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The document is a PowerPoint presentation about tides. It introduces tides as the periodic rising and falling of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and centrifugal force. There are two types of tides described: spring tides, which occur when the sun and moon are aligned and exert maximum gravitational pull, causing exceptionally high tides; and neap tides, which occur when the sun and moon are at a 90 degree angle, pulling in opposite directions and resulting in very low tides. The document concludes by explaining that tides are caused by the combined gravitational forces of the moon and sun along with the Earth's rotation, and can vary in type and timing in different locations.
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Ocean tides, types and theories
The document discusses ocean tides and their causes. It explains that tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, which create two tidal bulges on Earth. The timing of tides is related to Earth's rotation and the moon's revolution, resulting in a tidal period of about 24 hours and 50 minutes. Tides can be semidiurnal (two high tides and two low tides per day) or diurnal (one of each per day), depending on coastal geography. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when gravitational forces are strongest, while neap tides happen at quarter moons with weaker forces.
Tides
The document discusses the causes and patterns of ocean tides. Tides are produced by the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun and the centrifugal force of the Earth-Moon system. These forces create two tidal bulges in the oceans that move around the Earth as it rotates, resulting in two high tides and two low tides each day. Additional factors like the shapes of coastlines and ocean basins can cause the timing and sizes of tides to vary in complex ways.
Tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun interacting with Earth's oceans, which creates two bulges of water that result in two high tides and two low tides each day. The changing positions and distances of the moon and sun relative to Earth cause variations in tide heights and times. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides, while neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in lower tides.
Tides
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of ocean water levels caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. The dominant force is the moon, as it is closer to Earth. This causes bulges in the ocean on opposite sides of Earth called high tides, with low tides occurring between them. The periodic rise and fall happens twice each day. Tidal ranges vary depending on the positions of the Earth, moon, and sun, causing spring tides with the largest ranges or neap tides with minimum ranges.
Tides
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of water levels in the sea. They are caused primarily by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and the centrifugal force due to Earth's rotation. There are two main types of tides: spring tides and neap tides. Spring tides occur twice a month during new and full moons when the sun, Earth, and moon are aligned, resulting in higher high tides and lower low tides. Neap tides occur during the first and third quarters of the moon when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle, resulting in minimum tide ranges.
Waves, currents, tides
Waves are caused by wind blowing across water, forming crests and troughs. Currents are streams of water that flow continuously through the oceans in a specific direction, caused by the movement of the Earth and winds. Tides are rises and falls of ocean water caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon, which causes two bulges of water each day as the Earth rotates.
Tides (Coyle)
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the Earth's oceans. This creates bulges of water on opposite sides of the Earth that result in regular rises and falls of sea level called tides. The moon has a stronger influence than the sun due to its closer proximity. Tides are strongest in coastal areas and weakest in the open ocean. There are typically two high tides and two low tides each day, known as semidiurnal tides, though some locations only experience one of each, called diurnal tides.
Movements of ocean water
There are three main types of ocean water movements: waves, tides, and ocean currents. Waves are caused by wind moving over the water surface and move water horizontally towards and away from coasts. Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon, occurring once or twice per day. Ocean currents constantly flow in definite paths and directions, and can be warm or cold currents depending on the temperature of the region they originate from.
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Ocean tides, types and theories
The document discusses ocean tides and their causes. It explains that tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, which create two tidal bulges on Earth. The timing of tides is related to Earth's rotation and the moon's revolution, resulting in a tidal period of about 24 hours and 50 minutes. Tides can be semidiurnal (two high tides and two low tides per day) or diurnal (one of each per day), depending on coastal geography. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when gravitational forces are strongest, while neap tides happen at quarter moons with weaker forces.
Tides
The document discusses the causes and patterns of ocean tides. Tides are produced by the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun and the centrifugal force of the Earth-Moon system. These forces create two tidal bulges in the oceans that move around the Earth as it rotates, resulting in two high tides and two low tides each day. Additional factors like the shapes of coastlines and ocean basins can cause the timing and sizes of tides to vary in complex ways.
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Tides are caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun interacting with Earth's oceans, which creates two bulges of water that result in two high tides and two low tides each day. The changing positions and distances of the moon and sun relative to Earth cause variations in tide heights and times. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides, while neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in lower tides.
Tides
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of ocean water levels caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. The dominant force is the moon, as it is closer to Earth. This causes bulges in the ocean on opposite sides of Earth called high tides, with low tides occurring between them. The periodic rise and fall happens twice each day. Tidal ranges vary depending on the positions of the Earth, moon, and sun, causing spring tides with the largest ranges or neap tides with minimum ranges.
