The document discusses self-organization of nanostructured materials. It begins with introducing self-organization as a spontaneous process where ordered structures can arise from local interactions between initially disordered components without external direction. It then describes different kinds of self-organization like micelle formation, lipid bilayers, and molecular beam epitaxy. Specific examples of self-organized nanostructures include ordered arrays of core-shell nanoparticles and nanostructures formed on interlayer surfaces of layered crystals. In conclusion, the document emphasizes that self-organization is an efficient method for constructing nanostructured materials and an area of significant research interest across many fields.

1. SELF ORGANIZATION OF
NANOSTRUCTURED
MATERIALS
Presented by
Najiya KPP

2. INTRODUCTION
SELF ORGANIZATION
KINDS OF SELF ORGANIZATION
MICELLE,LIPID BILAYER
EPITAXIAL GROWTH
SELF ORGANIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES
ON INTERLAYER SURFACES
CONCLUSION
OVERVIEW

3. Self-organization occurs in a
variety of physical, chemical,
biological, and cognitive
systems.
Common examples are
crystallization of snow, cloud
formations, Chemical
reactions leading to
dissipative structures, Growth
of plants and animals etc
INTRODUCTION
This example shows the formation of
crystals, such as the snowflake

4. Are there general principles for
self-organization?

5. Self Organization
Process of formation of ordered nanostructures
using atoms as small building blocks without any
external energy.
Some form of global order or coordination arises
out of the local interactions between the
components of an initially disordered system.
This process is spontaneous: it is not directed or
controlled by any agent or subsystem inside or
outside of the system; however, the laws
followed by the process and its initial conditions
may have been chosen or caused by an agent.
Principle – Bottom up approach

6. Pattern formation in a chemical
reaction (Belousov-Zhabotinsky
reaction)
The formation of a great variety of patterns
on sea shells

7. ordered arrays of core shell nanoparticles

8. By self-organization, individual molecules are built-up and integrated into
larger units and hierarchical structures with unique functionalities.
Natural systems become structured by their own internal processes – self
organizing systems
Different nano-morphologies such as quantum dots, formation of
nanowires, nanotubes etc are possible by self organization.
SELF ORGANIZATION

9. Thermodynamically stable nanostructures
-- Micelle
-- Lipid bilayer
Kinetically self organized
-- Molecular beam epitaxy
KINDS OF SELF
ORGANIZATION

10. Aggregate of surfactant
molecule dispersed in a liquid
colloid.
Micelles are organized
molecular assemblies of
surfactants.
--Reverse micelle (water in oil)
--Normal micelle (oil in water)
MICELLE FORMATION
Scheme of a micelle formed by
phospholipids in an aqueous solution

11. Micelles are formed when
- concentration of the surfactant greater than Critical
Micelle Concentration(CMC)
-temperature of the system greater than Kraffts Temperature
Size and shape of micelle depends on surfactant
concentration.temperature,pH etc

13. Micelles in Medicine
self-forming micelles by an eczema drug

14. LIPID BILAYER
Biological membranes are composed of Lipid bilayer

15. Lipid bilayer is a universal component
of all cell membranes.
The structure is called a "lipid bilayer"
because it composed of two layers of
fatty acids organized in two sheets.
They are formed in sheet-like
structures that contain both a
hydrophilic and a hydrophobic moiety.
The hydrophobic interactions among
several phospholipids and glycolipids-a
certain structure called lipid bilayer or
bimolecular sheet is favored. A bilayer lipid membrane

16. Lipid Bilayer

17. Cone-shaped lipid molecules for micelles, cylinder-shaped
lipids form bilayers
Packing arrangements of lipid molecules
in an aqueous environment

18. MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY
Molecular vapor deposition of a crystal is achieved using
an epitaxial reactor, called Molecular beam epitaxy
Ultra-High-Vacuum based technique for producing
epitaxial structures with monolayer control
Epitaxial - growing crystalline layers on a cyrstalline
substrate
Used in the construction of quantum wells, dots and
wires for use in lasers

19. MBE System
Vacuum System
Liquid N2 cryopanels
Effusion Cells
Substrate Manipulator

20. The Growth Process
3 Phases:
• Crystalline phase of the growing substrate
• Disordered gas phase of the molecular
beams
• Near-surface transition layer between the
crystalline and gas phases

21. desorption
islands
diffusion
nucleation
deposition
downward diffusion
edge diffusion
SURFACE PROCESSES

22. Self organization of
nanostructures on interlayer
surfaces

23.  Formation of arrays of interlayer nanostructures in layered crystals
 Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 layers are shown to contain step layered structures
with nanostructured islands on them
 Cu is incorporated into the layers Bi2Te3 as into nanocontainers, without
interacting with excess components of Bi2Te3.Te–Te spaces in Bi2Te3 act
as nanocontainers for copper.
 Particles execute Brownian motion in Te–Te spaces along the Bi2Te3〈Cu〉
surface and merge upon the first collision.
 Nanocell formation begins during impurity diffusion along the basal plane
and whisker growth on the surface at Te vacancies in the same telluride
fivelayer slabs.
 The spontaneous diffusion into layers can be termed self intercalation and
considered evidence of selforganization.

24. Fig. 1. (a) 3D and (b) 2D AFM images of
fractal surfaces in Bi2Te3〈Cu〉

25. Fig 2. Schematic of the arrangement of bismuth and tellurium atoms in the structure of
Bi2Te3 and model concepts for selforganization of processes in the layers: (а)
incorporation of atoms along the (0001) plane, (b) formation of
a new island, (b, d) diffusion of particles, (c) aggregation,(e) diffusion of the island.

26. Currently,much effort has been undertaken to develop an
effective and technologically simple method used for the
synthesis of nanostructures over a macroscopic surface area.
Today, the research spotlight is especially focused on self-
organized nanostructured materials
Self organization can be utilized as an efficient synthetic route
for the construction of nanometre-scale architectures
Self organization research explodes drawing the interest of
researchers from every imaginable field.
CONCLUSION

27. Nanostructured materials- basic concepts and
microstructures - H. GLEITER,Forschungszentrum
Karlsruhe, Institute of Nanotechnology, D-76021
Karlsruhe, Germany
Epitaxial self-organization: from surfaces to magnetic
materials-Olivier Fruchart Laboratoire Louis Néel
(CNRS), 25, avenue des Martyrs, BP166, 38042 Grenoble
cedex 9, France
Growth and SelfOrganization of Nanostructures on Interlayer
Surfaces of A2B3 Layered Crystals - A. N. Georgobiania, A.
M. Pashaevb, B. G. Tagievb, F. K. Aleskerovc, O. B.
Tagievd, and K. Sh. Kakhramanovc
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Self-organization
http://www.chemie.uni-
hamburg.de/pc/klinke/publications/Press-release-english.pdf
http://www.sciencedirect.com
REFERENCES

28. THANK YOU FOR YOUR
KIND ATTENTION 