This is a simple PPT which will help you to understand and study about school oral health development and programs. This also include some MCQs at the end which will help you to test yourself and boost your confidence about your capabilities. This also helps you to read the topic in a cut short method.
This is a simple PPT which will help you to understand and study about school oral health development and programs. This also include some MCQs at the end which will help you to test yourself and boost your confidence about your capabilities. This also helps you to read the topic in a cut short method.
This is a simple PPT which will help you to understand and study about school oral health development and programs. This also include some MCQs at the end which will help you to test yourself and boost your confidence about your capabilities. This also helps you to read the topic in a cut short method.
Contents:
Introduction
Definition
Aspects of school health programs
Objectives
Ideal requirements
Advantages
Elements/components
Some school oral health programs
WHO’s global school health initiative
Incremental care
Comprehensive care
Conclusion
The document provides information on atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). Some key points:
- ART was developed in the 1980s in Tanzania as a minimally invasive approach to dental caries that aims to preserve tooth structure. It uses manual excavation and glass ionomer restoration to avoid anesthesia and expensive equipment.
- ART has several advantages, including being non-invasive and painless, making it highly acceptable to patients. It also releases fluoride and bonds to tooth structure.
- The principles of ART are removing carious lesions using hand instruments only and restoring the cavity with glass ionomer, which bonds to the tooth. This simplifies infection control compared to traditional rotary drills.
-
School dental health programs aim to improve children's oral health through education, prevention, and treatment services directly in schools. The key aspects of such programs include conducting dental inspections and health education, providing preventive interventions like fluoride varnish and sealants, and making referrals for treatment when needed. Evaluations show such programs can reduce dental caries by 20-30% through approaches like water fluoridation, fluoride tablets, and toothbrushing programs in schools. The community benefits from improving children's oral health as it helps establish healthy habits that can last a lifetime.
Extrinsic stains are stains located on the outer surface of the tooth caused by external agents like foods, drinks, tobacco or other topical agents. The Nathoo classification system describes 3 types of extrinsic stains: Type 1 stains bind to the tooth surface and have a similar color to stains from tea, coffee etc. Type 2 stains initially bind but then darken over time. Type 3 stains are from colorless materials that bind to the tooth and undergo a chemical reaction to cause staining. Factors like enamel defects, poor oral hygiene and salivary issues can predispose people to extrinsic staining. Examples given include severe tobacco staining, stained plaque and calculus deposits, and staining
This document provides an overview of pulpotomy procedures for primary teeth. It begins with definitions of pulpotomy and discusses the rationale, objectives, indications, contraindications and classification of different pulpotomy techniques. It then describes various medicaments that can be used, including formocresol, glutaraldehyde, calcium hydroxide, and ferric sulfate. The document outlines techniques for formocresol pulpotomy, electrosurgical pulpotomy, and laser pulpotomy. It also discusses recent concepts in pulpotomy including the use of bone morphogenetic protein and enamel matrix derivatives. The document concludes by examining reasons for failure of pulpotomy therapy.
The document discusses the DMF Teeth Indices used for assessing coronal caries. It defines the DMFT index as the sum of decayed, missing due to caries, and filled permanent teeth. It provides detailed criteria for classifying a tooth as decayed, missing, or filled based on the presence of cavitation, undermined enamel, softness, and other factors. Rules for recording DMFT are also outlined, such as only counting each tooth once and excluding primary teeth, unerupted teeth, and those missing due to trauma. Calculating DMFT involves summing the scores for individual patients and populations.
MANAGEMENT OF BRUXISM, LIP BITING AND MASOCHISTIC HABITSaanchalshruti
This document discusses the management of bruxism, lip biting, and masochistic habits. It defines bruxism as the habitual grinding of teeth not during chewing or swallowing. Causes of bruxism include occlusal discrepancies, magnesium deficiency, allergies, and overachieving personalities. Management includes occlusal splints, restorations, psychotherapy, relaxation training, acupuncture, and drugs. Lip biting is classified and its causes and management via correcting malocclusions, treating the habit, and using appliances are described. Masochistic habits are self-injurious behaviors seen more in mentally retarded individuals, and their management involves pharmacological, psychological, physical restraints, palliative, and
The document provides information on atraumatic restorative treatment (ART). Some key points:
- ART was developed in the 1980s in Tanzania as a minimally invasive approach to dental caries that aims to preserve tooth structure. It uses manual excavation and glass ionomer restoration to avoid anesthesia and expensive equipment.
- ART has several advantages, including being non-invasive and painless, making it highly acceptable to patients. It also releases fluoride and bonds to tooth structure.
- The principles of ART are removing carious lesions using hand instruments only and restoring the cavity with glass ionomer, which bonds to the tooth. This simplifies infection control compared to traditional rotary drills.
-
School dental health programs aim to improve children's oral health through education, prevention, and treatment services directly in schools. The key aspects of such programs include conducting dental inspections and health education, providing preventive interventions like fluoride varnish and sealants, and making referrals for treatment when needed. Evaluations show such programs can reduce dental caries by 20-30% through approaches like water fluoridation, fluoride tablets, and toothbrushing programs in schools. The community benefits from improving children's oral health as it helps establish healthy habits that can last a lifetime.
Extrinsic stains are stains located on the outer surface of the tooth caused by external agents like foods, drinks, tobacco or other topical agents. The Nathoo classification system describes 3 types of extrinsic stains: Type 1 stains bind to the tooth surface and have a similar color to stains from tea, coffee etc. Type 2 stains initially bind but then darken over time. Type 3 stains are from colorless materials that bind to the tooth and undergo a chemical reaction to cause staining. Factors like enamel defects, poor oral hygiene and salivary issues can predispose people to extrinsic staining. Examples given include severe tobacco staining, stained plaque and calculus deposits, and staining
This document provides an overview of pulpotomy procedures for primary teeth. It begins with definitions of pulpotomy and discusses the rationale, objectives, indications, contraindications and classification of different pulpotomy techniques. It then describes various medicaments that can be used, including formocresol, glutaraldehyde, calcium hydroxide, and ferric sulfate. The document outlines techniques for formocresol pulpotomy, electrosurgical pulpotomy, and laser pulpotomy. It also discusses recent concepts in pulpotomy including the use of bone morphogenetic protein and enamel matrix derivatives. The document concludes by examining reasons for failure of pulpotomy therapy.