Tides
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of water levels in the sea. They are caused primarily by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and the centrifugal force due to Earth's rotation. There are two main types of tides: spring tides and neap tides. Spring tides occur twice a month during new and full moons when the sun, Earth, and moon are aligned, resulting in higher high tides and lower low tides. Neap tides occur during the first and third quarters of the moon when the sun and moon form a 90 degree angle, resulting in minimum tide ranges.
Waves, currents, tides
Waves are caused by wind blowing across water, forming crests and troughs. Currents are streams of water that flow continuously through the oceans in a specific direction, caused by the movement of the Earth and winds. Tides are rises and falls of ocean water caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon, which causes two bulges of water each day as the Earth rotates.
Tides (Coyle)
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the Earth's oceans. This creates bulges of water on opposite sides of the Earth that result in regular rises and falls of sea level called tides. The moon has a stronger influence than the sun due to its closer proximity. Tides are strongest in coastal areas and weakest in the open ocean. There are typically two high tides and two low tides each day, known as semidiurnal tides, though some locations only experience one of each, called diurnal tides.
Movements of ocean water
There are three main types of ocean water movements: waves, tides, and ocean currents. Waves are caused by wind moving over the water surface and move water horizontally towards and away from coasts. Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon, occurring once or twice per day. Ocean currents constantly flow in definite paths and directions, and can be warm or cold currents depending on the temperature of the region they originate from.
Tides and its significance
The document discusses tides, which are the regular rise and fall of ocean water levels caused by the gravitational forces of the sun and moon. It describes the different types of tides, including semidiurnal and mixed tides. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when sun and moon forces align to produce higher tides, while neap tides occur during half moons and have lower ranges. The dynamic tidal theory explains how factors like ocean basins, Coriolis forces, and friction influence tidal patterns. Tides are significant as they transport sediments, mix waters in estuaries, and can be harnessed for tidal power generation.
010 tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the Earth's oceans. This causes two high tides and two low tides each day as the Earth rotates. The difference between high and low tides is known as the tidal range, which varies depending on the positions of the moon and sun. Spring tides occur during a full moon or new moon when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides and greatest tidal range. Neap tides occur during half moons when the sun and moon are at right angles, producing the lowest tides and smallest tidal range.
Tides (Geology)
Tides are caused by the gravitational interactions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. The Moon's gravity pulls more strongly on the side of Earth facing the Moon, creating tidal bulges in the ocean. When these bulges are closest to coastal areas, high tide occurs, and when they are furthest away, low tide occurs. The Sun also affects tides. Spring tides occur during a full or new moon when the Sun and Moon are aligned, creating higher high tides and lower low tides. Neap tides occur when the Sun and Moon are at right angles, resulting in weaker tides. Most places experience two high and two low tides each day.
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The moon has a greater tidal effect than the sun. The Bay of Fundy has the greatest tidal range in the world, with tides over 50 feet. A neap tide occurs during the first and third quarter moon phases and produces more moderate tides. A tidal bore is created when an incoming high tide forms a wall of water that moves upriver in some low-lying rivers.
Tides
This document defines tides and discusses theories about their generation and types. It introduces the equilibrium and dynamic theories of tides, which explain tides through the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. It describes different types of tides, including spring tides during a full or new moon, neap tides during quarter phases, and rare proxigean spring tides when the moon is closest to Earth. The document also briefly discusses harnessing tidal energy and provides references used.
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Tides are caused by the differential gravitational forces of the moon and sun on the Earth. This results in two bulges in the ocean on opposite sides of the Earth, creating two high tides and two low tides per day. The highest tides occur during spring tides at new and full moons when the gravitational forces add, while the lowest tides occur during neap tides at half moons when the forces compete. Tides vary in type depending on the moon's declination, with semidiurnal tides occurring most frequently. Local geographic features also influence tide heights and times.
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Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun on the oceans as well as the centrifugal force from the Earth's rotation. High tides occur where the moon is overhead, while low tides happen 90 degrees away, and both the moon and sun's gravitational pulls contribute to the regular rising and falling of sea levels, though the moon has a greater effect being closer to Earth.
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The document discusses the causes and patterns of ocean tides. It explains that tides are caused by the gravitational interactions between the Earth, Moon, and Sun. This results in two high tides and two low tides each day, known as semidiurnal tides. Spring tides occur during full moons and new moons when the gravitational forces are strongest, while neap tides occur during quarter moons when the forces are weakest. The Bay of Fundy experiences some of the largest tides in the world, with spring tides reaching over 15 meters high.
