The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cybernetic theory of craniofacial growth /certified fixed orthodontic courses...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cybernetics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Servosystem /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cybernetic theory of craniofacial growth /certified fixed orthodontic courses...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cybernetics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Servosystem /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional appliances philosophy and various studies, servo system theoryIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cybernetics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Functional matrix theory/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cybernetic theory of craniofacial /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Growth relativity hypothesis1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Functional matrix theory /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional matrix theory /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Theories of growth /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
retention complete dentures/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional appliances philosophy and various studies, servo system theoryIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cybernetics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Functional matrix theory/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Cybernetic theory of craniofacial /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Ind...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Growth relativity hypothesis1 /certified fixed orthodontic courses by India...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Functional matrix theory /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Functional matrix theory /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
Theories of growth /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
retention complete dentures/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian d...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
A Brief description of the causes and clinical manifestations of the internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint , with particular emphasis on Disc Displacements .
biologic basis of Functional appliance /certified fixed orthodontic courses...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Modus operandi of functional appliances/cosmetic dentistry coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Modus operandi of functional appliances mallik /prosthodontic coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Muscle function in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
How To Study Structural and Functional Properties of TendonInsideScientific
WATCH THE VIDEO: http://bit.ly/2nl7Nx6
In this webinar presented by Aurora Scientific, Matthew Borkowski and Dylan Sarver discuss how to characterize the structural and functional properties of tendon.
Specifically, Mr. Borkowski describes the engineering behind the multi-purpose Aurora Scientific Dual Mode Lever — a fast actuator and sensitive force transducer in one — and how this device can be used to study connective tissue.
Following, Mr. Sarver discusses his current research focused on sex-related differences in the structural and functional status of Tendon, from macromolecular structural properties to transcriptomic, proteomic, and cell biology of resident tendon fibroblasts. He explains why tendon research is important, reviews methodology for investigating tendon structure and function, and discusses research findings supporting sex-related differences in tendon.
Key topics covered during this webinar will include…
- How to use The Dual-Mode Lever to perfom demanding stress/strain assays
- What is a tendon, and why is tendon research important
- How to characterize the structural and functional status of tendon
- Case Study: investigating sex-related differences in tendon
Craniosacral manipulation was first introduced into the osteopathic profession in the 1930s. Instruction in the field began in the 1940s.Dysfunctional situations where interference with normal pulsatile activities or soft tissue properties seems to have occurred and which have no easy, 'gross', structural or orthopedic consequence.
Finite element analysis in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. INTRODUCTION
Over many years various theories of growth have been
proposed for the craniofacial complex.
The Genetic theory, Scott’s Hypothesis, Sicher’s Sutural
Dominance theory, Functional matrix theory attempt to explain
the growth of the cranofacial complex with different growth
determinants and have their own limitations.
The Servosystem theory of growth is based on a factorial
qualitative analysis which takes into account various factors
which determine a coordinated growth of the craniofacial
complex as a whole.
The Servosystem theory attempts to explain craniofacial
growth and the modus operandi of Functional appliances.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. GROWTH THEORY’S
GENETIC CONTROL THEORY:
• Genotype supplies all the
information required for
phenotype expression.
• Does not address the question
of local and general factors
modifying gene expression.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
4. GROWTH THEORY’S
SICHER’S SUTURAL DOMINANCE THEORY:
• He believed that craniofacial
growth occurs at sutures.
• Paired parallel sutures which attach
the facial bones to the cranial base
and skull push the nasomaxillary
complex forwards to compare with
mandibular growth.
• Acknowledges the genetic influence
on growth at the sutures.
• Transplantation of sutures to
another site showed that there was no
innate growth potential.
• Cases of Microcephaly and
Hydrocephaly. www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. GROWTH THEORY’S
CARTILAGE DIRECTED GROWTH THEORY:
• James Scott- 1953, 1954, 1967
• Cartilage has intrinsic growth potential.
• Role of Periosteum and sutures only
secondary.
• All cartilages through out the skull are
primary centres of growth.
• Growth of the maxilla is attributed to the
growth of the Nasal septal cartilage.