The document discusses the DMF Teeth Indices used for assessing coronal caries. It defines the DMFT index as the sum of decayed, missing due to caries, and filled permanent teeth. It provides detailed criteria for classifying a tooth as decayed, missing, or filled based on the presence of cavitation, undermined enamel, softness, and other factors. Rules for recording DMFT are also outlined, such as only counting each tooth once and excluding primary teeth, unerupted teeth, and those missing due to trauma. Calculating DMFT involves summing the scores for individual patients and populations.
MANAGEMENT OF BRUXISM, LIP BITING AND MASOCHISTIC HABITSaanchalshruti
This document discusses the management of bruxism, lip biting, and masochistic habits. It defines bruxism as the habitual grinding of teeth not during chewing or swallowing. Causes of bruxism include occlusal discrepancies, magnesium deficiency, allergies, and overachieving personalities. Management includes occlusal splints, restorations, psychotherapy, relaxation training, acupuncture, and drugs. Lip biting is classified and its causes and management via correcting malocclusions, treating the habit, and using appliances are described. Masochistic habits are self-injurious behaviors seen more in mentally retarded individuals, and their management involves pharmacological, psychological, physical restraints, palliative, and
This document provides an overview of dental manpower in India, including the roles of dentists and different types of dental auxiliaries. It discusses the qualifications and duties of dentists and defines dental auxiliaries as technical workers who assist dentists. The document outlines several categories of dental auxiliaries in India, such as dental surgeons, therapists, hygienists, and laboratory technicians, and describes their training requirements and responsibilities. It also introduces concepts like four-handed and six-handed dentistry which utilize dental auxiliaries to improve treatment efficiency.
School- based oral health education programs; How effective are they?Ghada Elmasuri
How effective are school based oral health education programs?
An evidence based review
A number of systematic reviews have been conducted on the the effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions all over the world.
The aim of this presentation is to collect and review these evidences on the effectiveness of these programs and to identify important factors which contribute to the effectiveness of these programs.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
This document describes several school oral health programs from different locations and time periods. It provides details on the goals, implementation, and evaluation of programs in the US, Texas, Minnesota, North Carolina, and globally through the WHO. The programs generally aim to educate children about oral health, develop healthy habits, and reduce dental disease through activities in schools. Evaluation of many programs found reductions in tooth decay and positive changes in knowledge and behaviors.
This document provides information on the Russel's Periodontal Index and the CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs). It discusses the development and purpose of each index, as well as how they are used to assess periodontal disease status and treatment needs in populations. The Russel's Index uses simple probing to evaluate gingivitis and periodontal disease severity on a scale of 0-8. The CPITN focuses on determining treatment needs by examining bleeding, calculus, and pocket depth in six sextants using index teeth. Both indices are designed for epidemiological surveys to monitor oral health and plan treatment programs.
This document discusses infant oral health and anticipatory guidance. It provides definitions of terms like risk assessment and anticipatory guidance. It outlines the goals and steps of early infant oral health care visits, including examination, counseling, risk assessment, and establishing anticipatory guidance. The document discusses counseling topics at different developmental stages from infancy to adolescence. It emphasizes the importance of early intervention, prevention of oral diseases, and establishing good oral hygiene habits from an early age through anticipatory guidance.
Topical fluorides are used to prevent dental caries. They can be professionally applied as gels, foams, varnishes or self-applied as dentifrices, mouthwashes and gels. Common topical fluoride agents include sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, acidulated phosphate fluoride and amine fluoride. They work by depositing fluoride ions on the enamel surface which gets incorporated into hydroxyapatite to form more acid-resistant fluorapatite and fluorhydroxyapatite. Topical fluorides are recommended for caries-active individuals and as a preventive measure.
Behavioural Management in Pediatric DentistrySwalihaAlthaf
This document provides information on behavioral management techniques used in pediatric dentistry. It defines key terms like behavior, behavior management, behavior shaping, and behavior modification. It then categorizes and describes various non-pharmacological behavior management techniques including communication, use of second language, tell-show-do, desensitization, modeling, behavior shaping, contingency management, distraction, assimilation and coping techniques.
This document discusses various mechanisms for financing dental care, including:
- Private fee-for-service payments, where patients pay dentists directly.
- Third-party payment plans like insurance, which emerged to help cover rising healthcare costs. These include commercial insurance, nonprofit plans like Delta Dental, and public programs.
- Prepaid plans like HMOs, where dentists are salaried or contracted and patients pay fixed monthly fees for comprehensive care.
The history and types of third-party dental plans are described in detail. India primarily uses out-of-pocket fee-for-service payments due to low public spending on healthcare. Some early dental insurance plans in India are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of topical fluorides. It defines topical fluorides as fluoride treatments applied directly to tooth surfaces. Topical fluorides are classified as professionally applied or self-applied. Professionally applied fluorides discussed include sodium fluoride solution, stannous fluoride solution and gel, and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. Sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride solutions are painted on teeth and allowed to dry, forming protective layers. Stannous fluoride may have additional antibacterial properties. Topical fluorides strengthen tooth enamel and make it more resistant to decay.
This document discusses the epidemiology of dental caries. It identifies key host, agent, and environmental factors that contribute to caries development, including age, diet, bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, and fluoride exposure. The global distribution of caries has changed over time, with prevalence historically higher in developed nations due to diets high in refined carbohydrates, though patterns are changing as diets worldwide become more cariogenic. Socioeconomic status, nutrition, and oral hygiene also impact caries risk.
