The document discusses skin cancer, including its types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that skin cancer begins in the epidermis and there are three main types - basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun is the primary cause of skin cancer. Risk factors include light skin, sun exposure, and family history. Diagnosis involves biopsies, while treatment depends on the cancer type and can include excision or removal.
Objective :
1 - compare between malignant and benign tumors.
2 - describe the stages and grading of tumor .
3 - describe dysplasia to carcinoma .
4 – list the different type of malignant adenoma in colon .
5 – what is metastasis and how it spread and the common sites of the metastasis adenocarcinoma in the colon .
6 - describe the CEA .
by asem shadid
MBBS 2nd Year Pathology - Neoplasia : IntroductionNida Us Sahr
Chapter 7 (Neoplasia) from Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (9th Edition) for MBBS 2nd Year.
After going through this presentation, it will be easy to understand Neoplasia from Robbins.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BENIGN AND MALIGNANT NEOPLASM (CANCER)Syeda Maryam
NEOPLASM, NAMING, Ways to differentiate between BENIGN and MALIGNANT NEOPLASM, Differentiation and ANAPLASIA, FEATURES OF ANAPLASTIC CELLS, DYSPLASIA, Features of DYSPLASTIC cell, LOCAL INVASION, Rate of growth, Malignant Neoplasm , CUT SECTION OF INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF BREAST, Metastasis, Tendency to METASTASIZE, Ways of dissemination of malignant tumours, Seeding within the body , Lymphatic spread , SKIP METASTASES , Haematogenous spread , A LIVER STUDDED WITH METASTATIC CANCER, Summary
Objective :
1 - compare between malignant and benign tumors.
2 - describe the stages and grading of tumor .
3 - describe dysplasia to carcinoma .
4 – list the different type of malignant adenoma in colon .
5 – what is metastasis and how it spread and the common sites of the metastasis adenocarcinoma in the colon .
6 - describe the CEA .
by asem shadid
MBBS 2nd Year Pathology - Neoplasia : IntroductionNida Us Sahr
Chapter 7 (Neoplasia) from Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (9th Edition) for MBBS 2nd Year.
After going through this presentation, it will be easy to understand Neoplasia from Robbins.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BENIGN AND MALIGNANT NEOPLASM (CANCER)Syeda Maryam
NEOPLASM, NAMING, Ways to differentiate between BENIGN and MALIGNANT NEOPLASM, Differentiation and ANAPLASIA, FEATURES OF ANAPLASTIC CELLS, DYSPLASIA, Features of DYSPLASTIC cell, LOCAL INVASION, Rate of growth, Malignant Neoplasm , CUT SECTION OF INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF BREAST, Metastasis, Tendency to METASTASIZE, Ways of dissemination of malignant tumours, Seeding within the body , Lymphatic spread , SKIP METASTASES , Haematogenous spread , A LIVER STUDDED WITH METASTATIC CANCER, Summary
Skin cancer is by far the most common type of cancer. If you have skin cancer, it is important to know which type you have because it affects your treatment options and your outlook (prognosis). If you aren’t sure which type of skin cancer you have, ask your doctor so you can get the right information.
https://indianmedtrip.com/treatments/skin-cancer-treatment-in-india/
All You Need to Know About Melanoma/Skin CancerEPIC Health
It may not be possible to prevent the onset of skin cancer completely, but we can certainly mitigate the risk factors that are within our control. View these slides to know more
Skin Cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells and most often develops on skin exposed to the sun. But this common form of cancer can also occur on areas of your skin not ordinarily exposed to sunlight.
Purpose:
The purpose of this webinar is to spread awareness among the people about skin cancer and it is also one of the most preventable cancers. By sharing facts about the dangers of unprotected sun exposure and encouraging people to check their skin for warning signs, we can and will save lives.
Squamous cell carcinoma of skin | management -all medical aspects.martinshaji
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is a common form of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells that make up the middle and outer layers of the skin. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is usually not life-threatening, though it can be aggressive. Squamous cell carcinomas may appear as flat reddish or brownish patches in the skin, often with a rough, scaly, or crusted surface. They tend to grow slowly and usually occur on sun-exposed areas of the body, such as the face, ears, neck, lips, and backs of the hands.
this is a detailed discussion on the topic
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The unnatural development of skin embryos or
cells is known as skin cancer. Generally, the
growth can be seen in those areas where
either skin is covered or not covered.
According to Kanury Rao, it is the most usual
treated cancer all over the world.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Skin cancer22
1.
2. Surgery is the most common treatment. The doctor may use any of several surgical methods:
3. Simple excision involves cutting out the tumor with a margin of surrounding normal skin to be sure it is completely removed.
