Scleroderma - A quick revision
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Scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease that causes hardening of the skin. It results from an overproduction of collagen in the body's tissues. The cause is unknown but likely involves immune system problems, genetics, and environmental triggers. Scleroderma can lead to complications by scarring and reducing function of internal organs like the lungs, kidneys, and heart. It also causes problems with fingers, teeth, digestion, and sexual function.
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Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune disease that causes scaly patches on the skin called plaques when immune system signals speed up skin cell growth. It can affect the nails and has different classifications including plaque, pustular, guttate, and forms linked to arthritis. Psoriasis reduces quality of life similarly to other chronic conditions. Genetics and immune system issues contribute to its cause. Diagnosis is usually based on visual inspection, though biopsies can confirm. Management includes topical treatments, phototherapy, systemic drugs, and alternative therapies. Psoriasis has no cure but available treatments can control symptoms.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common skin condition characterized by red, scaly skin patches that are usually found on the scalp, elbows and knees, and may be associated with joint pain and stiffness. It is caused by an immune system disorder and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Treatment options include topical creams and ointments, oral medications, light therapy, and management of flare-ups through control of triggers like stress, smoking, and alcohol use.
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is a rare chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the skin and muscles. It commonly presents with a reddish rash around the eyelids called heliotrope rash and red papules over the knuckles. Symptoms include proximal muscle weakness, skin changes like rashes and discoloration, and in some cases lung or heart involvement. Diagnosis involves diagnostic criteria of rash and muscle symptoms plus elevated enzymes and muscle biopsy. Treatment focuses on immunosuppressants like corticosteroids and azathioprine to reduce inflammation.
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by hardening of the skin and internal organs. There are two main forms: localized, which only affects the skin, and systemic, which also damages internal organs like the heart, lungs, and kidneys. Systemic scleroderma can be limited, mainly affecting the hands, arms, and face, or diffuse, rapidly progressing and affecting more widespread areas of skin and internal organs. Common complications include pulmonary arterial hypertension, esophageal dysfunction, and kidney or heart failure. There is no cure, but organ complications are treated.
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a multisystem collagen vascular disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It results from endothelial cell injury, fibroblast activation, and immune system involvement. The two main types are limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, which affects the skin of the hands and face, and diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, which has more extensive skin involvement. Major organ manifestations include pulmonary fibrosis, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, heart and kidney involvement. Treatment focuses on preventing further organ damage through immunosuppression and addressing specific organ system complications.
Lyell's syndrome or Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), also known as Lyell's syndrome, is a rare, life-threatening skin condition usually caused by an adverse drug reaction. It causes the top layer of skin to detach from the lower layers all over the body, leaving the body susceptible to severe infection. TEN progresses from a rash and blisters to large areas of skin sloughing off and can involve mucous membranes. It has overall mortality rate of around 30% and treatment aims to discontinue the causative drug and provide supportive care to protect the skin and monitor fluid and electrolyte balance.
Bacterial skin infection- dermatology
This document discusses various bacterial skin infections, including:
- Impetigo, which is caused by Staph aureus or Strep and presents as non-bullous or bullous sores;
- Folliculitis, which is the inflammation of hair follicles that can be caused by Staph;
- Furuncles/boils and carbuncles, which are deep Staph infections of hair follicles;
- Cellulitis, a bacterial infection of subcutaneous tissues, and erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection;
- Erythrasma, a chronic infection of the skin caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Urticaria (Hives) : causes, symptoms and treatments
Urticaria is a skin problem triggered by reaction to food, medicine or allergic to any other thing. Urticaria leads to red, itchy, and swollen skin. This disease is also known as Hives. Hives formed due to allergy, changes size rapidly and often move around, in different parts of the body.