This document provides an overview of pit and fissure sealants. It discusses the history, definition, morphology, materials used, application process, advantages, and recent advances. Key points include:
- Pit and fissure sealants were developed in the 1950s to isolate deep pits and fissures from the oral cavity and prevent dental caries.
- The application process involves cleaning, isolating, and etching the tooth surface, followed by placement of the sealant material into the pits and fissures.
- Common materials used are resin-based sealants and glass ionomer cement. Recent advances include self-etching and fluoride-releasing sealants.
- Proper application
This document provides an overview of global trends in oral diseases with an emphasis on the last two decades. It discusses key definitions and concepts, including the goals and targets set by WHO for oral health by 2020. Specifically, it summarizes trends in two major oral diseases: dental caries and periodontal diseases. For dental caries, it notes that prevalence has declined in developed countries due to public health measures like fluoride use, while developing countries have seen increases associated with diets high in sugars and limited prevention programs. Periodontal diseases are classified and the epidemiology and risk factors are briefly discussed.
The document discusses strategies for managing teeth with irreversible pulpitis, known as "hot teeth", including supplemental injections like intra-ligamentary (PDL), intra-osseous, articaine buccal infiltration, and intra-pulpal when conventional injections fail to provide anesthesia. It provides details on techniques for different supplemental injections using devices like the Wand or Stabident system and recommends strategies based on tooth location, such as inferior alveolar nerve block plus lingual and intra-osseous for mandibular posterior teeth.
The document provides an overview of school dental health education and school oral health programs. It discusses:
- The importance of children's oral health and common oral diseases that affect children.
- Models of school health programs, including the 3 component model, 8 component model, and health promoting schools model.
- Components of school oral health programs, including dental inspections, health education, fluoride programs, nutrition programs, and referral for treatment.
- The history and evolution of school health programs in India, from early medical examinations to more comprehensive care approaches.
CPITN INDEX (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs)Jeban Sahu
Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIMS, BBSR-24
INTRODUCTION
CPITN was introduced by JUKKA AINAMO , DAVID BARMES , GORGE BEAGRIE , TERRY CUTRESS , JEAN MARTIN and JENNIFER SARDO-INFIRRI for Joint working committee of the WHO and FDI in 1982 .
Developed primarily to survey and evaluate periodontal treatment needs rather than determining past and present periodontal status i.e. recession of the gingival margin and alveolar bone .
SCOPE AND PURPOSE
PROCEDURE
SEXTANT
INDEX TEETH
INSTRUMENTS USED
CPITN PROBE
Introduced by WHO in 1978.
Weight: 5gms
Working force: 20-25 gms.
Designed for 2 purposes :
1. Measurement of pocket depth
2. Detection of Sub-gingival calculus
PROBING PROCEDURE
EXAMINATION PROCEDURE
CALCULATION OF CPITN
COMMUNITY PERIODONTAL INDEX (CPI)
This index is modification of CPITN.
SUMMARY
CPITN is a screening procedure for identifying actual and potential problems posed by periodontal diseases both in the community and in the individual, introduced in 1982.
The CPITN records the common treatable conditions namely,
- periodontal pockets
- gingival inflammation
- dental calculus
- other plaque retentive factors
CPITN PROBE (introduced by WHO in 1978) is used to measure of pocket depth & detect sub-gingival calculus.
COMMUNITY PERIODONTAL INDEX (CPI) is the modification of CPITN which includes measurement of “loss of attachment”
International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)Ghada Elmasuri
The document outlines the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). It begins with an introduction to caries assessment systems and outlines some of their shortcomings. It then discusses ICDAS in more detail, noting that it was developed based on a review of existing systems to provide a standardized international system. The document provides insights into ICDAS, discussing its future and conclusions. It also includes slides on measuring dental caries and reviewing other caries assessment systems such as DMF, Nyvad, and CAST.
This document provides an overview of dental caries epidemiology. It begins with definitions of epidemiology and dental caries. It then discusses the history of caries in prehistoric man and global and Indian caries scenarios. Several classic epidemiological studies on dental caries are summarized. Theories of caries etiology including Miller's chemico-parasitic theory are explained. Epidemiological factors influencing caries including the host, agents, environment and time are described. Saliva properties and their relationship to caries susceptibility are also summarized.
Serial extraction is an interceptive orthodontic procedure that involves the planned extraction of certain primary and permanent teeth in a sequence to guide the erupting permanent teeth into a favorable position. It was first described in 1929 as a way to address arch length deficiencies. The most common methods are Dewel's method, Tweed's method, and Nance method, all of which extract primary teeth first, followed by premolars and canines. Potential problems include anterior crossbites from residual spacing or skeletal discrepancies.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
This document provides an overview of dental manpower in India, including the roles of dentists and different types of dental auxiliaries. It discusses the qualifications and duties of dentists and defines dental auxiliaries as technical workers who assist dentists. The document outlines several categories of dental auxiliaries in India, such as dental surgeons, therapists, hygienists, and laboratory technicians, and describes their training requirements and responsibilities. It also introduces concepts like four-handed and six-handed dentistry which utilize dental auxiliaries to improve treatment efficiency.
School- based oral health education programs; How effective are they?Ghada Elmasuri
How effective are school based oral health education programs?
An evidence based review
A number of systematic reviews have been conducted on the the effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions all over the world.
The aim of this presentation is to collect and review these evidences on the effectiveness of these programs and to identify important factors which contribute to the effectiveness of these programs.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
This document describes several school oral health programs from different locations and time periods. It provides details on the goals, implementation, and evaluation of programs in the US, Texas, Minnesota, North Carolina, and globally through the WHO. The programs generally aim to educate children about oral health, develop healthy habits, and reduce dental disease through activities in schools. Evaluation of many programs found reductions in tooth decay and positive changes in knowledge and behaviors.
