The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine glands. It functions to protect the body from damage, regulate temperature and water balance, and produce vitamin D. The skin is composed of three layers - the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Hair grows from follicles in the dermis and nails cover the tips of fingers and toes. Sweat and sebaceous glands in the dermis release sweat and oils to regulate temperature and moisture.

1. EDUCATION
IDEA
STRATEGY
TARGET
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Parts and
Functions of the
Integumentary
System

2. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Integumentary is one of the
systems which play an important
in the body. It is made up of
organs that we cannot live without.
At the end of the lesson the
learner should be able to: Describe
function of the integumentary
Identify the parts of the
system and its parts.

3. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy

4. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
The Integumentary is an organ
system consisting of different parts. It has a
set of important functions in the body. The
following are the important functions of this
organ system.
 It acts as a barrier to protect the body
from the outside world.
 It protects the body against diseases
 It helps retain body fluids.
 It eliminates waste products in the body in
the form of sweat, oil, and wax.
This system also made up of different
parts namely skin, hair, nails and endocrine
glands.

5. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
SKIN
It is the largest organ of the body but
only a few millimeters thick. It forms body’s
outer covering. It protects the body from
chemicals, diseases, ultraviolet rays of the sun
and the physical damage. It is the body’s first line
of defense. It is divided into 3 sub-parts namely
epidermis, dermis and hypodermis.
 A. Epidermis. It is the outermost layer of the
skin that covers almost entire body surface. It
is the thinnest layer of the skin. It also
provides a waterproof barrier for the body
and creates the skin tone. It is made up of
special cells called keratinocytes.

6. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 B. Dermis. It is a deeper layer of the skin
found beneath the epidermis and the
thickest layer of the skin. It also gives
the skin strength and elasticity. It is
made up of dense irregular connective
tissue , nervous tissue, blood and blood
vessels.
 C. Hypodermis. It is the deepest layer of
the skin. It is made up of fats and
connective tissues which attaches the
skin from other parts.

7. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
HAIR
It is an accessory organ of the
integumentary system. It aids in a
person’s social functioning. It is made up
of columns of tightly packed dead
keratinocytes and is found and scattered
all over the body. It is divided into
different parts namely hair follicle and
hair bulb.

8. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 A. Hair follicle
It anchors the hair into the skin.
It regulates hair growth.
It opens the sebaceous glands.
It lets the oil and wax from the
body to go out.
 B. Hair bulb
It forms the base of the hair follicle.
It is made up of living cells that
divide and grow to build the
hair shaft.
It modify hair growth and structure
at different times of life.

9. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
NAILS.
It covers the tips of the fingers and toes. It is
also an accessory organ of the integumentary
system that is made up of sheets of hardened
keratinocytes. It protects the fingers and toes
from environmental damage. It is made up of
several parts namely nail plate and nail cuticle.
 A. Nail plate
It is the actual fingernail.
It is made up of translucent keratin.
 B. Cuticle
It is a layer of clear skin located at the bottom
edge of the fingers and toes.

10. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
EXOCRINE GLANDS.
It helps produce body sweat, oil
and wax, helps cool down the skin
surface, helps protect the skin and
moisturizes the skin surface. It is divided
into 2 parts namely sebaceous gland
and sweat gland.

11. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 A. Sebaceous gland
A small-oil producing gland
found in the dermis.
It is attached to the hair follicles.
It produces oil sebum, and waxy
substance.
 B. Sweat Gland
It is a small tubular structure of
the skin that produce sweat found
in the dermis and goes out of the skin
pores.

12. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 1: Complete the sentences in the
paragraph. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
The ______________ is a part of the
integumentary system which covers almost the
entire body. Another part of it is the ___________
which is an accessory that is made up of layers of
dead keratinocytes. Another accessory of the
integumentary system is the _____________ which is
found at the end of the fingers and toes. The
exocrine glands has 2 parts, these are the
_______________ glands and the _______________
which produces the sweat and sebum
respectively.

13. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 2: Match Column A with Column B. Write
your answers on your answer sheet.
COLUMN A
1. Hair shaft
2. Cuticle
3. Dermis
4. Nail Matrix
5. Sebaceous Gland
COLUMN B
A. The thickest layer of the
skin
B. Produces the sebum or oily
C. substance
D. Seen above the scalp
E. Protects the nails from
bacteria
F. The area where nails start to
grow

14. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 3: Fill in the crossword puzzle with the
correct answers. Use the given clues below. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
ACROSS
The outermost layer of the skin
It anchors the hair into the skin
DOWN
The thickest layer of the skin
The innermost layer of the skin
An accessory organ found at the tip of fingers and toes
The oily substance produce in the sebaceous glands

15. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Parts and Function of the Integumentary System
 The main function of the integumentary system is to
provide a protective covering for the body. This
system includes the skin and related structures, such
such as hair, sweat and oil glands, and the nails. It
forms a barrier against hot and cold temperatures,
harmful chemicals and solar radiation, as well as
microorganisms. In addition, it has a major role in the
sense of touch and helps maintain the body's
temperature. Likewise, the integumentary system is
important for vitamin D production and plays a small
small role in excreting waste.
 Nerve endings in the skin are responsible for our
sense of touch.

16. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 This system is the body's first defense against harm or
injury. The skin protects internal organs and other
structures from injuries caused by friction, like scrapes
or cuts. It also keeps out microorganisms, like bacteria.
Hair insulates the body, protects it from sunlight, and
keeps irritants out of the eyes, among other things.
Nails prevent injuries to the ends of the fingers and
toes.
 While the skin can be damaged by falls and other
injuries, the integumentary system still protects the
internal organs.

17. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 The skin is also important for maintaining the body's
internal temperature. The evaporation of sweat from
the skin requires heat, which helps to cool the body.
This can be as much as 2 gallons (7.5 liters) or more in
extreme conditions. When body temperature rises,
blood flow is also increased to the skin, where excess
heat is lost through convection. In colder
environments, blood flow to the skin decreases, which
reduces heat loss.

18. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 The integumentary system includes sweat and oil
glands. Providing information about an organism's
environment is also a major function of the
integumentary system. The nerve endings in the skin
allow the body to sense temperature changes,
pressure, and touch. The upper layer contains the
receptors responsible for the sense of touch, while
those in the lower layer of skin can sense heat and
cold, pressure, and pain. Hair follicles, but not the hair
itself, responds to touch as well.

19. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 If a toe or fingernail is removed, it is important to
protect the area until it heals to prevent further injury.
 Helping the body make vitamin D is an important role
of the skin. Part of the process occurs when ultraviolet
light from the sun strikes precursor molecules in the
skin. The changed molecules are later converted into
the active form of vitamin D in the kidneys and liver.
The body can produce all the necessary vitamin D in
this way, provided enough sunlight is available.

20. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
 Sweat plays a key role in body temperature
regulation.
 A lesser function of the system is excreting waste.
Sweat is nearly all water but contains small amounts
of waste products, such as urea, uric acid, and
ammonia. Other organs, such as the kidneys, play a
much greater role in ridding the body of waste
products.
 Ultraviolet light from the sun strikes precursor
molecules in the skin which are later converted into
the active form of vitamin D in the liver.

21. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 4: Answer the questions below. Write
the letter of your answer on your answer sheet.
1. What is the thinnest and outermost layer of the skin?
a. Sebaceous gland c. Epidermis
b. Sweat gland d. Dermis
2. Which of the following is the function of the
integumentary system?
a. It protects the body against UV rays.
b. It serves as the barrier of the body from
physical damage.
c. It is body’s outer covering
d. All of the above

22. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
3. Which of the following is an accessory organ of the
integumentary system is made up of columns of tightly
packed dead keratinocytes found all over of the body?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine glands
4. Which part of the integumentary system is an
accessory organ that is made up of sheets of hardened
keratinocytes?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine glands
5. Which part of the integumentary system do the
sweat, oil and wax go out?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine gland

23. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy

24. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 1: Complete the sentences in the
paragraph. Write your answers on your answer
sheet.
The ______________ is a part of the
integumentary system which covers almost the
entire body. Another part of it is the ___________
which is an accessory that is made up of layers of
dead keratinocytes. Another accessory of the
integumentary system is the _____________ which is
found at the end of the fingers and toes. The
exocrine glands has 2 parts, these are the
_______________ glands and the _______________
which produces the sweat and sebum
respectively.
skin
hair
nails
Sebaceous glands
Sweat

25. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 2: Match Column A with Column B. Write
your answers on your answer sheet.
COLUMN A
__1. Hair shaft
__2. Cuticle
__3. Dermis
__4. Nail Matrix
__5. Sebaceous Gland
COLUMN B
A. The thickest layer of the
skin
B. Produces the sebum or oily
C. substance
D. Seen above the scalp
E. Protects the nails from
bacteria
F. The area where nails start to
grow
D
E
A
F
B

26. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 3: Fill in the crossword puzzle with the
correct answers. Use the given clues below. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
E P I D E R M I S
H I I R F O L L I C L E
D
R
M
I
S
H
Y
O
D
E
R
M
S
N
A
L
B
E
D
S
B
U
M
A

27. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
Learning Task 4: Answer the questions below. Write
the letter of your answer on your answer sheet.
1. What is the thinnest and outermost layer of the skin?
a. Sebaceous gland c. Epidermis
b. Sweat gland d. Dermis
2. Which of the following is the function of the
integumentary system?
a. It protects the body against UV rays.
b. It serves as the barrier of the body from
physical damage.
c. It is body’s outer covering
d. All of the above

28. III. Innovation /Intervention Strategy
3. Which of the following is an accessory organ of the
integumentary system is made up of columns of tightly
packed dead keratinocytes found all over of the body?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine glands
4. Which part of the integumentary system is an
accessory organ that is made up of sheets of hardened
keratinocytes?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine glands
5. Which part of the integumentary system do the
sweat, oil and wax go out?
a. Skin c. nails
b. Hair d. exocrine gland