4. Cryosurgery (cryo = "cold") freezes and kills the cancer cells. It uses liquid nitrogen, which has a temperature of 196 degrees below zero centigrade. The extreme cold instantly kills the tumor, which falls off like a scab after the area thaws. Cryosurgery itself is painless. However, the treated area may become swollen and painful after it thaws. Cryosurgery is used mainly for small or superficial skin cancers, and to remove precancerous growths.
5. Curettage and electrodessication combines two methods. In one, the doctor uses a curette , a sharp, spoon-shaped instrument, to scoop out the tumor. The area is then treated with electrodessication, applying electrical current produced by a special machine. It controls bleeding, and dehydrates and kills any cancer cells remaining near the edge of tumor area.
6. Micrographic surgery (or Mohs surgery ) attempts to remove all of the tumor and as little surrounding normal tissue as possible. The doctor removes one layer of tumor, and examines it with a microscope. If cancer cells are present he removes another layer, and examines that. The process continues until all cancer cells have been removed.
7. Laser surgery uses the highly focused beam of light from a laser to destroy cancer cells. It is seldom used for cancers that have not grown beyond the outer layer of the skin.
8. Modern ways of doing surgery reduce the amount of scar tissue that forms afterward. Nonetheless, skin cancer surgery will leave a visible scar. Its size usually depends on the size of the cancer and the amount of tissue removed during surgery.
9. Cryosurgery for a small tumor usually leaves a faint, white scar that is barely visible.
10. Treatment of large cancers may require a skin graft to close the defect. Grafting involves removing skin from another part of the body and moving it to the area where the cancer was removed. Scars often fade and become less visible with time.
11. Chemotherapy means treatment with anti-cancer drugs. The treatment for skin cancer often uses anti-cancer drugs in a lotion or cream applied to the skin. This localized , or topical, chemotherapy is for superficial tumors that have not advanced beyond the top layer of the skin. Topical chemotherapy usually does not produce nausea or other body-wide side effects. It does cause redness and inflammation in treated parts of the skin. Systemic chemotherapy also may be given in a pill, injected into a muscle, or intravenous form through a needle in a vein. This body-wide, or systemic, chemotherapy can kill cancer cells that have spread outside the skin. It may cause nausea and other side effects in some individuals. Side effects are common, but can generally be controlled. This treatment is generally used only for metastic cancer
12. Radiation therapy , or radiotherapy, uses a special kind of energy carried by invisible rays or particles to kill cancer cells, or keep them from growing. X-rays are the kind of radiation often used to kill skin cancer. The amounts are much higher than those used in an ordinary mammogram or chest x-ray. This therapy often is used for cancers that occur in areas difficult to treat with surgery, especially in the very elderly, who may be unable to safely undergo surgery. These include cancers on the ears, eyelids, and tip of the nose.
13. Treatment is painless and does not make the body radioactive. Several treatments may be needed to kill all of the cancer cells.
18. Photodynamic therapy uses drugs that collect inside a tumor. The doctor then focuses a special light on the tumor. The light triggers a chemical reaction in the drug that destroys tumor cells, but does not harm surrounding normal tissue.
19. Biological therapy tries to use the body's own natural defenses to attack and destroy cancer cells. It sometimes is called biological response modifier (BRM) therapy or immunotherapy. In one form of biological therapy, disease-fighting white blood cells are removed. The cells are grown in a laboratory and exposed to substances that boost their disease-fighting ability. The activated cells then are injected back into the body to attack the tumor. Biological therapy is used mainly for advanced forms of cancer that cannot be treated with other methods. It is available in clinical trials, studies conducted in medical centers to determine its safety and effectiveness.
21. The most important preventive measure is to avoid excessive exposure to the sun. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in sunlight damages the genetic material DNA in skin cell genes. This increases the risk that a normal cell will start growing abnormally and become cancerous. UV rays also damage the structure of the skin in ways that cause premature skin aging and wrinkling.
22. Prevention must begin in childhood. That's because most people get about 50% of their lifetime sun exposure before age 18.
23. Staying out of the sun, especially between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m., when the strongest UV rays reach Earth's surface.
24. Avoiding both direct sunlight, and sunlight reflected from water, sand and snow. It also can damage the skin.
25. Shielding the skin with tightly knit clothing. Long-sleeved garments made from light fabric can protect the skin in summer and yet be cool and comfortable. Hats with broad brims can shield the face.
26. Using sunscreen. Pick a sunscreen that provides "broad spectrum" protection against both kinds of UV radiation in sunlight, UVA and UVB.
27. People with close relatives who developed malignant melanoma may have inherited a damaged gene that increases their risk. For them, preventive measures and regular skin exams can be especially important.