This document provides information on the Russel's Periodontal Index and the CPITN (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs). It discusses the development and purpose of each index, as well as how they are used to assess periodontal disease status and treatment needs in populations. The Russel's Index uses simple probing to evaluate gingivitis and periodontal disease severity on a scale of 0-8. The CPITN focuses on determining treatment needs by examining bleeding, calculus, and pocket depth in six sextants using index teeth. Both indices are designed for epidemiological surveys to monitor oral health and plan treatment programs.
This document discusses infant oral health and anticipatory guidance. It provides definitions of terms like risk assessment and anticipatory guidance. It outlines the goals and steps of early infant oral health care visits, including examination, counseling, risk assessment, and establishing anticipatory guidance. The document discusses counseling topics at different developmental stages from infancy to adolescence. It emphasizes the importance of early intervention, prevention of oral diseases, and establishing good oral hygiene habits from an early age through anticipatory guidance.
Topical fluorides are used to prevent dental caries. They can be professionally applied as gels, foams, varnishes or self-applied as dentifrices, mouthwashes and gels. Common topical fluoride agents include sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, acidulated phosphate fluoride and amine fluoride. They work by depositing fluoride ions on the enamel surface which gets incorporated into hydroxyapatite to form more acid-resistant fluorapatite and fluorhydroxyapatite. Topical fluorides are recommended for caries-active individuals and as a preventive measure.
Behavioural Management in Pediatric DentistrySwalihaAlthaf
This document provides information on behavioral management techniques used in pediatric dentistry. It defines key terms like behavior, behavior management, behavior shaping, and behavior modification. It then categorizes and describes various non-pharmacological behavior management techniques including communication, use of second language, tell-show-do, desensitization, modeling, behavior shaping, contingency management, distraction, assimilation and coping techniques.
This document discusses various mechanisms for financing dental care, including:
- Private fee-for-service payments, where patients pay dentists directly.
- Third-party payment plans like insurance, which emerged to help cover rising healthcare costs. These include commercial insurance, nonprofit plans like Delta Dental, and public programs.
- Prepaid plans like HMOs, where dentists are salaried or contracted and patients pay fixed monthly fees for comprehensive care.
The history and types of third-party dental plans are described in detail. India primarily uses out-of-pocket fee-for-service payments due to low public spending on healthcare. Some early dental insurance plans in India are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of topical fluorides. It defines topical fluorides as fluoride treatments applied directly to tooth surfaces. Topical fluorides are classified as professionally applied or self-applied. Professionally applied fluorides discussed include sodium fluoride solution, stannous fluoride solution and gel, and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. Sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride solutions are painted on teeth and allowed to dry, forming protective layers. Stannous fluoride may have additional antibacterial properties. Topical fluorides strengthen tooth enamel and make it more resistant to decay.
This document discusses the epidemiology of dental caries. It identifies key host, agent, and environmental factors that contribute to caries development, including age, diet, bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, and fluoride exposure. The global distribution of caries has changed over time, with prevalence historically higher in developed nations due to diets high in refined carbohydrates, though patterns are changing as diets worldwide become more cariogenic. Socioeconomic status, nutrition, and oral hygiene also impact caries risk.
This document provides an overview of pit and fissure sealants. It discusses the history, definition, morphology, materials used, application process, advantages, and recent advances. Key points include:
- Pit and fissure sealants were developed in the 1950s to isolate deep pits and fissures from the oral cavity and prevent dental caries.
- The application process involves cleaning, isolating, and etching the tooth surface, followed by placement of the sealant material into the pits and fissures.
- Common materials used are resin-based sealants and glass ionomer cement. Recent advances include self-etching and fluoride-releasing sealants.
- Proper application
This document provides an overview of global trends in oral diseases with an emphasis on the last two decades. It discusses key definitions and concepts, including the goals and targets set by WHO for oral health by 2020. Specifically, it summarizes trends in two major oral diseases: dental caries and periodontal diseases. For dental caries, it notes that prevalence has declined in developed countries due to public health measures like fluoride use, while developing countries have seen increases associated with diets high in sugars and limited prevention programs. Periodontal diseases are classified and the epidemiology and risk factors are briefly discussed.
The document discusses strategies for managing teeth with irreversible pulpitis, known as "hot teeth", including supplemental injections like intra-ligamentary (PDL), intra-osseous, articaine buccal infiltration, and intra-pulpal when conventional injections fail to provide anesthesia. It provides details on techniques for different supplemental injections using devices like the Wand or Stabident system and recommends strategies based on tooth location, such as inferior alveolar nerve block plus lingual and intra-osseous for mandibular posterior teeth.
The document provides an overview of school dental health education and school oral health programs. It discusses:
- The importance of children's oral health and common oral diseases that affect children.
- Models of school health programs, including the 3 component model, 8 component model, and health promoting schools model.
- Components of school oral health programs, including dental inspections, health education, fluoride programs, nutrition programs, and referral for treatment.
- The history and evolution of school health programs in India, from early medical examinations to more comprehensive care approaches.
CPITN INDEX (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs)Jeban Sahu
Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIMS, BBSR-24
INTRODUCTION
CPITN was introduced by JUKKA AINAMO , DAVID BARMES , GORGE BEAGRIE , TERRY CUTRESS , JEAN MARTIN and JENNIFER SARDO-INFIRRI for Joint working committee of the WHO and FDI in 1982 .
Developed primarily to survey and evaluate periodontal treatment needs rather than determining past and present periodontal status i.e. recession of the gingival margin and alveolar bone .
SCOPE AND PURPOSE
PROCEDURE
SEXTANT
INDEX TEETH
INSTRUMENTS USED
CPITN PROBE
Introduced by WHO in 1978.
Weight: 5gms
Working force: 20-25 gms.
Designed for 2 purposes :
1. Measurement of pocket depth
2. Detection of Sub-gingival calculus
PROBING PROCEDURE
EXAMINATION PROCEDURE
CALCULATION OF CPITN
COMMUNITY PERIODONTAL INDEX (CPI)
This index is modification of CPITN.