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Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune disease that causes scaly patches on the skin called plaques when immune system signals speed up skin cell growth. It can affect the nails and has different classifications including plaque, pustular, guttate, and forms linked to arthritis. Psoriasis reduces quality of life similarly to other chronic conditions. Genetics and immune system issues contribute to its cause. Diagnosis is usually based on visual inspection, though biopsies can confirm. Management includes topical treatments, phototherapy, systemic drugs, and alternative therapies. Psoriasis has no cure but available treatments can control symptoms.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common skin condition characterized by red, scaly skin patches that are usually found on the scalp, elbows and knees, and may be associated with joint pain and stiffness. It is caused by an immune system disorder and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Treatment options include topical creams and ointments, oral medications, light therapy, and management of flare-ups through control of triggers like stress, smoking, and alcohol use.
Dermatomyositis
Dermatomyositis is a rare chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the skin and muscles. It commonly presents with a reddish rash around the eyelids called heliotrope rash and red papules over the knuckles. Symptoms include proximal muscle weakness, skin changes like rashes and discoloration, and in some cases lung or heart involvement. Diagnosis involves diagnostic criteria of rash and muscle symptoms plus elevated enzymes and muscle biopsy. Treatment focuses on immunosuppressants like corticosteroids and azathioprine to reduce inflammation.
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by hardening of the skin and internal organs. There are two main forms: localized, which only affects the skin, and systemic, which also damages internal organs like the heart, lungs, and kidneys. Systemic scleroderma can be limited, mainly affecting the hands, arms, and face, or diffuse, rapidly progressing and affecting more widespread areas of skin and internal organs. Common complications include pulmonary arterial hypertension, esophageal dysfunction, and kidney or heart failure. There is no cure, but organ complications are treated.
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a multisystem collagen vascular disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It results from endothelial cell injury, fibroblast activation, and immune system involvement. The two main types are limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis, which affects the skin of the hands and face, and diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, which has more extensive skin involvement. Major organ manifestations include pulmonary fibrosis, gastrointestinal tract abnormalities, heart and kidney involvement. Treatment focuses on preventing further organ damage through immunosuppression and addressing specific organ system complications.
Lyell's syndrome or Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), also known as Lyell's syndrome, is a rare, life-threatening skin condition usually caused by an adverse drug reaction. It causes the top layer of skin to detach from the lower layers all over the body, leaving the body susceptible to severe infection. TEN progresses from a rash and blisters to large areas of skin sloughing off and can involve mucous membranes. It has overall mortality rate of around 30% and treatment aims to discontinue the causative drug and provide supportive care to protect the skin and monitor fluid and electrolyte balance.
Bacterial skin infection- dermatology
This document discusses various bacterial skin infections, including:
- Impetigo, which is caused by Staph aureus or Strep and presents as non-bullous or bullous sores;
- Folliculitis, which is the inflammation of hair follicles that can be caused by Staph;
- Furuncles/boils and carbuncles, which are deep Staph infections of hair follicles;
- Cellulitis, a bacterial infection of subcutaneous tissues, and erysipelas, a superficial streptococcal infection;
- Erythrasma, a chronic infection of the skin caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.
Urticaria (Hives) : causes, symptoms and treatments
Urticaria is a skin problem triggered by reaction to food, medicine or allergic to any other thing. Urticaria leads to red, itchy, and swollen skin. This disease is also known as Hives. Hives formed due to allergy, changes size rapidly and often move around, in different parts of the body.
Atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with respiratory allergies. It is characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and intense itch. Genetic factors like filaggrin mutations cause skin barrier defects allowing allergens and microbes to trigger immune responses. The disease involves type 2 immunity cytokines activating neurons to produce itch. Staphylococcus aureus colonization exacerbates inflammation. Clinical features include erythematous patches and plaques with lichenification in chronic cases.
Psoriasis
The word Psoriasis is derived from Greek word ‘Psora’ means itching.
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease results in patches of thick red skin covered with the silvery scales.
It affect approximately 2% of the population.
It occurs in any age group, most commonly occur in people between 15 – 35 years of age.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a common bacterial skin infection that affects the superficial layers of the epidermis. It is highly contagious and most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Impetigo commonly affects children in developing countries and the incidence in India is approximately 6%. It presents as vesicles or pustules that rupture and form honey-colored crusts. Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics like mupirocin, retapamulin, cephalexin, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Proper hygiene and wound care are also important to prevent the spread of impetigo.
