.

2. 1. All instructional materials are aids to instruction. They do not
replace the teacher.
2. Choose the instructional material that best suits your
instructional objectives.
3. If possible, use a variety of tools.
4. Check out your instructional material before class starts to
be sure it is working properly.
5. For result, abide by the general utilization guide in the use of
media given below:
• Learn how to use instructional material.
• Provide a conducive environment
• Prepare introductory remarks, questions or initial comment you may
need.

4.  Audiorecordings
- Audio recordings include tapes, records and compact discs. Tapes may
be in form of teacher recorded , student recorded or ready-made tapes.
 Advantages
 Improve listening skills
 Easy to operate
 Best use to improve speech skills
 Disadvantage
 Extended use may bore student
 Costly compared to actual oral presentation
 Guidelines on how to use it
 Preview the material
 Motivate the student to listen carefully to the important details.

5.  OVERHEADTRANSPARENCIES
- By using an overhead projector, a transparency can show, pictures,
diagrams and sketches at a time when they are needed in a discussion.
 Advantages
 Transparencies can easily be prepared by the teacher or the student
 The teacher is able to maintain eye contact while the transparency in on.
 Transparencies are reusable.
 OHP is easy to operate
 Disadvantages
 The overhead projector maybe costly for some.
 Moving it around needs as much care.
 Guidelines on how to use it
 Make sure that the projector is available when needed.
 Use a pointer to point out important details

6.  BULLETINBOARD
- It is usually stationary on a wall or it can be movable.
 Advantages
 It can present a preview of the lesson to be presented as way of motivating
the student.
 The attractive displays can add life and color to drab room atmosphere.
 Disadvantage
 A good one needs time to plan and execute. If hurried, the display may failed
in conveying the message desire.
 Guidelines
 The items to be displayed must be tastefully selected.
 A well organized layout of the text and materials can convey at once the
idea.

7.  CHALKBOARD
- This includes not only those with flat and wide surfaces but also the
portable types which can be moved or even serve as dividers.
 Advantages
 It is easily available.
 It is inexpensive and easy to install.
 It can accommodate so much writing space and easy to clean. Topics can
be listed, deleted or revised to a final form
 Disadvantage
 Lesson or writings on the chalkboard are only a day’s use, hence
temporary and cannot be save.
 Chalk dust make the area messy.
 Guidelines
 Make sure that the chalkboard and eraser are cleaned and maintained.
 Plan ahead what you are going to write on the board.
 Never use the hand for erasing.
 Stand in such a way that you don’t block the view of the students while
writing.

8.  CHARTS
- Maybe in the form of maps, graphs, photographs, and cut-outs. They
maybe prepared graphic devices or poster.
 Advantages
 Charts can be used over and over again.
 They can be moved easily from one place to another.
 Colored charts are more attractive.
 Disadvantage
 Big charts are cumbersome to handle.
 Charts can be outdated
 Guidelines
 Plan well to make sure it fits to the lesson.
 Avoid crowding the graphic to be shown.
 When identifying a portion, use a pointer.