The document discusses noun clauses, which are sentences used within other sentences to provide more detailed descriptions. It defines noun clauses and lists their common functions, including as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Connectors like "that", "if", and "whether" are used to introduce noun clauses.

2. "NOUN CLAUSES"

3. "NOUN CLAUSES"
"A noun clause is a SENTENCE inside a SENTENCE.
Most of the time, noun clauses are used to give a more
detailed description of the subject or object of a sentence."

5. NOUN =
subject

6. NOUN =
subject
•I
• The
cat
• Austra
lia

7. NOUN =
subject NOUN
•I
• The
cat
• Austra
lia

8. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The
• Horrible
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the

9. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the

10. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the

11. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the

12. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the
VERB =

13. NOUN =
subject NOUN
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
=
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the
VERB =

14. NOUN =
subject NOUN CLAUS
• Everyda
•I
y
• The + • Horrible
=
cat
• A big
• Austra
winner
lia
in the
VERB =

15. NOUN =
subject NOUN CLAUS
• Everyda
•I • I work everyday
y
• The + • Horrible
= • The cat is
cat horrible
• A big
• Austra • Australia could
winner
lia
in the
VERB =

16. NOUN =
subject NOUN CLAUS
• Everyda
•I • I work everyday
y
• The + • Horrible
= • The cat is
cat horrible
• A big
• Austra • Australia could
winner
lia
in the
It is important to ask yourself two main
questions to classify a "Clause":
VERB = - WHO did the action?
- WHAT is the result of the action?

17. "Connecting NOUN CLAUSES"
The subordinators (connectors) in noun clauses are called NOUN
CLAUSES MARKERS. Here is a list of the noun clause markers:
- that*
- if, whether
- Wh-words: how, what, when, where, which, who, whom,
whose, why
- Wh-ever words: however, whatever, whenever, wherever,
whichever, whoever (informal) = whomever (formal)
* NOTE: Except for that, noun clause markers cannot be
omitted. Only that can be omitted, but it can be omitted
only if it is not the first word in a sentence:

18. SUBJECT Noun Clause
- Noun clauses as subjects of verbs:
That George learned how to swim is a miracle.
Whether Fred can get a better job is not certain.
What Mary said confused her parents.
However you learn to spell is OK with me.
Subject Noun Clause + verb + Object

19. DIRECT OBJECT Noun Clause
- Noun clauses as direct objects of verbs:
We didn’t know that Billy would jump.
Can you tell me if Fred is here?
I don’t know where he is.
George eats whatever is on his plate.
Subject + verb + Object Noun Clause

20. SUBJECT COMPLEMENT Noun Clause
- Noun clauses as subject complement:
The truth was that the moving company lost all your furniture.
My question is whether you will sue the company for losses.
The first place winner will be whoever swims the farthest in an
hour.
Subject + verb + Object Noun Clause

21. INDIRECT OBJECT Noun Clause
- Noun clauses as indirect objects:
The judge will give what you asked for during the hearing.
The group has given that Cristobal needed for the Noche
Mexicana all the money.
My parents gave that my brother wants his own car much thought.
Subject + verb + indirect object noun clause + object
Examples of ditransitive verbs: pass, give read

22. OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION Noun Clause
- Noun clauses as object of a preposition:
Some people believe in whatever organized religion tells them.
We have been waiting for whoever will pick us up from the party.
My husband did not think about that I wanted some nice jewelry for
my birthday.
Subject + verb + preposition + object noun clause