•Nasal septal carrtilage is the pacemaker
of growth for the nasomaxillary complex.
•The mandible is like the diaphysis of a
long bone bent with epiphyseal cartilages
at both ends. www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. GROWTH THEORY’S
CARTILAGE DIRECTED GROWTH THEORY:
• Epiphyseal cartilages cartilages
transplanted to a different area will
continue to grow - innate growth
potential.
• Nasal septal cartilages also grow
when transplanted to another site.
•Removal of nasal septal cartilages
gives rise to retarded midface
development.
• Petrovic’s studies have shown that
only primary cartilages grow in organ
culture and not secondary cartilages.
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7. GROWTH THEORY’S
FUNCTIONAL MATRIX THEORY:
• Melvin Moss 1960, 1962, 1997.
• A Hypothesis substantiated in the
revisited theory’s.
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8. SERVOSYSTEM THEORY
Alexandre Petrovic, Charlier,and Jeanne Stutzmann of Louis
Pasteur School of Medicine.
SERVOSYSTEM
THEORY
Study’s in Otosclerosis by Petrovic
revealed that cartilage surrounding the
cochlea never grew in organ culture but
epiphyseal cartilages grew well.
Petrovic and Charlier in
1967-69- Jaw Growth rate
and direction can be
modified by functional
appliance.
Jeanne Stutzmann-1976 The
role of LPM and retrodiscal
pad -mediator role
Petrovic and
coworkers:Chronobiological
aspects of cartilage and bone
growth
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10. SERVOSYSTEM THEORY AND
CYBERNETICS
Craniofacial growth is a multifaceted process where the
connections and interrelationships are complex with interactions
and feedbacks.
The Servosystem theory uses the Cybernetic language of
information and communication as a tool to explain the influence
of various factors - extrinsic and intrinsic on Craniofacial growth.
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11. SERVOSYSTEM THEORY AND
CYBERNETICS
CYBERNETICS:
• “the language used to describe
control and communication in man
and machine.”
• Study’s the role of information and
the technique of measuring and
transmitting it.
• “Cybernetics” derived from a greek
word meaning ‘steersman’ by
Dr.Rosenbleuth and Norbert Weiner
and others in 1947.
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12. SERVOSYSTEM THEORY AND
CYBERNETICS
CYBERNETICS:
• Used to explain Systems and
Circuit analysis.
• Can also be used in Biological
Biomedical sciences to explain
negative and positive feedback
loops, self regulation, gain and in
the process explain physiological
processes.
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13. SERVOSYSTEM THEORY AND
CYBERNETICS
CYBERNETICS:
• A Cybernetically organised system
operates through signals transmitting
information.
• Signals can be physical, chemical or
electromagnetic in nature and of low
energy.
• Advantages: not static,
sophisticated.
Tr - RH
TSH
THYROXINE
T3,T4
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14. CLASSIFICATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
PHYSIOLOGICAL
SYSTEMS
CLOSED
LOOP
CONTROL
SYSTEM
OPEN LOOP
CONTROL
SYSTEM
REGULATOR
SYSTEM
SERVOSYSTEM
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15. CONTROL SYSTEMS
CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM:
• A specific communication
between output and input is
present
• A feed back loop with a
comparator is present.
• eg: feed back loops
maintaining hormone levels,
blood sugar etc
• Two types: Regulator and
Servosystem.
Tr - RH
TSH
THYROXINE
T3,T4
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16. CYBERNETIC ORGANISATION OF
CRANIOFACIAL GROWTH
INPUT(STIMULUS)
ORTHOPEDIC AND
FUNCTIONAL
APPLIANCES
BLACK BOX
•GENETICALLY
DETERMINED AND
CYBERNETICALLY
ORGANISED GROWTH
•MAXILLA
LENGTHENING AND
WIDENING
•MANDIBLE
LENGTHING WIDENING
•TEETH MOVEMENT
OUTPUT
CORRECTION OF
MALOCCLUSION
AND
INTERMAXILLA
Y RELATION
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17. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
CONTROLLED SYSTEM:
• Located between the controlled variable and the actuating
signal.
• Condylar cartilage.