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Waves are characterized by their height, wavelength, and period. Wave height is the vertical distance between crests and troughs, wavelength is the horizontal distance between two crests or troughs, and period is the time it takes for one full wave to pass a fixed position. Fetch, the distance wind blows over open water, increases both wave height and steepness as wind transfers energy to water. Tides are regular changes in ocean elevation caused by gravitational forces from the moon and sun, with spring tides having the greatest range and neap tides having a lesser range every two weeks.
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The document provides information about tides, including what causes tides, the different types of tides, and tidal cycles. It discusses how the gravitational pull of the moon and sun cause tidal bulges in the oceans that result in high and low tides as the earth rotates through these bulges. Most coastal areas experience semi-diurnal tides with two high and two low tides each day, but some locations have diurnal or mixed tides. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned to produce higher high tides and lower low tides, while neap tides have a smaller tidal range.
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The document discusses the major types of ocean water movements: waves, tides, and ocean currents. Waves and currents are horizontal movements caused by wind and other forces, while tides are vertical movements caused by gravitational forces from the sun and moon. Key points covered include the causes and impacts of each type of movement, such as how tides are important for navigation and fisheries and currents influence climate. Ocean movements play a crucial role in distributing heat around the planet.
2. Tide Notes
Tides are long period waves in the oceans caused by the gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon. High tide occurs when the crest of the tidal wave reaches a location, while low tide is when the trough arrives. Flood tides bring water inland from the coasts at high tide, while ebb tides carry water back out to sea at low tide. The Moon has a stronger tidal influence than the Sun due to its closer proximity to Earth. This causes two high tides and two low tides each day as the Earth rotates through the tidal bulges created by the Moon's gravity.
The Movement Of Water On Earth1
The document summarizes three ways that water can be moved on Earth: waves, currents, and tides. Waves are caused by wind moving across water and come in the form of crests and troughs, including tsunamis from earthquakes or landslides. Currents are streams of water that flow through the ocean due to the movement of the Earth, winds, and rotation, transporting warm and cold water to different regions. Tides are rises and falls in sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon, which bulges the ocean facing it, resulting in high and low tides about twice a day.
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Gravity plays a key role in many natural phenomena. It holds planets, stars, and galaxies together through gravitational attraction. On Earth, gravity causes ocean tides as the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun attract the oceans. This creates two high tides each day as the Moon and Sun's positions change. The highest tides occur during a full moon or new moon when the Moon, Earth, and Sun are aligned, magnifying their gravitational effects in what are called spring tides.
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Ocean currents are driven by factors like the sun, wind, gravity and the Coriolis effect. Warm currents flow away from the equator while cold currents flow toward it. Surface currents are caused by wind patterns and form circular ocean gyres, while deep water currents are driven by differences in water density related to temperature and salinity. Major currents like the Gulf Stream transport heat around the oceans and influence global climate patterns.
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Tides are the rising and falling of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun and the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation. The moon has the strongest influence due to its closer proximity. This creates bulges in the ocean that result in two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours and 50 minutes. Spring tides occur at new and full moons when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned, creating higher tides. Neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in smaller differences between high and low tides.
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The document summarizes key concepts about motion in the ocean including waves, tides, and currents. It describes how waves are caused by wind and other disturbances, and the characteristics of different types of waves like chop, swell, and tsunamis. It explains how tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon, and details the differences between spring, neap, perigeal, and apogee tides. It also discusses the causes and effects of various surface and deep ocean currents like the Gulf Stream and how the Coriolis effect influences their direction of flow.
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Ocean circulation is driven by two main forces - gravitation and solar radiation. Surface currents are influenced by global wind patterns and the Coriolis effect, forming large gyres in each ocean basin. Deep ocean circulation, called thermohaline circulation, is driven by differences in water density from temperature and salinity changes. It involves slow movement of deep water masses and accounts for 90% of ocean water movement. Major currents include the Gulf Stream and Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
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Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and the rotation of the Earth. The moon's gravity pulls the ocean waters closest to it, creating high tides, while the furthest waters experience low tides. Spring tides occur when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned, producing the largest difference between high and low tides, while neap tides happen at a right angle and have smaller tidal ranges.
010 tides
Tides are caused by the combined effects of the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun and the centrifugal force as the Earth rotates. This results in two high tides and two low tides each day, with the tidal ranges varying in a monthly cycle from spring tides with the highest ranges to neap tides with the lowest ranges, depending on the relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Tidal patterns differ around the world depending on location.
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Tides and its significance
The document discusses tides, which are the regular rise and fall of ocean water levels caused by the gravitational forces of the sun and moon. It describes the different types of tides, including semidiurnal and mixed tides. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when sun and moon forces align to produce higher tides, while neap tides occur during half moons and have lower ranges. The dynamic tidal theory explains how factors like ocean basins, Coriolis forces, and friction influence tidal patterns. Tides are significant as they transport sediments, mix waters in estuaries, and can be harnessed for tidal power generation.