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This document discusses various skin manifestations of systemic diseases. It describes conditions like acanthosis nigricans, necrobiosis lipoidica, bullous diabeticorum, and diabetic dermopathy that can indicate underlying diabetes. It also covers signs of thyroid disorders like thyroid acropachy and pretibial myxedema. Skin findings in adrenal diseases like Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease are outlined as well, along with conditions associated with inflammatory bowel disease and malnutrition like pellagra. A wide range of cutaneous clues are presented to help practitioners identify potential systemic processes causing dermatological complaints.
Pyoderma
Impetigo is a skin infection that involves only the epidermis. There are two types: bullous caused by Staphylococcus aureus and non-bullous caused by S. aureus or Streptococcus. It starts as vesicles or pustules and causes itching and burning. Ecthyma is a deep skin infection that causes punched out ulcers and surrounding erythema. Folliculitis causes multiple pustules around hair follicles, while furuncle is a deeper, nodular pus-filled infection. A carbuncle is a cluster of furuncles commonly seen in diabetics in the neck region and may require oral antibiotics.
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. It is caused by abnormal immune cell activation and autoantibody production. SLE affects about 5 million people worldwide and 3 per 100,000 in India. Risk factors include family history, smoking, infections, medications, stress, and female sex. SLE is diagnosed through medical history, clinical presentation, lab tests for autoantibodies and organ damage. Treatment involves medications to suppress the immune system such as corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate, and rituximab.
Steven johnson syndrome & ten
Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe skin reaction typically caused by drug reactions. It is characterized by painful sores and blisters in the mouth, eyes, and other mucus membranes. SJS progresses to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) when over 30% of the skin is affected and shows widespread damage. Both SJS and TEN can cause blindness, infection, and death if not properly treated with fluid replacement, antibiotics, steroids, and stopping the causative drug. Prompt diagnosis and management are important to prevent complications and improve prognosis of these potentially life-threatening conditions.
Common Skin Diseases
This document contains 10 multiple choice questions about common skin diseases, along with explanations for each answer. The questions cover topics like scabies, psoriasis, tinea capitis, bullous pemphigoid, hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, and erythema induratum. The explanations provide details about the diagnoses, typical presentations, treatments, and pathogenic mechanisms of the various skin conditions.
dermatology.Bulluos diseases.(dr.darseem)
Bullous diseases involve the formation of blisters or vesicles in the epidermis or dermis. There are several types of bullous disorders of immunological origin where autoantibodies damage skin molecules. Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease where antibodies form against desmoglein proteins, causing blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. Pemphigoid also involves autoantibodies targeting basement membrane zone proteins, resulting in tense subepidermal blisters mainly affecting the elderly. Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with celiac disease and granular IgA deposits in the skin, causing extremely itchy grouped vesicles.
Scleroderma
Systemic sclerosis is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It can be classified as either limited or diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The disease mainly affects women in their 30s-50s and is characterized by Raynaud's phenomenon, skin thickening, and organ involvement such as pulmonary fibrosis, gastrointestinal issues, and renal crisis. Prognosis depends on the subtype, with diffuse disease having a worse prognosis and higher mortality rates due to organ complications.
SLE
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing inflammation and damage. It is characterized by periods of disease flares and remission. Common symptoms include joint pain, rashes, and fatigue. SLE can affect many organs like the skin, lungs, heart, and kidneys. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, lab tests like antinuclear antibodies, and sometimes biopsies. Treatment aims to reduce symptoms during flares and prevent organ damage using medications like corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressants. SLE affects mostly women of childbearing age and has no known cure.
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Bullous diseases
This document summarizes several bullous diseases:
1. It describes the locations and characteristics of vesicles and bullae. Vesicles can form within or under the epidermis or between the dermis and epidermis.