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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18. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
COMMAND:
• A signal established independent of the Servosystem.
•It affects the behaviour of the control system without being
affected by the consequences of the behaviour.
• Growth hormone, Testosterone, Oestrogen.
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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19. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
REFERENCE INPUT:
• A signal established as a standard of comparison.
• Ideally should be totally independent of the feed back.
• The sagittal position of the maxilla.
REFERENCE INPUT ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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20. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
REFERENCE INPUT ELEMENT:
• They establish the relationship between the COMMAND(Growth hormone) and the
REFERENCE INPUT(Saggital position of the maxilla).
• Septal cartilage, Septopremaxillary frenum, Labionarinary muscle, Premaxilla and
Maxilla.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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21. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMMAND,
REFERENCE INPUT AND THE REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENTS.
THRUST EFFECT
LIGAMENT
TRACTION
MUSCLE
TRACTION
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22. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
COMPARATOR:
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATO
R
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
•Serves to establish the relationship between the REFERENCE INPUT and the
CONTROLLEDVARIABLE.
• The “operation of confrontation”- Occlusal contact between the upper and lower jaw.
• Any deviation from optimal occlusal contact detected by the comparator leads to
correction signals to reestablish optimum occlusal contact.www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
THE CONTROLLER:
• Located between the deviation signal and the actuating signal.
• Lateral pterygoid muscle and the Retrodiscal pad.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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24. ROLE OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE AND
RETRODISCAL PAD.
• Blood supply
•Increase in open loop factors
• Reduction in negative feed back
factors
• Biomechanical
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25. ROLE OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE AND
RETRODISCAL PAD.
Petrovic’s Experiments:
I CONTROL- INTACT LPM AND
RETRODISCAL PAD
NORMAL
II BILATERAL RESECTION OF
LPM
DECREASED NO OF DIVIDING CELLS
DECREASED GROWTH RATE
OPENING OF STUTZMANN’S ANGLE
DECREASED WIDTH OF MITOTIC
COMPARTMENT
III TMF CLAMPED
BILATERALLY
SAME AS II BUT LESS INTENSE
IV TMF CLAMPED
LPM RESECTED
SAME AS II AND V
V TMF RESECTED SAME AS A II
VI LPM AND TMF RESECTED
BILATERALLY
NO CHANGE
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26. ROLE OF THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
AND RETRODISCAL PAD.
Recent studies….
GROWTH RELATIVITY
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27. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
ACTUATING SIGNAL:
• Output signal from the controller-actuator complex.
• Activity of the LPM and Retrodiscal pad.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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28. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
CONTROLLED VARIABLE:
• Final output.
• Sagittal position of the mandible.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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29. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
GAIN:
• OUTPUT DIVIDED BY INPUT.
• > 1 - AMPLIFICATION . < 1 - ATTENUATION.
• Pterygomandiibular coupling.
• Genetically determined but can be amplified by GH and Testosterone.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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30. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
ATTRACTOR:
• Structurally stable steady state.
• What the Servosystem tries to achieve.
•Full interdigitation type of Class I, II, III.
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31. COMPONENTS OF THE CRANIOFACIAL SERVOSYSTEM
REPELLER:
• a state of unstable equilibrium.
• Tries to change to a stable steady state- ATTRACTOR.
•Cusp to cusp occlusal contact.
REFERENCE INPUT
ELEMENT
COMPARATOR
COMMAND
PERFORMANCE
ANALYSING
ELEMENTS
CONTROLLED
SYSTEM
CONTROLLER
ACTUATOR
PERFORMANCE
AMPLIFIER
REFERENCE
INPUT
OPUTPUT
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37. ALVEOLAR BONE TURN OVER RATE
TISSUE LEVEL GROWTH POTENTIAL:
“ The rank of the alveolar bone turn over rate.”
TISSUE LEVEL GROWTH RESPONSIVENESS:
“ The magnitude of increase in alveolar bone turn over rate
caaused by a 10 day wearing of Class II elastics.”
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38. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM
THEORY IN CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
• modus operandi of functional appliances.