010 tides
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the Earth's oceans. This causes two high tides and two low tides each day as the Earth rotates. The difference between high and low tides is known as the tidal range, which varies depending on the positions of the moon and sun. Spring tides occur during a full moon or new moon when the sun and moon are aligned, producing the highest tides and greatest tidal range. Neap tides occur during half moons when the sun and moon are at right angles, producing the lowest tides and smallest tidal range.
Tides (Geology)
Tides are caused by the gravitational interactions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. The Moon's gravity pulls more strongly on the side of Earth facing the Moon, creating tidal bulges in the ocean. When these bulges are closest to coastal areas, high tide occurs, and when they are furthest away, low tide occurs. The Sun also affects tides. Spring tides occur during a full or new moon when the Sun and Moon are aligned, creating higher high tides and lower low tides. Neap tides occur when the Sun and Moon are at right angles, resulting in weaker tides. Most places experience two high and two low tides each day.
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The moon has a greater tidal effect than the sun. The Bay of Fundy has the greatest tidal range in the world, with tides over 50 feet. A neap tide occurs during the first and third quarter moon phases and produces more moderate tides. A tidal bore is created when an incoming high tide forms a wall of water that moves upriver in some low-lying rivers.
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This document defines tides and discusses theories about their generation and types. It introduces the equilibrium and dynamic theories of tides, which explain tides through the gravitational forces of the moon and sun. It describes different types of tides, including spring tides during a full or new moon, neap tides during quarter phases, and rare proxigean spring tides when the moon is closest to Earth. The document also briefly discusses harnessing tidal energy and provides references used.
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Tides are caused by the differential gravitational forces of the moon and sun on the Earth. This results in two bulges in the ocean on opposite sides of the Earth, creating two high tides and two low tides per day. The highest tides occur during spring tides at new and full moons when the gravitational forces add, while the lowest tides occur during neap tides at half moons when the forces compete. Tides vary in type depending on the moon's declination, with semidiurnal tides occurring most frequently. Local geographic features also influence tide heights and times.
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Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and sun on the oceans as well as the centrifugal force from the Earth's rotation. High tides occur where the moon is overhead, while low tides happen 90 degrees away, and both the moon and sun's gravitational pulls contribute to the regular rising and falling of sea levels, though the moon has a greater effect being closer to Earth.
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The document discusses the causes and patterns of ocean tides. It explains that tides are caused by the gravitational interactions between the Earth, Moon, and Sun. This results in two high tides and two low tides each day, known as semidiurnal tides. Spring tides occur during full moons and new moons when the gravitational forces are strongest, while neap tides occur during quarter moons when the forces are weakest. The Bay of Fundy experiences some of the largest tides in the world, with spring tides reaching over 15 meters high.
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Waves are characterized by their height, wavelength, and period. Wave height is the vertical distance between crests and troughs, wavelength is the horizontal distance between two crests or troughs, and period is the time it takes for one full wave to pass a fixed position. Fetch, the distance wind blows over open water, increases both wave height and steepness as wind transfers energy to water. Tides are regular changes in ocean elevation caused by gravitational forces from the moon and sun, with spring tides having the greatest range and neap tides having a lesser range every two weeks.
theory of oceanography
The document provides information about tides, including what causes tides, the different types of tides, and tidal cycles. It discusses how the gravitational pull of the moon and sun cause tidal bulges in the oceans that result in high and low tides as the earth rotates through these bulges. Most coastal areas experience semi-diurnal tides with two high and two low tides each day, but some locations have diurnal or mixed tides. Spring tides occur during new and full moons when the sun and moon are aligned to produce higher high tides and lower low tides, while neap tides have a smaller tidal range.
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The document discusses the major types of ocean water movements: waves, tides, and ocean currents. Waves and currents are horizontal movements caused by wind and other forces, while tides are vertical movements caused by gravitational forces from the sun and moon. Key points covered include the causes and impacts of each type of movement, such as how tides are important for navigation and fisheries and currents influence climate. Ocean movements play a crucial role in distributing heat around the planet.
2. Tide Notes
Tides are long period waves in the oceans caused by the gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon. High tide occurs when the crest of the tidal wave reaches a location, while low tide is when the trough arrives. Flood tides bring water inland from the coasts at high tide, while ebb tides carry water back out to sea at low tide. The Moon has a stronger tidal influence than the Sun due to its closer proximity to Earth. This causes two high tides and two low tides each day as the Earth rotates through the tidal bulges created by the Moon's gravity.