2. It then focuses on three main immunobullous diseases - pemphigus, pemphigoid, and linear IgA bullous disease. Pemphigus is caused by antibodies against desmoglein proteins and features flaccid blisters. Pemphigoid features tense blisters caused by antibodies against basement membrane proteins. Linear IgA bullous disease clinically resembles pemphigoid.
3. Dermatitis herpetiformis is described
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Scleroderma
Systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma, is a multisystem disorder characterized by vascular abnormalities, skin and organ fibrosis, and immune system activation. It can be classified as either diffuse or limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis based on the extent and pattern of skin involvement. Common clinical features include Raynaud's phenomenon, skin thickening, gastrointestinal issues, lung fibrosis, and renal crisis. Treatment involves managing symptoms, with immunosuppressants sometimes used to modify disease progression. Prognosis depends on subtype, with limited scleroderma carrying a better long-term survival rate than diffuse disease.
Scleroderma
Scleroderma is a rare disease characterized by hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. It occurs when the immune system causes excessive production of collagen protein in the body. This results in thickened, tight skin and potential scarring of internal organs like the lungs and kidneys. The disease most commonly affects women ages 30-50. While there is no cure, treatments can help ease symptoms and improve quality of life by targeting skin hardening, tightness, and internal organ involvement. The exact cause is unknown but is likely due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors that trigger an autoimmune response.
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Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with respiratory allergies. It is characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and intense itch. Genetic factors like filaggrin mutations cause skin barrier defects allowing allergens and microbes to trigger immune responses. The disease involves type 2 immunity cytokines activating neurons to produce itch. Staphylococcus aureus colonization exacerbates inflammation. Clinical features include erythematous patches and plaques with lichenification in chronic cases.
Psoriasis
The word Psoriasis is derived from Greek word ‘Psora’ means itching.
Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease results in patches of thick red skin covered with the silvery scales.
It affect approximately 2% of the population.
It occurs in any age group, most commonly occur in people between 15 – 35 years of age.
Impetigo
Impetigo is a common bacterial skin infection that affects the superficial layers of the epidermis. It is highly contagious and most often caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria. Impetigo commonly affects children in developing countries and the incidence in India is approximately 6%. It presents as vesicles or pustules that rupture and form honey-colored crusts. Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics like mupirocin, retapamulin, cephalexin, or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Proper hygiene and wound care are also important to prevent the spread of impetigo.
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Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop when strep throat or scarlet fever isn't properly treated , it can caused rheumatic heart disease . Strep throat and scarlet fever are caused by an infection with group A beta hemolytic streptococcus bacteria.
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This document provides information about systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It defines SLE as a multi-system autoimmune disease affecting various organs mediated by autoantibodies and immune complexes. The causes are unknown but may involve genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. SLE can affect many organ systems like the kidneys, lungs, heart, and nervous system, causing a variety of clinical manifestations. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, medical history, physical exam, and laboratory tests. Treatment depends on disease severity and organ involvement, and may include medications like NSAIDs, antimalarials, corticosteroids, and cytotoxic drugs. Special considerations are given to SLE in pregnancy and neonates.
Systemic Sclerosis
Systemic Sclerosis is a rare autoimmune disease.Here is a brief review about the clinical presentation and treatment of this disease
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This document discusses various skin manifestations of systemic diseases. It describes conditions like acanthosis nigricans, necrobiosis lipoidica, bullous diabeticorum, and diabetic dermopathy that can indicate underlying diabetes. It also covers signs of thyroid disorders like thyroid acropachy and pretibial myxedema. Skin findings in adrenal diseases like Cushing's syndrome and Addison's disease are outlined as well, along with conditions associated with inflammatory bowel disease and malnutrition like pellagra. A wide range of cutaneous clues are presented to help practitioners identify potential systemic processes causing dermatological complaints.
Pyoderma
Impetigo is a skin infection that involves only the epidermis. There are two types: bullous caused by Staphylococcus aureus and non-bullous caused by S. aureus or Streptococcus. It starts as vesicles or pustules and causes itching and burning. Ecthyma is a deep skin infection that causes punched out ulcers and surrounding erythema. Folliculitis causes multiple pustules around hair follicles, while furuncle is a deeper, nodular pus-filled infection. A carbuncle is a cluster of furuncles commonly seen in diabetics in the neck region and may require oral antibiotics.
