Seed priming involves soaking seeds in solutions before sowing to promote faster and more uniform germination. There are several methods of seed priming, including hydropriming (soaking in water), halo priming (soaking in salt solutions), osmopriming (soaking in solutions like polyethylene glycol or sugars), and hormonal priming (soaking in plant hormones). Hydropriming, osmopriming, and hormonal priming can shorten germination time and improve seedling growth and crop yields, but may require careful control of hydration levels to prevent leaching of nutrients or uneven germination.

1. Seed priming

2. Seed priming
Seed priming is used by seed producers and
growers to control germination
Mainly seed priming is used to shortern
germination time,also promotes more yield and
enhanced product quality..

3. Methods of seed priming
Osmopriming
Hydro priming
Halo priming
Hormonal priming

4. Hydro-priming
 Hydro-priming involves soaking the seeds in water before sowing (Pill and
Necker, 2001) and may or maynot be followed by air-drying of the seeds.
 Although soaking seed in water and drying before sowing is the easiest way to
achieve hydration
 disadvantage
 it may result in uneven hydration and non-uniformgermination.
 Soaking is not suitable for some plant species, as rapid hydration may cause
leakage of essential nutrients
 Overcome by: seed humidification -- seed are treated under conditions of high
humidity

5. Halo priming
 Halo priming refers to soaking of seeds in solution of inorganic salts
i.e. NaCl, KNO3 CaCl2, CaSO4, etc
Results:
 improvement in seed germination, seedling emergence and
establishment, and final crop yield in salt affected soils in response
to halopriming..

6. Osmopriming..
 This is also known as osmo-conditioning
 In this technique, seeds are soaked for a certain period in solutions of sugar,
polyethylene glycol (PEG), glycerol, sorbitol, or mannitol followed by air drying
before sowing.
 Benefits:
 Osmo priming not only improves seed germination but also enhances general crop
performance under non saline or saline conditions, osmo- conditioning of Italian
ryegrass and sorghum seeds with 20% PEG-8000 for 2 days at 10oC enhanced
germination rate, water-stressed ,water logged, cold-stress, or saline conditions .

7. Hormonal priming
 Hormonal priming is the pre seed treatment with different hormones i.e. salicylic
acid, ascorbate, kinetin,etc. which promote the growth and development of the
seedlings.
 benefits
 GA3 treatment enhanced the vegetative growth of two wheat cultivars under but
caused a slight reduction in their grain yield. GA3 treatment enhanced the
deposition of Na+ and Cl- in both root and shoots of wheat plants under prevailing
field conditions. It also caused a significant increase in photosynthetic activity in
both lines at the vegetative stage of the