SUMMARY
CPITN is a screening procedure for identifying actual and potential problems posed by periodontal diseases both in the community and in the individual, introduced in 1982.
The CPITN records the common treatable conditions namely,
- periodontal pockets
- gingival inflammation
- dental calculus
- other plaque retentive factors
CPITN PROBE (introduced by WHO in 1978) is used to measure of pocket depth & detect sub-gingival calculus.
COMMUNITY PERIODONTAL INDEX (CPI) is the modification of CPITN which includes measurement of “loss of attachment”
International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS)Ghada Elmasuri
The document outlines the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). It begins with an introduction to caries assessment systems and outlines some of their shortcomings. It then discusses ICDAS in more detail, noting that it was developed based on a review of existing systems to provide a standardized international system. The document provides insights into ICDAS, discussing its future and conclusions. It also includes slides on measuring dental caries and reviewing other caries assessment systems such as DMF, Nyvad, and CAST.
This document provides an overview of dental caries epidemiology. It begins with definitions of epidemiology and dental caries. It then discusses the history of caries in prehistoric man and global and Indian caries scenarios. Several classic epidemiological studies on dental caries are summarized. Theories of caries etiology including Miller's chemico-parasitic theory are explained. Epidemiological factors influencing caries including the host, agents, environment and time are described. Saliva properties and their relationship to caries susceptibility are also summarized.
Serial extraction is an interceptive orthodontic procedure that involves the planned extraction of certain primary and permanent teeth in a sequence to guide the erupting permanent teeth into a favorable position. It was first described in 1929 as a way to address arch length deficiencies. The most common methods are Dewel's method, Tweed's method, and Nance method, all of which extract primary teeth first, followed by premolars and canines. Potential problems include anterior crossbites from residual spacing or skeletal discrepancies.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
The Tattletooth Program is a school-based dental health program developed in Texas in the 1970s. It aims to develop knowledge and skills around preventing dental disease in schoolchildren. The program provides self-contained teaching packets for classroom teachers to educate students on dental health facts across 5 different age-appropriate levels, from preschool to high school. Lesson plans, materials, and strategies for parental involvement are included. The program piloted an approach of classroom dental health education to promote prevention.
The document discusses school health services and their objectives, which include appraising student health, counseling on findings, encouraging treatment, identifying disabilities, and providing emergency care. It also outlines components of school oral health programs like inspections, education, fluoride programs, sealant placement, and referrals. A specific program called Tattletooth that was implemented in Texas is described in detail, including its philosophy, implementation, and evaluation approach. The concepts of incremental and comprehensive dental care delivery models are also summarized.
School health care and dental public health communityMahdiKhdir
The document discusses school dental health programs. The goals of school dental services are to help children appreciate the importance of oral health and develop healthy dental habits. A successful program has three components: a healthy school environment, dental health education, and dental health services. Dental health education is most important and should be taught through various means including classroom lessons and demonstrations of brushing. Both comprehensive and incremental dental care models are described. Comprehensive care addresses all current needs while incremental care treats new issues periodically. Establishing an effective school dental program requires organizing stakeholders and providing education and resources to implement preventive services and care for students.
This document outlines the key components and objectives of a school dental health program. It discusses conducting dental inspections and health education, programs like tooth brushing and fluoride administration, nutrition education, referral processes, and follow up. Example programs are provided, like the ADA's "Learning About Your Oral Health" and Texas' "Tattletooth Program". The goals are to promote proper oral hygiene, prevent dental disease, and improve overall health among school children.
School Oral Health Programmes (Middle East and Asia)Vineetha K
Schools provide an important setting for oral health promotion, as they reach over a billion children worldwide. Through school children, the school staff, families and the community as a whole are benefited from the oral health programs carried out at schools. This presentation covers major oral health programs implemented in schools across Middle East and Asia
This document summarizes key aspects of school oral health programmes (SOHP). It defines SOHP and lists their objectives as improving dental health knowledge and practices for students. The ideal requirements, advantages, and elements of SOHP are described. Elements include community involvement, dental screenings, education, preventive programs like fluoride and sealants, referrals, and follow-ups. Incremental and comprehensive models of dental care delivery in SOHPs are also outlined. Global initiatives by organizations like WHO are mentioned, as are some examples of national SOHPs.
The document discusses school health services and their importance. It defines school health and services, listing their main aims as promoting, protecting, and maintaining student health. Key components of school health programs include health screenings, disease prevention, nutrition services, health education, and maintaining health records. The overall goals are preparing students to adopt healthy behaviors and become productive citizens. An effective school health team involves principals, teachers, parents, medical staff, and students working together.
The document outlines the key components of school health services, which include health appraisal of students and staff, prevention and treatment of health issues, and promoting health through education. The goal is to support students' physical, mental and social well-being so they can learn and develop properly. Key aspects covered include immunizations, nutrition programs, dental/eye screenings, mental health support, and health education to form lifelong healthy habits. Maintaining accurate health records is also important to monitor students' health over time.
1. School health services aim to provide promotive, preventive, and curative healthcare to schoolchildren. This helps improve their health, nutrition, learning performance, school enrollment and attendance.
2. Key components of school health programs include screening students, maintaining a healthy school environment, and providing health education. Duties of the school health team include periodic medical inspections, immunizations, and advising parents and school authorities.
3. Common health issues among schoolchildren are malnutrition, communicable diseases, intestinal parasites, and dental/eye/ear problems. Strategies to address these include safe water, health education, medical exams, and establishing referral systems.
Family health/ Community Health Nursing IPratiksha Rai
The document discusses the key aspects of a school health programme. It outlines that the goal of such a program is to promote the overall well-being of school-aged children through initiatives like health screenings, immunizations, nutrition services, health education, and maintaining a healthy school environment. The main components of an ideal school health program include health appraisals of students and staff, preventative measures for communicable diseases, first aid training for teachers, and addressing health issues like malnutrition, dental health, and mental health. Maintaining accurate health records for each student is also emphasized.