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. It is caused by abnormal immune cell activation and autoantibody production. SLE affects about 5 million people worldwide and 3 per 100,000 in India. Risk factors include family history, smoking, infections, medications, stress, and female sex. SLE is diagnosed through medical history, clinical presentation, lab tests for autoantibodies and organ damage. Treatment involves medications to suppress the immune system such as corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate, and rituximab.
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Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe skin reaction typically caused by drug reactions. It is characterized by painful sores and blisters in the mouth, eyes, and other mucus membranes. SJS progresses to toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) when over 30% of the skin is affected and shows widespread damage. Both SJS and TEN can cause blindness, infection, and death if not properly treated with fluid replacement, antibiotics, steroids, and stopping the causative drug. Prompt diagnosis and management are important to prevent complications and improve prognosis of these potentially life-threatening conditions.
Common Skin Diseases
This document contains 10 multiple choice questions about common skin diseases, along with explanations for each answer. The questions cover topics like scabies, psoriasis, tinea capitis, bullous pemphigoid, hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, and erythema induratum. The explanations provide details about the diagnoses, typical presentations, treatments, and pathogenic mechanisms of the various skin conditions.
dermatology.Bulluos diseases.(dr.darseem)
Bullous diseases involve the formation of blisters or vesicles in the epidermis or dermis. There are several types of bullous disorders of immunological origin where autoantibodies damage skin molecules. Pemphigus is an autoimmune disease where antibodies form against desmoglein proteins, causing blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. Pemphigoid also involves autoantibodies targeting basement membrane zone proteins, resulting in tense subepidermal blisters mainly affecting the elderly. Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with celiac disease and granular IgA deposits in the skin, causing extremely itchy grouped vesicles.
Scleroderma
Systemic sclerosis is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It can be classified as either limited or diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The disease mainly affects women in their 30s-50s and is characterized by Raynaud's phenomenon, skin thickening, and organ involvement such as pulmonary fibrosis, gastrointestinal issues, and renal crisis. Prognosis depends on the subtype, with diffuse disease having a worse prognosis and higher mortality rates due to organ complications.
SLE
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing inflammation and damage. It is characterized by periods of disease flares and remission. Common symptoms include joint pain, rashes, and fatigue. SLE can affect many organs like the skin, lungs, heart, and kidneys. Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, lab tests like antinuclear antibodies, and sometimes biopsies. Treatment aims to reduce symptoms during flares and prevent organ damage using medications like corticosteroids, antimalarials, and immunosuppressants. SLE affects mostly women of childbearing age and has no known cure.
Scleroderma by aseem
This document provides an overview of systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma. It defines SSc as a clinically diverse, multisystem disorder characterized by vascular abnormalities, connective tissue sclerosis and atrophy, and autoantibodies. SSc can be limited or diffuse, with limited SSc affecting the face, hands and arms, and diffuse SSc leading to greater organ involvement. The exact causes are unknown but involve endothelial cell injury, genetic factors, and autoimmunity. Diagnosis is based on criteria from the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism and involves assessing skin changes and internal organ involvement. The document outlines the clinical features and systemic effects of both limited
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Bullous diseases
This document summarizes several bullous diseases:
1. It describes the locations and characteristics of vesicles and bullae. Vesicles can form within or under the epidermis or between the dermis and epidermis.
2. It then focuses on three main immunobullous diseases - pemphigus, pemphigoid, and linear IgA bullous disease. Pemphigus is caused by antibodies against desmoglein proteins and features flaccid blisters. Pemphigoid features tense blisters caused by antibodies against basement membrane proteins. Linear IgA bullous disease clinically resembles pemphigoid.