• Role of hormones
• Development of malocclusion
• Application of recent research
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39. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
FUNCTIONAL APPLIANCES
INCREASED CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY OF LPM
INCREASE IN GROWTH STIMULATING FACTORS
ENHANCEMENT OF LOCAL MEDIATORS
REDUCTION IN LOCAL REGULATORS
ADDITIONAL GROWTH OF THE CONDYLAR
CARTILAGE
ADDITIONAL SUBPERIOSTEAL OSSIFICATION
SUPPLEMENTARY LENGTHENING OF THE
MANDIBLEwww.indiandentalacademy.com
40. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
FUNCTIONAL APPLIANCES
• POSTURAL
HYPERPROPULSOR
• ANDERSEN HAUPL
ACTIVATOR
• CLASS II ELASTICS
• FRANKEL’S
APPLIANCE
• TWIN BLOCK
• HERREN OR L.S.U
ACTIVATOR
• HARVOLD WOODSIDE
ACTIVATOR
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41. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
POSTURAL HYPERPROPULSOR:
• Simulates a more anterior position of the upper dental arch.
• A deviation signal is produced which increases LPM and
retrodiscal pad activity.
TWIN BLOCK:
• Alters the occlusal inclined planes.
• 70 degree inclined planes alter the sensory engram and
provide a horizontal component of force.
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42. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
CLASS II ELASTICS:
• Act primarily through the
retrodiscal pad rather than the LPM.
• Alters the intrinsic regulation of
prechondroblast multiplication .
• Enhance the rate of hypertrophy of
Functional chondroblasts so that the
decreased amount of Functional
chondroblasts enhance
prechondroblast replication.
• Similar to the effect of Thyroxine.
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43. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
L.S.U or HERREN ACTIVATOR:
• Acts when the appliance is not worn.
•Action not mediated to through the LPM but
through the Retrodiscal pad.
• Shortening of the LPM when the appliance is
worn when compared to other muscles.
• A new sensory engram is produced.
• The mandible closes in a more anterior
position.
•Stimulation of the retrodiscal pad and alteration
of intrinsic regulation of the cartilage similar to
the Class II elastics.
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44. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
EFFECT OF CHIN CUP THERAAPY:
• Retropulsion of the mandible results
in reduction in the number of dividing
cells.
• Dividing cells if any are found
anteriorly.
• Resulting in anterior growth rotation
and decreased mandibular length.
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45. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY IN
CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
ROLE OF HORMONES:
•
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46. APPLICATION OF THE SERVOSYSTEM THEORY
IN CLINICAL ORTHODONTICS
DEVELOPMENT OF MALOCCLUSION - MALFUNCTION OF
THE SERVOSYSTEM.
MALFUNCTION AT THE LEVEL
OF THE PERIPHERAL
COMPARATOR
MORPHOLOGIC
ALLY
DEFECTIVE
INADEQUATE
REFERENCE
INHERENT LLIMITATION
OF GROWTH
MECHANISMS
ANTERIOR
ROTATION
CLAS III
SKELETAL
POSTERIOR
ROTATION
CLASS II
SKELETAL
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47. APPLICATION OF RECENT RESEARCH
Lavergne and Petrovic grouped children who are morphogenetically
and morphophysiologically alike. Members within each group have similar
tissue level growth potential and will respond in a similar manner to functional
appliances.
I
1
BASAL SAGITTAL GROWTH
POTENTIAL OF MANDIBLE
ALMOST SAME AS THAT OF THE
MAXILLA - 70%
2
BASAL SAGITTAL GROWTH OF
THE MANDIBLE IS INFERIOR TO
THAT OF MAXILLA - 25%
3
BASAL SAGITTAL GROWTH OF
THE MANDIBLE IS SUPERIOR TO
THAT OF THE MAXILLA- 3%
II
A ANTERIORLY
ROTATING
R NEUTRAL
P POSTERIORLY
ROTATING
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52. CONCLUSION
The Servosystem theory with the pharaseology of
Cybernetics gives us an insight into the complex process of
Craniofacial growth.
Though the experiments conducted by Petrovic and
coworkers were conducted on rats the biochemical and cellular
response is the same.
At the moment the Servosystem theory is the only theory
which can explain the role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in
growth.
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