Project Proposal on Promotion of School Health and Nutrition (POSHAN) ProjectMohammad Aslam Shaiekh
The POSHAN Project aims to promote school health and nutrition in 4 villages in Nepal over 2 years. It will establish Child Care Centers in schools to provide health screenings, treatment, and nutrition services. It will implement several strategies, including developing school health policies, providing safe water and sanitation, delivering health education, and offering health and nutrition services in schools. The project expects to improve students' health, education outcomes, and social equity in a cost-effective manner by ensuring children are healthy, well-nourished, and able to fully participate in and benefit from their education.
This document outlines the key components of a school health services program. It discusses (1) periodic medical examinations of students and staff, (2) providing referrals and follow-up care for issues found during exams, (3) immunizing students according to the national schedule, (4) maintaining a healthy school environment, (5) providing nutritional services like mid-day meals, (6) training teachers in first aid and having an emergency plan, (7) addressing students' mental health needs, (8) incorporating dental health, (9) conducting eye exams and care, (10) providing health education, (11) educating handicapped children, and (12) keeping comprehensive health records. The goal is to promote
The document summarizes dental health programs and the role of school dental health programs. It discusses designing dental health programs for different groups like school children, industrial workers, and the handicapped. School dental health programs aim to provide optimal oral health to students through prevention, screening, treatment, and health education. The duties of school dental health dentists include case finding through various examination and screening methods, referral for treatment, dental health education, follow up, and excusing students for dental treatment. Programs also provide dental care for disadvantaged children who cannot otherwise afford it.
School health services aim to promote the health and well-being of students. There are six key components:
1) Health appraisal and screening to identify health issues early.
2) Preventing communicable diseases through immunizations.
3) Maintaining a healthful school environment with proper sanitation, lighting, and facilities.
4) Providing nutritional services like mid-day meals to ensure students' nutritional needs are met.
5) Offering first aid and emergency care training for teachers to respond to student injuries and illnesses.
6) Implementing comprehensive health education to promote healthy behaviors.
The document discusses school health services, which aim to promote, protect, and maintain the health of school children. It defines school health and school health services. The objectives of school health services are to promote positive health, prevent diseases, provide early diagnosis and treatment, increase health awareness, and ensure a healthful environment. The key components of school health programs discussed are health appraisal, remedial measures, disease prevention, nutrition services, first aid, mental health services, dental/eye health, health education, and maintaining health records. The school health team involves principals, teachers, parents, community members, children, medical officers, and nurses.
The document summarizes India's school health program. It discusses the WHO definition of school health, the evolution of school health services in India since 1909, and the current national program implemented in all government and private schools. The key components of the program include health screenings and services, immunizations, deworming, nutrition interventions, and the Mid-Day Meal Scheme. The objectives are to promote health, prevent diseases, provide early treatment, and create a healthful school environment. Specific aspects covered include health appraisals, treatment and follow-up, disease prevention, nutrition, and programs for dental, eye, and mental health.
The document summarizes India's school health program, which aims to promote health and prevent diseases among school-aged children. It discusses various components of the program, including school health services, mid-day meal schemes, and other initiatives related to nutrition, immunization, eye/dental health, and more. The program is implemented nationwide through state and district health administrations working with education departments. It seeks to address common health issues among students and establish healthy school environments.
This document discusses the components of a school health program. It defines a school health program as procedures to promote student and staff health physically, mentally, socially and emotionally. The key components discussed are the school environment, health services, health education, nutrition services, physical activity education, counseling/psychological services, and parent/community involvement. Health services include preventive services like health screenings and immunizations, as well as curative services. The roles of the school health nurse are also outlined.
This document discusses the components and objectives of school health programs in India. It notes that school health programs aim to provide preventive, promotive and curative health services to students. The key components discussed include health screening and services, immunizations, deworming, health education, nutrition services, maintenance of a healthful school environment, first aid, and focusing on issues like dental, eye and mental health. The objectives are to promote students' overall health and development, prevent diseases, inculcate healthy habits, and create health awareness among students, parents and teachers.
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The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
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2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
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5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
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2. CONTENTS
Introduction
Definition
Aspects of school health programs
Objectives
Ideal requirements
Advantages
Elements/components
Some school oral health programs
WHO’s global school health initiative
Incremental care
Comprehensive care
Conclusion
3. INTRODUCTION
School health is an important aspect of any community health
program. It is an economical and powerful means of raising community
health in future generations.
Towards the end of 19th century William Fisher, a dentist of England
was so concerned by the high caries experience and lack of treatment in
the child population that he devoted much time for campaigning for
compulsory inspection and treatment of children in schools.
The beginning of School Health Service in India dates back to 1909, in
Baroda city.
In 1953 the Secondary Education Committee emphasized the need for
school nutrition programs.
4. INTRODUCTION
In 1960, the government of India constituted a School Health Committee,
and submitted its report in 1961.
The “Tokyo Declaration” was made on July 19th ,2001 at 1st Asian
Conference on Oral Health Promotion for School Children, Tokyo.
The “Ayutthaya Declaration” was made on February 23rd , 2003 at the 2nd
Asian Conference of Oral Health Promotion for School Children held in
Ayutthaya , Thailand.
The “ Bangalore Declaration” was made on January 28th , 2005 at the WHO
workshop on prevention and promotion of oral health through schools held
at Bangalore.
5. DEFINITION
School Health Services are defined as the “procedures
established
a) to appraise the health status of pupils and school personnel
b) to counsel pupils, parents, and others concerning appraisal
findings
c) to encourage the correction of remediable defects
d) to assist in the identification and education of handicapped
children
e) to help prevent and control disease and
f) to provide emergency service for injury or sudden sickness”.
6. ASPECTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
Health appraisal
Health counselling
Emergency care and first aid
School health education in which it should cover
a) personal hygiene b) environmental health c) family life
Maintenance of school health records
Curative services
7. OBJECTIVES
To help every school child appreciate the importance of
a healthy mouth.