3. Dermatitis herpetiformis is described
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This document defines and describes different types of vasculitis. It begins by defining vasculitis as inflammation of blood vessel walls. The two main ways of classifying vasculitides are by the size of blood vessels involved and the presence or absence of ANCA. Small vessel vasculitis can be ANCA-positive (e.g. Wegener's granulomatosis, Churg-Strauss syndrome) or ANCA-negative (e.g. Henoch-Schönlein purpura). Medium vessel vasculitides include polyarteritis nodosa and Kawasaki's disease. Large vessel vasculitides include giant cell arteritis, Takayasaki's disease, and poly
Scleroderma
Systemic sclerosis, or scleroderma, is a multisystem disorder characterized by vascular abnormalities, skin and organ fibrosis, and immune system activation. It can be classified as either diffuse or limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis based on the extent and pattern of skin involvement. Common clinical features include Raynaud's phenomenon, skin thickening, gastrointestinal issues, lung fibrosis, and renal crisis. Treatment involves managing symptoms, with immunosuppressants sometimes used to modify disease progression. Prognosis depends on subtype, with limited scleroderma carrying a better long-term survival rate than diffuse disease.
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Venus Williams, a 32-year-old African American female professional tennis player, presented with symptoms of dry eyes, dry mouth, dry skin, and enlarged parotid glands. Laboratory tests confirmed Sjogren's syndrome with a high ESR, positive biopsy and antibody results, and abnormal salivary gland function tests. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands causing sicca symptoms. Treatment focuses on symptom management with artificial tears, moisturizers, NSAIDs, and immunosuppressants for major organ involvement.
13038030 surgical-infections
The document discusses various skin and soft tissue infections including furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, and erysipelas. It provides details on symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment for each condition. People who are obese, immunosuppressed, or have defective white blood cells are most at risk. Bacteria enter through breaks in the skin and symptoms include pain, swelling and redness. Infections are typically treated with warm compresses, antibiotics and good hygiene practices. The document also covers sepsis, a serious condition caused by the body's response to infections. Sepsis symptoms may include organ dysfunction and low blood pressure. Treatment focuses on antibiotics, source control and organ support.
S. sjogrens
Sjögren’s (show-grin) syndrome - a syndrome describing xerophthalmia (dry eyes) and xerostomia (dry mouth)- (Sicca complex)-due to immune-mediated destruction of exocrine glands, predominately of lacrimal and salivary.
Safeguard your body
This document discusses 10 common hazards that can increase the risk of cardiovascular problems:
1. Excess alcohol consumption, which can increase blood pressure and the risk of heart attack and stroke.
2. Gum disease, which has been associated with thicker artery walls and increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
3. Smoking, which damages artery linings, raises blood pressure, and at least doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease.
4. Cold weather, respiratory infections, lack of sunshine, air pollution, noise, extreme heat, and toxic chemicals, which can all increase stress on the cardiovascular system, restrict blood flow, raise blood pressure, and promote other conditions that increase heart attack and stroke risk.
PERIO MEDICINE - LINK BETWEEN PERIODONTITIS AND SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS PRI.pptx
This document discusses the impact of periodontal (gum) infections on systemic health. It states that periodontal disease is initiated by bacterial pathogens and can be affected by various environmental, physical and host factors. It then lists several organ systems and conditions that may be influenced by periodontal infection, including the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, reproductive and endocrine systems. Specific diseases that have been associated with periodontal infection include coronary heart disease, diabetes, preterm low birth weight, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. The document discusses several possible mechanisms by which periodontal infection may impact these systemic conditions and diseases.
Systemic sclerosis.pptx
Systemic sclerosis is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It most commonly causes thickening of the skin, Raynaud's phenomenon, and esophageal involvement. The cause is unclear but involves genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers. There is no cure, so treatment focuses on managing symptoms and organ involvement. Management strategies include immunosuppressants for skin fibrosis, calcium channel blockers for Raynaud's, and various drugs for lung, heart, gastrointestinal, and kidney complications of the disease.
scleroderma-191009073259 (1).pdf
Scleroderma is a multisystem collagen vascular disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. It results from endothelial cell injury, fibroblast activation, and immune system involvement. The disease manifests as skin thickening, Raynaud's phenomenon, and organ fibrosis affecting the lungs, heart, kidneys, and gastrointestinal tract. Treatment focuses on preventing further organ damage by treating specific organ system complications like pulmonary hypertension or renal crisis. Prognosis depends on the specific subtype and organ systems involved.
