What are the Gears ,Tools and How we maintaning Such Systems to pass Trains Safely From Uor Sections.

1. JUSTIFICATION Change of Cadre of Maintainers of S&T Department

2. When Interlocking first was first introduced in India during 1879 it was first Indirect type using Mechanical Key. This was followed by Direct Type Interlocking with Lever Frame which are actually mechanical logical gates . They were vary robust and a typical way side station will consist of these gates weighing approximately 5 tons of steel. Development of electrical Relay and Power Supply has evolved a relay based Interlocking over the years. With the advent of fail safe technique ‘ microprocessor’ were used for Interlocking application and has proved as a substitute to Relay Interlocking with added benefit . Thus the purely Mechanical Signaling of 50’s slowly made way to Power Signaling followed by Route Relay Interlocking and Panel Interlocking . Latest Solid State Interlocking with Data loggers and other advance Techniques.

3. The technical up gradation in the Signaling System is not limited to a particular section and are more rapid within these 10 to 15 years. The Evaluation of the sealed maintenance free Batteries (VRLA) are replacing Lead Acid Cells.Introduction of Integrated Power Supply (IPS), Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) with the help of VRLA Batt., supports Signaling Systems to face power Supply Crises vary effectively. On the Telecommunication front it saw the emergence of Electronic Exchanges from the manual types.T43 Trunk board giving way to EPBAX. Overhead alignment of Optic fiber System . 17 Impulses way station equipment to vary powerful Solid State Control Communication Equipment . From simple walkie talkie sets to mobile communication and analogue microwave by Digital Microwave equipment .

5. INTERLOCKING EARLY 50’S DIRECT TYPE INTERLOCKING ( LEAVER FRAME ,LOGIC GATES-ROBUST AND CONTAINS MINIMUM OF 3 TONES OF STEEL ) ELECTRO MECHANICAL INTERLOCKINGS LEAVER LOCK, CKT. CONTROLLER, REVERCERS AT PRESENT` Purely Electrical Interlocking RRI, PI NEXT FUTURE SOLID STATE INTERLOCKING

6. NOW AND FUTURE 1N 50’S IN 90’S Up gradation In Signal SEMAPHORE ARM SIGNALING , DOUBLE WIRE MECHANISM, REVERSERS, MECH.CRANKS COLOUR LIGHT SIGNALING, DOUBLE FILAMENT LAMPS ON & OFF ECR ADJUSTMENT DOUBLE FILAMENT LAMP WITH MECR RELAY, LED SIGNALS

8. Up gradation In Track Circuit TREDLES AND LOCKBARS FOR TRAIN DETECTION DC TRACK CIRCUITS WITH SHEL TYPE RELAYS. SIEMEN’S SINGLE RAIL, DOUBLE RAIL AC 3PHASE POWER SUPPLY TRACK CKT AFTC, DIGITAL AXLE COUNTERS PAST NOW

10. POINT MECHANISM MECHANICAL POINTS ELECTRO-MECHNICAL POINT MACHINE ELECTRICALLY OPERATED POINT MACHINE LIVER CONTROLLED CABLE OPERATED POINTS PUSH BUTTON CONTROLLED CABLE OPERATED POINTS RODING OPERATED POINTS

16. Data logger Evaluator Connections of Relay Contacts and Interface Cards Assembly

17. A TYPICAL P.I. RELAY ROOM OF WAY SIDE STATION(NERAL,C.R. MUM. DIV.)

18. IN RELAY ROOM S&T SAFF HAS TO KEEP CONSTANT VIGIL OF THOUSANDS OF RELAY CONTACT FOR THE SAFE PASSAGE OF TRAIN

19. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM K- BOARD, CONNECTIONS BETWEEN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR SIG. EQUIPMENTS

20. POWER SUPPLY ROOM AND POWER SUPPLY EQUIPMENT TO BE LOOK AFTER BY SIGNAL TECHNITIAN

21. EVALUATOR UNIT OF S.E.L. AXLE COUNTER, MONITORS ENTRY & EXIST OF TRAIN BY COUNTING THE AXLE OF THE TRAIN,WHICH IN TURN MONITORED BY SIGNAL TECHNITIAN FOR ITS HEALTHY WORKING FOR SAFETY OF TRAFFIC

22. MEASERING EQUIPT. AND DIFF. RELAYS PHASE ANGLE METER EARTH LEAKAGE METER TRACK RELAY TIMER RELAY AFTC EVALUATOR

23. SPECIAL SPANNER FOR HANDELLING DELICATE EQUIPMENT FITTING SUCH AS AXLE COUNTER TRACK DIVICES DIGITAL MULTIMETER

24. FUSE RACK AND DIFFERENT SUPPLY BUSBAR 110V AC OR DC, 24 V AC OR DC OR FLASHING

25. A WHOLE TRAIN MAY DIVERT FROM ONE RAILWAY TRACK TO ANOTHR BY JUST OPERATION OF TWO POINT BUTTONS FROM PANEL ONLY

26. DUEL BANK BATT. CHARGER WITH MAINT FREE BATT. BANKS . BUT REQUIRE FREQUENT ADDITION OF DISTILLED WATER FOR PROPER FUNCTIONIG. THIS IS DONE REGULARLY BY SIGNAL TECHNITIAN

27. IMPORTED DIGITAL AXLE COUNTER (ALKATEL)

28. ADJUSTMENT OF AXLE COUNTER REQUIRE TECHNICAL & INTELECTUAL ATTENTION RATHER THAN PHYSICAL STRAIN.

29. TESTING KIT TRACK DIVICE. RECEIVER TRANMETER TEST WHEEL

30. SIGNALLING TECHNITIAN HAS TO SPENT FIVE TO EIGHT HOURS OF DUTY IN HIS SECTION IN ALL SEASON DAILY WITH TAKING CARE OF HIMSELF AND HIS STAFF SAFETY ALONE

31. ROUTINE MAINTANANCE EQUIPMENTS POINT MOTOR, POINT RODDINGS AND FITTINGS THEIR SETTING AND LUBRICATION

32. ROUTINE MAINTANANCE EQUIPMENTS SIGNALS, TRACK SIDE JUNCTION BOXES LOCATIONS AND FITTINGS

34. These all up gradation in signaling system may reduce the Physical strain of the S&T Staff but increases requirement of high level of technical mind set up. Special Instruments are required to note and record different parameters of devices. The requirement in delicate fittings increases rather than heavy Work. Demand for physical skill for connecting different Electrical component such as Transformer wiring, R/Room Wiring may reduced. But! It increases demand for high level intellectual ability to interface with the Electronics and Micro- Processor Circuitry. Require quick disision making mind to Analyze the Outputs and diagnosis the failure of equipments . S & T Staff which has so far proved its relevance to the changing needs of the time and technology are now again on the anvil to prove its ability to face the change in technology.

35. For the New Era it should have cleared picture of attribute of An Idle employee of an S&T Dept. who can make positive Contribution to growth of the Railway in the years to come So that this will effectively serve a reference standard to which All S&T staff are going to mould in new format . Though it will be difficult to steel possible to make a realistic guess and visualize of confidence we can then adopt such a frame work as the long term master goal to be achieved in the future the frame work can be improved and redefined as we pass through Era.