This document defines key terminology in prosthodontics such as prosthodontics, prosthesis, dentulous, and edentulous. It then discusses anatomical landmarks that are important for complete denture fabrication including intraoral structures like the residual ridge, maxillary tuberosity, mandibular tori, and border structures that limit the periphery of dentures like labial and lingual frenae. Finally, it briefly defines the objectives of a complete denture in terms of retention, stability, and support.

1. Terminology
• Prosthodontics: the branch of dentistry that
deals with the replacement missing dental
,oral and craniofacial structure.
• Prosthesis: an artificial replacement of an
absent part of the human body.

2. • Dentulous: A condition in which complete set
of natural teeth are present in the mouth.

3. Edentulous :a condition in which the
mouth is without teeth it may be partially
edentulous or completely edentulous.

5. WASHINGTON’S DENTURE

6. OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE DENTURE

7. OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE
DENTURE

8. OBJECTIVES OF COMPLETE
DENTURE

9. Fitting surface
Buccal flange
Polished surface
Occlusal surface

10. Anatomy for Complete Dentures

11. EXTRA ORAL LANDMARKS

12. Lips
• Vermilion Border
– Denture provides lip support
• Affects vermilion border width

13. Lips
• Philtrum
– Depression below nose

14. Lips
• Nasolabial Angle
– Angle between columella of nose & philtrum of lip
– Normally, approximately 90° as viewed in profile

15. • 4- Naso-labial sulcus:
Naso-
– Def.: it is a depression that extends from the ala of the nose
in a downward and lateral direction to the corner of the
mouth.
– Prosthetic importance:
it becomes more prominent with
aging and teeth loss so should be
restored by proper:-
– vertical dimension
- anterior teeth positioning
- labial flange

16. • Mento-labial sulcus
Mento- sulcus:
– Def.: it is the sulcus between lower lip and chin.
– Prosthetic importance:
its curvature indicates the character of maxillo-mandibular
relationship.
Class II angle Class I angle Class III angle

17. • Modiolus:
– Def.: this is located at the confluence of the
buccinator and other facial muscles near the angle
of the mouth.
– Prosthetic importance:
sunken cheeks appearance and
droped angle observed by loss
of maxillary teeth.

18. Intra-oral landmarks

19. SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

20. Residual ridge:
It is the portion of the alveolar process and its soft tissue coverage that
remains after extraction.
the highest continuous surface of the ridge is called
Crest of the ridge
Residual ridge is considered one
of the primary stress bearing area.

21. Residual Ridges
– “U”-shape
– “V”-shape
– Flat
– Rounded

22. Maxillary tuberosity
It is a prominent bulge located just behind and above the distal end of the
maxillary ridge
well formed tuberosities offer wide coverage so enhancing support and
retention of the denture.
However extremely large ones
needs surgical correction.

23. Maxilla
• Maxillary Tuberosities
– Oversized
– Resorbed
– Undercut

24. Maxilla
• Incisive Papilla
– Landmark for setting of teeth

25. Maxilla
• Hard Palate
– Median Palatine Raphe (midline palatine suture)
• A bony midline structure
• May require relief when covered by a denture

26. Maxilla
• Torus Palatinus
– May require removal

27. Maxilla
• “Hamular” Notch
– Posterior border denture
• Between the bony tuberosity and hamulus
• “Soft displaceable tissue”, for comfort and retention

28. Maxilla
• Soft Palate
– Fovea Palatine
• Bilateral indentations near midline of the soft palate
• Close to the vibrating line

29. Maxilla
• Soft Palate
–Vibrating Line
• Critical posterior border dentures
• Junction of movable and immovable
portions of the soft palate

30. Mandible
• Ridge form
– U-shape best
– Non-moveable best
– Advise patient if poor
– Affects:
• retention
• stability

31. Mandible
• Pear Shaped Pad(retromolar pad)
– Soft pad containing glandular tissue
– Pear shape, posterior border
– Created from scarring after extractions

32. Mandible
• External Oblique Ridge
– Do not extend dentures to this ridge

33. Mandible
• Buccal Shelf
– Primary denture bearing area of mandibular denture
– Between height of bridge & external oblique ridge
– Resorbs more slowly

34. Mandible
• Lingual Tori
– Raised bony structures
– May require relief when covered by a denture
– Thin mucosa can ulcerate easily

36. Mandible
• Mylohyoid Ridge
– Origin of mylohyoid muscle which influences length
of lingual flange
– Can be prominent, and/or sharp, requiring relief

37. Mandible
• Genial Tubercles
– Attachment for the genioglossus muscle
– Tubercles may be higher than the ridge with severe
resorption

38. BORDER STRUCTURES THAT LIMITS
THE PREPHERY OF THE DENTURE

39. Labial frenum

40. Frena (singular = frenum)
• Must be relieved to allow movement, without
impingement
• If prominent, adequate relief can weaken a denture
• If too much relief, retention is lost
• Check prominence intraorally

41. Lingual frenum
Buccal frenum

42. Limiting structures of maxillary
denture
Labial frenum
Labial vestibule
Buccal frenum
Buccal vestibule
Hamular notch
Vibrating line of soft palate

43. Limiting structures of mandibular
denture
Labial frenum
Buccal frenum
Lingual frenum Buccal
vestibule
Lingual pouch
Retromolar bad

44. • Retention :resistance to the dislodging forces along
the path of placement.
• Stability :to be firm, steady or constant to resist
displacement by functional horizontal or rotational
stresses.
• Support :the foundation area on which a dental
prosthesis rest. It is the resistance to the force
toward the tissue.

45. Take time TO LIVE…
Because time passes… QUICKLY
And NEVER returns!