To help every school child appreciate the relationship of
dental health to general health and appearance.
To encourage the observance of dental health practices,
including personal care, professional care, proper diet,
and oral habits.
To correlate dental health activities with total school
health program.
To stimulate dentists to perform adequate health
services for children.
8. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS
A school oral health program should
1. Be administratively sound
2. Be available to all children
3. Provide the facts about dentistry and dental care, especially about
self-care preventive procedure
4. Aid in the development of favorable attitudes toward dental
health.
5. Provide screening methods for the early identification and referral
of pathology.
9. ADVANTAGES
can bring comprehensive dental care including preventive measures to school
children where they are gathered anyway for non dental reasons in the largest
possible numbers .
from childhood to adolescence.
less threatening than private cleaning offices since the children are in familiar
surroundings.
will be relatively easy to maintain their dental health in adult life.
Utilizing dental auxiliaries can further reduce the cost.
A regular dental attendance pattern in early life will be continued after school age.
If parents have to escort children to a private dental office, he/she will lose income for
that day.
10. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
1. Improving school-community relations
2. Conducting dental inspections
3. Conducting dental health education
4. Performing specific programs
5. Referral for dental care
6. Follow-up
11. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
I. Improving school-community relations:
One of the first steps in organizing a dental health program is the
formation of an advisory committee. The task of these committee is
1. To appraise and publicize the dental needs of the school children.
2. To address the school administration’s concern in the promotion of
oral health.
3.To make people realize the importance of dental health.
II. Conducting dental inspections:
In a situation where the extent of dental diseases among school
children is found to be 95% or more, a program of dental inspection
becomes necessary.
12. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
A few are of opinion that it would be a waste of money, manpower, material
and time to examine for a disease which occurs almost universally and which
demands treatment.
The other sections are in favor of dental inspections.
Benefits of school dental inspections:
It serves as a basis for school dental health education.
It builds a positive attitude in the child toward the dentist and dental care.
The child and the parent are motivated to seek adequate professional care.
Teachers, students, and dentists concerned with dental health may use the
dental inspection as a fact finding experience.
Baseline and cumulative data for evaluation of the school dental health
program are made available.
13. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
III. Conducting dental health education:
A school dental health program should include a suggested formal
approach to teaching health in the classroom.
The dentist serves as the expert resource person to strengthen the
teacher’s classroom program. He should give each teacher sincere
attention.
This is important in developing proper attitudes and personal dental
health practices by the teacher which can be passed on to the
classroom.
14. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
IV. Performing specific programs:
A) Tooth brushing programs
B) Classroom based fluoride programs:
1. Fluoride ‘ mouth- rinse’ program
2. Fluoride tablet program
C) School water fluoridation programs
D) Nutrition as a part of school preventive dentistry programs
E) Sealant placement
F) Science fairs
15. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
V. Referral for dental care:
• In a few schools dental care is provided at the school itself.
• However if only emergency treatment is provided, e.g.: If the
dental auxiliary places eugenol –soaked cotton in a child’s cavity
to relieve the pain, the parent doesn’t see the child in pain and
might conclude that the school has taken care of the dental
program.
• Therefore the parent should be informed and made to
understand that such emergency treatment is not a cure and she
will have to visit the dentist of her choice for proper dental
treatment.
16. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
Blanket referral:
In this program all children are given referral card to take home and
subsequently give the card to the dentist who will sign the cards on the
completion of examination, treatment, or both.
The signed card are then returned to the school nurse or classroom teacher
who play an important role in follow up with the child and the parents.
17. ELEMENTS/ COMPONENTS
VI. Follow-up:
The mere issuance of referral slips to children will be of little value if steps
are not taken to make it clear that the school is interested in defect
correction.
This needs a good follow up system.
The dental hygienist is the logical person to conduct such follow up
examinations.
Leave concessions from school for dental treatment are strongly
recommended.
That is children should be excused to keep office appointments with the
physician or dentist during school hours.
18. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
1. “LEARNING ABOUT YOUR ORAL HEALTH” – A PREVENTION
ORIENTED SCHOOL PROGRAM.
This program was developed by the “American Dental Association” (ADA)
and their consultants in1971.
The primary goal of this program is to develop the knowledge, skills and
attitudes needed for prevention of dental diseases among school children.
The program is divided into 5 levels:
Level I – Kindergarten through grade 3
Level II – grade 4 through 6
Level III – grade 7 through 9
Level IV – grade 10 through 12
The core material for level V is self contained in a teaching packet that
allows the classroom teacher to adapt the presentation to the needs of the
students.
19. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
2. “TATTLETOOTH PROGRAM”- TEXAS STATEWIDE PREVENTIVE
DENTISTRY PROGRAM.
The Tattletooth program was developed in1974-1976 as a cooperative effort
between Texas Dental health professional organizations, the Texas Education
Agency .
In 1989, the Bureau of dental health developed a new program to replace the
existing Tattletooth Program II.
The program embraces the six elements of effective lesson design;
1. Anticipatory set 4. Checking for understanding
2. Setting the objective 5. Guided practice
3.Input modeling 6. Independent practice
20. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAM
Program evaluation:
The students in the grades 3,5,7,9 and 11 were given the Texas
Assessment of Academic Skills by the Texas Education agency to satisfy
the legislative requirement that students performances be assessed.
Teacher evaluation is done annually by principals and supervisors using
65 item checklist.
Results - Dental knowledge - Plaque levels by 15% - Over 80%
teachers judged the program to be helpful and effectful.
21. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAM
3. ASKOV DENTAL DEMONSTRATION
Askov is a small farming community with a population mostly of Danish extraction. It
showed very high dental caries in the initial surveys made in 1943 & 1946.
All recognized methods for preventing dental caries were used in the demonstration with
the exception of communal water fluoridation since until 1955 Askov had no communal
water supply.
