This document discusses different types of clauses, including independent clauses, dependent clauses, and noun clauses. It notes that a clause contains a subject and verb, and an independent clause forms a complete sentence while a dependent clause does not. A noun clause functions like a noun and can be the subject or object of a sentence. The document provides examples of different types of noun clauses, including those beginning with question words like what, who, when, and whether or if. It also discusses noun clauses introduced by the word "that".

1. NOUN CLAUSES
SITI AYU NUR AIN
HUMAS 1

2. Noun Clauses
A clause is a structure that has a subject and
a verb. There are two kinds of clauses:
independent and dependent.
An independent clause is a main clause and
expresses a complete thought. It is a
sentence.
A dependent clause is not a complete
sentence. It must be part of an independent
clause.

3. • Mary is a student. (independent clause)
• What were you doing? (independent clause)
• What you were doing (dependent clause)
• I saw what you were doing. (dependent clause)
• Where is your book? (independent clause)
• I know where your book is. (dependent clause)

4. Noun Phrase
A phrase is a group of words that doesn’t contain
a subject and verb.
A noun phrase is used as the subject or object in
a sentence.
• This book was published last year. (noun phrase/subject)
• I read this book. (noun phrase/object)

5. Noun Clause
A noun clause has a subject and verb. It is used as the
subject or object in a sentence.
A noun clause is a dependent clause that works like a
noun. You can find it as a subject or object.
• I read what she wrote.
• What she wrote is interesting.
noun clause
noun clause

6. Noun Clauses Beginning with Question Words
Wh- clauses begin with words like who, what, how, whenever, which,
etc.
• I need to explain what a noun clause is.
• I don't know where Mary lives.
• Tell me how old she is.
• First, you need to explain what a noun clause is.
• What is a noun clause?
• Where does Mary live?
• How old is she?
noun clause
questions

7. Questions
What do you do in class?
Where does he work?
What should I do?
Who are they?
What happened?
Noun Clauses
What we do in class is easy.
Where he works is a secret.
I don’t know what you should do.
Mary knows who they are.
She knows what happened.

8. Noun Clauses Beginning with Whether or If
When a Yes/No question is changed to a noun clause,
whether or if is used to introduce the noun clause.
• I don't know whether you have studied noun clauses
before.
• I don't know if you have studied noun clauses before.
• I wonder if it will rain tomorrow.
• I wonder if it will rain tomorrow or not.
• I wonder whether or not Mary went to work yesterday.
• I wonder whether Mary went to work yesterday or not.
• Whether he invites her or not is important.

9. Noun Clauses Beginning with That
• I think that the war will end soon. object of the verb think
• I think the war will end soon.
• I know (that) he will be successful.
• Teachers claim that grammar is fun.
• That Mary studied very hard was obvious to
John.
(That Mary studied very hard) is the subject of the sentence.
• That pollution affects the quality of our lives is obvious.
• It is obvious that pollution affects the quality of our lives.
• That he is still alive is a miracle.
• It is a miracle that he is still alive.

10. Thank you