The document provides information about healthy habits, preventing infections, stimuli and responses, the five senses, the skeleton, and musculature. It discusses maintaining a balanced diet, getting enough rest and exercise, washing hands, avoiding sharing items, and treating different types of infections. It defines stimuli and responses, and describes how each of the five senses (sight, hearing, touch, smell, taste) works. It also gives an overview of the main components of the skeleton (bones, joints, cartilage) and different muscle shapes that enable various types of movements.

1. Our health Sensitivity and coordination The locomotor system SCIENCE By Andrea del Hoyo

2. UNIT 1 HEALTHY HABITS A balance diet Keeping a meal routine Good hygiene Enough rest Breathing clean air Physical exercise Keep a varied diet with adequate amounts of all foods Eat five meals a day and never skip breakfast Wash our hands with soap and water before eating Sleep at least nine hours a day,and even more if we exercise or play sports Do not stay too long indoors with smoke or many people Exercising improves our health

3. PREVENTING INFECTIONS - Disinfect wounds to prevent microorganism entering your blood. -Wash your hands before eating or handling food and wash any food you eat raw. -Avoid sharing drinking and eating utensils also,do not cough or sneeze near other people. -Avoid walking barefoot in swimming pools and changing rooms,always use your shoes.

4. Infections caused by bacteria Infections caused by fungi Infections caused by viruses Are treated with antibiotics that destroy them. Are treated with antifungal medicines that remove them. Cannot be treated with antibiotics .We can only treat them with medications that help reduce symptons.

5. UNIT 2 STIMULI AND RESPONSE · A stimulus is anything that affects any of the body’s activities. There are two types of stimuli: - Internal :They come from inside our bodies, like the feelings of hunger or thirst. - External: These come from outside the body, like the smell of a cake or the texture of a cloth. · A response is the body’s answer to a stimulus .

6. THE SENSES Sight Hearing TOUCH Smell TASTE When the light reaches the eyeball , it goes through the cornea . Then it goes through the pupil, then passes through the lens which focuses the image on the retina . The iformation gathered by the retina travels to the brain through the optic nerve . · The outer ear: It gathers the sounds . ·The middle ear: They change sounds into vibrations. ·The inner ear: It changes vibrations into nerve impulses that go to the brain. The skin is made up of three layers: · Epidermis: It is the outer layer. ·Dermis: It is under the epidermis. ·Hypodermis: It is under the dermis. The organ for the sense of smell is the nose. Receptors of smell are in the pituitary. The organ for the sense of taste is the tongue. Receptors for different flavours are in the taste buds.

7. UNIT 3 The skeleton The skeleton is made up of: ·Bones: They are hard and rigid organs. ·Joints: They are the unions between two or more bones. ·Cartilage: They are more flexible than bones. They protect the joints and create flexible structures like the ears. ·

8. The musculature Muscles also have different shapes: ·Long muscles like the biceps, make wide movements. ·Flat and wide muscles, like the buttock muscles, make short and powerful movements. ·Round muscles close openings when they contract, like your mouth or eye muscles.