Engineering Sciences at University of Florida during the making of this project.
Global warming and greenhouse gases
Global warming is long-term rise in the average temperature of the earth’s climate system. It is a major aspect of current climate change, and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements of various effects of the warming. The term commonly refers to the human caused increase in global surface temperatures. Although there prehistoric phases of global warming, but observed changes since the mid 20th century have been much greater than previous records covering decades to thousands of years.
Amamda and robert air pollution and ozone ppt
Here are multiple choice samples from past AP Environmental Science exams:
1998 Exam:
1. Which of the following best describes the greenhouse effect?
A) Gases in the atmosphere allow visible light to pass through but absorb infrared radiation, warming the lower atmosphere.
B) Gases in the atmosphere absorb all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, trapping heat near the surface of the Earth.
C) Gases in the atmosphere reflect most visible light and infrared radiation back into space, preventing warming of the lower atmosphere.
D) Gases in the atmosphere allow most infrared radiation to pass through into space, preventing significant warming of the lower atmosphere.
E) Gases in the atmosphere absorb visible light but allow most infrared radiation to
Protecting the atmosphere
The document discusses the ozone layer, how it protects Earth from UV radiation, and how it has been depleted by man-made chemicals like CFCs. It describes the discovery of the ozone layer and the Antarctic ozone hole. The Montreal Protocol was created in 1987 to phase out the production of ozone-depleting substances and has been amended over time to accelerate this process. The consequences of ozone depletion include increased skin cancer and other health issues as well as harm to ecosystems.
Climate Change and Ozone Loss
The document summarizes key concepts about climate change and the ozone layer. It discusses how human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation have increased greenhouse gas levels and global temperatures over the past century. It also explains how certain chemicals released into the atmosphere deplete the stratospheric ozone layer, increasing health and environmental risks. A variety of international efforts aim to reduce emissions and protect the ozone.
Global environmental issuses
This document discusses environmental issues caused by population growth, industrialization, urbanization, and modern lifestyle changes. It identifies four major global problems: global warming, acid rain, depletion of the ozone layer, and provides background information on each of these issues, including their causes and effects. Greenhouse gases from human activities are the main driver of global warming, while acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from burning fossil fuels. Ozone depletion is largely due to chlorofluorocarbons released into the atmosphere.
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SLCP
- 1. SLCPs
- 2. SLCP – A Danger To Mankind A report on the dangers that SLCPs pose to mankind and some useful solutions to tackle it’s growth and spread.
- 3. WHAT ARE SLCPs ? Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) are agents that have relatively short lifetime in the atmosphere - a few days to a few decades - and a warming influence on climate. The main short lived climate pollutants are: Black carbon Methane Tropospheric ozone Hydroflourocarbons
- 4. BLACK CARBON Black carbon create thick winter haze that hugs the southern foothills of the Himalayas & this haze warms the atmosphere and may contribute to rising regional temperatures, melting glaciers. While CO2 is the primary culprit, recent studies suggest that black carbon (BC) may play as large a role in warming the HKHT region
- 5. Satellite picture showing Winter Haze over India.
- 6. Transport, 21% Industry, 15% Open Burning, 24% Residential, 40% SECTORIAL EMISSIONS OF BLACK CARBONS IN INDIA
- 7. METHANE Emissions from fossil fuel production — specifically methane released from oil and gas wells and coal mines — accounts for nearly half as much again near-term warming as combustion itself. As global fossil fuel production and use expands, vented and leaked methane will exacerbate the CO2 Fortunately, technology fixes to reduce methane emissions abound.
- 10. TROPOSPHERIC OZONE Tropospheric ozone (O3) is the ozone present in the lowest portion of the atmosphere (up to 10- 15km above the ground). It is responsible for a large part of the human enhancement of the global greenhouse effect. It is formed by sunlight-driven oxidation of other agents in particular methane (CH4)
- 11. HYDROFLOUROCARBONS HFCs are man-made greenhouse gases used in air conditioning, refrigeration, solvents, foam blowing agents, and aerosols Though they represent a small fraction of the current total greenhouse gases, their warming impact is particularly strong and, if left unchecked, HFCs could account for nearly 20 % of climate pollution by 2050.
- 13. Why Dealing With SLCPs is Important ? SLCPs represent as much as a 33% increases in average global temperature. Due to their short lifetimes, actions to reduce emissions of short-lived climate pollutants will quickly lower their atmospheric concentrations. Action on SCLPs can help buy time in addressing the more important and longer-term greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
- 14. THE ACTIONS REQUIRED Mitigating SLCPs from the Municipal Solid Waste Sector Through technical assistance, training, capacity building, & awareness-raising Mitigating Black Carbon and Other Pollutants From Brick Production Technology is available.
- 15. FEW ACTUAL CASES
- 18. “ ” Our environment, the world in which we live and work, is a mirror of our attitudes and expectations. Earl Nightingale Enough Is Said…. Let’s Act On These To Have A Green Earth And A Clear Sky!
- 19. Thank You