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2. In today’s class, I am learning to:
• Explain why the Scots lost the Battle
of Falkirk
The Battle of Falkirk
3. Although William Wallace led the Scots to victory at
Stirling Bridge, his army was completely overwhelmed
by King Edward’s army at the Battle of Falkirk.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
4. There were various
reasons for the Scots’
defeat at Falkirk, including:
• Scottish cavalry actions
• Scottish leadership
• English military strength
• English leadership
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
5. Early in the battle, English
knights charged at the
Scottish cavalry.
The Scottish cavalry left
the battle after this attack
(some people even say
they were bribed to do so).
Scotland’s remaining army
was then defenceless.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
6. Victory at Stirling Bridge
was achieved with William
Wallace and Andrew de
Moray as leaders.
Many people believe that
Moray was actually the
more effective military
leader. However Moray
died after Stirling Bridge so
was not at Falkirk.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
7. Wallace’s Falkirk decisions
have been criticised.
Some people say that the
Scots should not have
taken part in the battle.
They were not organised
to fight, and had not
trained at the battlefield,
unlike at Stirling Bridge.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
8. Others have suggested that
the schiltrons were not an
effective tactic at Falkirk.
The muddy, marshy
ground in front of the
schiltrons made it difficult
for them to move or attack
the English. However it left
them open to archer attack
by England.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
9. The English army was
much bigger than
Scotland’s, with around
14,000 soldiers, compared
to Scotland’s 7000. England
also had more longbows
and knights on horseback.
All of this made it much
easier for the English army
to fight and win.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
10. The English army was not
just bigger than Scotland’s,
it was also more organised.
Many of the English army
were professional soldiers,
receiving daily wages for
their work. Some Scots on
the other hand were
farmers forced being to
fight by their landowners.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
11. Unlike at Stirling Bridge,
England had a very strong
military leadership.
Not only were many of
England’s most
experienced army
commanders at the battle,
they were led by King
Edward, himself a very
skilful soldier.
Why the Scots lost at Falkirk
