This document discusses various methods used for research in social science, including both scientific and alternative approaches. It outlines key methods like the historical method, case study method, comparative method, cross-cultural method, mathematical method, sample survey, participant observation, and experimental method. It also describes the scientific method and its typical steps of selecting a topic, reviewing literature, formulating hypotheses, conducting research design including data collection and analysis, testing hypotheses, and developing generalizations. The document concludes with noting the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and statistical analysis for social science research.

1. Paper Presentation BA Economics Program WELCOMES Group B FASNA P.E. NAJMUNNIS A .K. SUNEESH K.K SABEEH E. SAFI Institute of Advanced Study

2. Scientific and Alternative Methods of Research in Social Science

3. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Introduction to Social Science and Social Science Research Alternative Methods Historical Method Case study method The comparative method The cross Culture method The Mathematical method Sample survey Participant observation The experiment Method The Scientific Methods & Steps Selection and defining topic Reviewing the Literature Formulating Hypothesis Research Design (Collection, Classifying, Analysis of data) Testing Hypothesis Generalization Interdisciplinary Approach Statistical Analysis and Social Science Conclusion Contents

4. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Introduction to Social Science and Social Science Research

5. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Social Science The field of human knowledge that deals with all aspects of the group life of human beings. So it is subject to change with the changes the human behavior. Meaning of Research Research can be defined as the search for knowledge, or as any systematic investigation, to establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems, prove new ideas, or develop new theories, usually using a scientific method.

7. Case study method

8. The comparative method

9. The cross Culture method

10. The Mathematical method

11. Sample survey

12. Participant observation

19. Participant observation is a type of research strategy.

20. It is a widely used methodology in cultural anthropology, sociology, communication studies, social psychology and etc

22. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science The Scientific Method & its steps Selection and defining Topic Reviewing the Literature Formulating Hypothesis Research Design (Collection, Classifying, Analysis of data) Testing Hypothesis Generalization

23. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science The Scientific Method of Research Scientific method of research refers to a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.

24. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Terms related to Scientific Methods Concept Theory Research.

25. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Selection and defining Topic Reviewing the Literature Formulating Hypothesis Research Design (Collection, Classifying, Analysis of data) Testing Hypothesis Generalization

26. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Selection and defining Topic FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM : Researchers organize their research by formulating and defining a research problem. This helps them focus the research process so that they can draw conclusions reflecting the real world in the best possible way.

27. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Reviewing the Literature A literature review is aims to review the critical points of current knowledge including substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. Literature reviews are secondary sources

28. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Formulating Hypothesis A hypothesis is a tentative statement or explanation for a phenomenon that is subjected to testing and verification.

29. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Research Design Collection of Data Classification of Data Analysis of Data

30. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science The Scientific Method & its steps Testing Hypothesis A statistical hypothesis test is a method of making decisions using data, whether from a controlled experiment or an observational study is valid or not.

31. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Steps in Scientific Method Generalization Generalization is to which extent the research and the conclusions of the research apply to the real world.

32. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Introduction to Social Science and Social Science Research Alternative Methods Historical Method Case study method The comparative method The cross Culture method The Mathematical method Sample survey Participant observation The experiment Method The Scientific Methods & Steps Selection and defining topic Reviewing the Literature Formulating Hypothesis Research Design (Collection, Classifying, Analysis of data) Testing Hypothesis Generalization Interdisciplinary Approach Statistical Analysis and Social Science Conclusion Contents

33. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Interdisciplinary Approach

34. Scientific and Alternative methods of Research in Social Science Interdisciplinary Approach Interdisciplinary Approach involves the combining of two or more academic fields into one single discipline or schools of thought, as new needs and professions have emerged.

36. Poverty analysis

37. Testing theory and Hypothesis

38. Correlation and regression analysis

39. Analysis of Data

40. Sample survey

41. Prediction and inference

43. Questions …??? ?