Dental care was rendered by a group of give dentists from nearby communities employed
by the Minnesota Department Of Health. These dentists gave topical fluoride treatments.
The program had many intangible benefits such as good health and dietary habits for the
children to carry on to adult life.
Results : * 28% in dental caries in primary teeth (age 3 to 5)
* 34% caries in permanent teeth (age 6 to 12)
* 14% caries in permanent teeth (age 13 to 17)
22. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAM
4. NORTH CAROLINA STATEWIDE PREVENTIVE DENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM:
In 1970 the North Carolina dental society passed resolution advocating a strong
preventive dental disease program embracing school and community fluoridation, fluoride
treatments for school children, plaque control education in school and communities.
This program is unique i.e. it is designed to reach several segments of population
In 1990 the services provided through this program included
- fluoridation of water supplies of 130 rural schools
- weekly fluoride rinse for more than 416,000 students in 1051 schools
- screening and referral and dental health education presented to 361,000 students
Results: *34% in D , M ,F , permanent teeth among children(drinking F water for 8
yrs)
*53% in D , M ,F , permanent teeth among children(drinking F water for 10
yrs)
23. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAM
5. SCHOOL HEALTH ADDITIONAL REFFERAL
PROGRAMME(SHARP):
Instituted in Philadelphia – purpose of motivating parents into
initiating action for correction of defects in their children through
effective utilisation of community resources.
Carried out by district nurses with the cooperation of school
personnel.
The nurses made daytime visits to families in which the mother is at
home.
The one to one basis of health guidance between parent and health
worker established better rapport between parent and home.
24. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
6. TEENAGE HEALTH EDUCATION TEACHING ASSISTANTS
PROGRAM ( THETA PROGRAM)
Developed by the National Foundation for the prevention of oral disease for
the US department of Health and Welfare, Division Of dental health.
Philosophy:
Dental personnel train high school children to teach preventive dentistry to
elementary school children.
Goals:
To give knowledge & skills to young children.
Allows high school children to develop understanding of young children
Introduce them to career opportunities.
25. SOME SCHOOL ORAL HEALTH PROGRAMS
6. COLGATE’S BRIGHT SMILES, BRIGHT FUTURES:
“The Colgate bright smiles, bright futures” oral health educational program
worldwide was developed to teach children positive oral health habits of basic
hygiene, diet and physical activity.
This program also encourages dental professionals, public health officials, most
importantly parents and educators to come together to emphasize the
importance of oral health as part of a child’s overall physical and emotional
development.
Under this program, children in primary schools receive instructions in dental
care from members of the dental professionals nominated by IDA. Education is
impaired with the aid of audio visual and printed literature.
Free dental health care packs are distributed to encourage good oral hygiene.
26. WHO’S GLOBAL SCHOOL HEALTH
INITIATIVE
WHO’s Global school health initiative, launched in1995, seek to mobilize and
strengthen health promotion and education activities at the local, national,
regional and global levels.
The initiative is designed to improve the health of students, school petsonnel,
families and other members of the community through schools.
Strategies: 1. Research to improve school health programs.
2. Building capacity to advocate for improved school health
programs.
3. Strengthening national capacities.
4.Creating network and alliances for the development of health
promoting schools.
27. INCREMENTAL CARE
Incremental Care may be defined as “periodic Care so spaced that increments of
dental diseases are treated at the earliest time consistent with proper diagnosis
and operating efficiency, in such a way that there is no accumulation of dental
needs beyond the minimum”.
In private practice 6 months is the commonest, though not the only interval
between visits. In public health programs, one year interval are usually
implemented.
ADVANTAGES:
Lesions of dental caries are treated before there has been a chance for pulpal
involvement.
Periodontal disease is intercepted at or near the beginning.
28. INCREMENTAL CARE
Topical and other preventive measures are maintained on a periodic basis.
Bills for dental services are equalized and regularly spaced.
The program avoids the high expenditure of late dental care.
Confines dental diseases to small early increments, thus reducing loss of teeth.
DISADVANTAGES:
Time consuming
Attention to deciduous teeth
Increasing likelihood of interruption in children’s dental health programs
29. COMPREHENSIVE CARE
Comprehensive dental care is the meeting of accumulated dental
needs at the time a population group is taken into the program
(initial care) and the detection and correction of new increments of
dental disease on a semiannual or other periodic basis (maintenance
care).
Preventive measures aimed to minimize disease are a part of
comprehensive dental care.
Service are provided not only to eliminate pain and infection but also
to :
30. COMPREHENSIVE CARE
1. Restore serviceable teeth to good functional form,
2. Replacing missing teeth,
3. Provide maintenance Care for the control of early lesions of
dental disease
4. Provide preventive measures, educational and otherwise, so
that the population may experience a lower prevalence of
disease.
• Dental care from WOMB to TOMB, this is comprehensive dental
care in the true sense.
31. CONCLUSION
A school oral health program should not impose an excess or
unusual teaching burden on the teachers, it should be cost effective in
manpower, money and material and it should produce observable
results. Since children are often the most important victims of dental
health of the school children are of great importance in promoting oral
health of the community.
32. MCQ
PICK THE ODD ONE OUT:
1. School health services are the procedures established to ,
A. Appraise the health status of pupils and school personnel
B. To counsel pupils, parents, and other concerning appraisal findings
C. To find the ratio between incidence of disease among exposed and non exposed person
D. To provide emergency services for injury and sudden sickness
36. MCQ
Pick the odd one out
3. In ASKOV dental demonstration oral health program the methods used for
preventing dental caries are
A. Dental health education
B. Fluoride mouth rinse
C. Communal water fluoridation
D. Tooth brushing programs
38. MCQ
• 4. THETA program was established to prevent the oral diseases by
A. By training dental professionals to teach preventive dentistry to the students
B. By training high school children to teach preventive dentistry to elementary students
C. By training teachers to teach about oral health to students
D. By doing oral health awareness programs.