Scleroderma - Dhara
Scleroderma is a group of autoimmune diseases that may result in changes to the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs.
The disease can be either localized to the skin or involve other organs in addition to the skin.
Symptoms may include areas of thickened skin, stiffness, feeling tired, and poor blood flow to the fingers or toes with cold exposure.
RA Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. It can affect multiple organs and is considered a systemic illness. The cause is unknown but is believed to involve genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers activating an immune response. Treatment involves medications to reduce inflammation and slow joint damage, physical therapy, exercise and lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery. The goals are to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, prevent further joint damage, and improve quality of life.
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Scleroderma - A quick revision
- 1. SCLERODERMA
- 2. INTRODUCTION Scleroderma, or systemic sclerosis, is a chronic connective tissue disease generally classified as one of the autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The word “scleroderma” comes from two Greek words: “sclero” meaning hard, and “derma” meaning skin. Hardening of the skin is one of the most visible manifestations of the disease.
- 4. ETIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS : Silica dust Organic solvents PVC Biogenic amines GENETIC PREDISPOSITION DEFECTIVE IMMUNOREGULATION
- 5. Cell mediated immunity CD4/CD8,cytokines Humoral immunity Hypergammaglobulinemia Autoantibody production Antinuclear antibody[+]>95%
- 6. •RISK FACTORS: Genetics. People who have certain gene variations appear to be more likely to develop scleroderma. Environmental triggers. in some people, scleroderma symptoms may be triggered by exposure to certain viruses, medications or drugs. Repeated exposure — such as at work — to certain harmful substances or chemicals also may increase the risk of scleroderma. Immune system problems. Scleroderma is believed to be an autoimmune disease. This means that it occurs in part because the body's immune system begins to attack the connective tissues. In 15 to 20 percent of cases, a person who has scleroderma also has symptoms of another autoimmune disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus or Sjogren's syndrome.
- 7. CAUSES: Scleroderma results from an overproduction and accumulation of collagen in body tissues. Collagen is a fibrous type of protein that makes up your body's connective tissues, including your skin. Doctors don't know exactly what causes the abnormal collagen production to begin, but the body's immune system appears to play a role. Most likely, scleroderma is caused by a combination of factors, including immune system problems, genetics and environmental triggers.
- 8. PATHOGENESIS
- 9. COMPLICATIONS: Fingertips. The variety of Raynaud's disease that occurs with systemic scleroderma can be so severe that the restricted blood flow permanently damages the tissue at the fingertips, causing pits or skin sores. Lungs. Scarring of lung tissue can result in reduced lung function, which can impact your ability to breathe and tolerance for exercise. You may also develop high blood pressure in the arteries to your lungs. Kidneys. When scleroderma affects your kidneys, you can develop elevated blood pressure and an increased level of protein in your urine. More-serious effects of kidney complications may include renal crisis, which involves a sudden increase in blood pressure and rapid kidney failure.
- 10. Heart. Scarring of heart tissue increases your risk of abnormal heartbeats and congestive heart failure, and can cause inflammation of the sac surrounding your heart. Teeth. Severe tightening of facial skin can cause your mouth to become smaller and narrower, which may make it hard to brush your teeth or to have them professionally cleaned. People who have scleroderma often don't produce normal amounts of saliva, so the risk of dental decay increases more. Digestive system. Digestive problems associated with scleroderma can lead to heartburn and difficulty swallowing. It can also cause bouts of cramps, bloating, constipation or diarrhea. Sexual function. Men who have scleroderma may experience erectile dysfunction. Scleroderma may also affect the sexual function of women by decreasing sexual lubrication and constricting the vaginal opening.