The Movement Of Water On Earth1
The document summarizes three ways that water can be moved on Earth: waves, currents, and tides. Waves are caused by wind moving across water and come in the form of crests and troughs, including tsunamis from earthquakes or landslides. Currents are streams of water that flow through the ocean due to the movement of the Earth, winds, and rotation, transporting warm and cold water to different regions. Tides are rises and falls in sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the Moon, which bulges the ocean facing it, resulting in high and low tides about twice a day.
2 - 3 ocean tides - low & high
Gravity plays a key role in many natural phenomena. It holds planets, stars, and galaxies together through gravitational attraction. On Earth, gravity causes ocean tides as the gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun attract the oceans. This creates two high tides each day as the Moon and Sun's positions change. The highest tides occur during a full moon or new moon when the Moon, Earth, and Sun are aligned, magnifying their gravitational effects in what are called spring tides.
Rc3 ocean currents
Ocean currents are driven by factors like the sun, wind, gravity and the Coriolis effect. Warm currents flow away from the equator while cold currents flow toward it. Surface currents are caused by wind patterns and form circular ocean gyres, while deep water currents are driven by differences in water density related to temperature and salinity. Major currents like the Gulf Stream transport heat around the oceans and influence global climate patterns.
Tides
Tides are the rising and falling of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun and the centrifugal force of the Earth's rotation. The moon has the strongest influence due to its closer proximity. This creates bulges in the ocean that result in two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours and 50 minutes. Spring tides occur at new and full moons when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned, creating higher tides. Neap tides happen when the sun and moon are at right angles, resulting in smaller differences between high and low tides.
Waves, tides, and currents revised
The document summarizes key concepts about motion in the ocean including waves, tides, and currents. It describes how waves are caused by wind and other disturbances, and the characteristics of different types of waves like chop, swell, and tsunamis. It explains how tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon, and details the differences between spring, neap, perigeal, and apogee tides. It also discusses the causes and effects of various surface and deep ocean currents like the Gulf Stream and how the Coriolis effect influences their direction of flow.
Ocean circulation
Ocean circulation is driven by two main forces - gravitation and solar radiation. Surface currents are influenced by global wind patterns and the Coriolis effect, forming large gyres in each ocean basin. Deep ocean circulation, called thermohaline circulation, is driven by differences in water density from temperature and salinity changes. It involves slow movement of deep water masses and accounts for 90% of ocean water movement. Major currents include the Gulf Stream and Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
Maz Kenz
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun and the rotation of the Earth. The moon's gravity pulls the ocean waters closest to it, creating high tides, while the furthest waters experience low tides. Spring tides occur when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned, producing the largest difference between high and low tides, while neap tides happen at a right angle and have smaller tidal ranges.
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Tides are caused by the combined effects of the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun and the centrifugal force as the Earth rotates. This results in two high tides and two low tides each day, with the tidal ranges varying in a monthly cycle from spring tides with the highest ranges to neap tides with the lowest ranges, depending on the relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Tidal patterns differ around the world depending on location.
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Shehina 1
- 1. WELCOME
- 2. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION Shehina.A Reg.No: 13340020 Social Science F.M.T.C, MYLAPURE
- 3. INTRODUCTION Tides are the periodic wise and fall of water level in the sea. Due to the gravitational pull of the moon the water rises in the area and due to the centrifugal force their water rise in that area the rise of water in these two areas is called high tides.
- 4. REASON • The gravitational attraction exerted on the earth by the sun and the moon. • Centriful force created due to the rotation of the earth.
- 5. TYPES OF TIDE • Spring tide • Neap tide
- 6. SPRING TIDE On these days the moon the earth and the sun come almost in a line. So the moon and the sun exert their combined gravitational pull on the earth. Hence the tides on these days are exceptionally powerful they are called Spring tides.
- 7. NEAP TIDES The and moon attract the earth at 90 angle. When the moon pulls the earth to one side, the sun pulls the earth to the other side, which results in very low tides, they are called Neap tides.
- 8. CONCLUSION Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of the gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and the Sun and the rotation of the Earth. Some shorelines experience two almost equal high tides and two low tides each day, called a semi-diurnal tide. Some locations experience only one high and one low tide each day, called a diurnal tide. Some locations experience two uneven tides a day, or sometimes one high and one low each day; this is called a mixed tide. Tides vary on timescales ranging from hours to years due to numerous influences. To make accurate records, tide gauges at fixed stations measure the water level over time. Gauges ignore variations caused by waves with periods shorter than minutes. These data are compared to the reference (or datum) level usually called mean sea level.
- 9. THANK YOU.