Scanning electron microscopy uses a beam of electrons to produce highly magnified images of samples. The document discusses how nanoparticles can be used in SEM in several ways: for sample coating to enhance conductivity; as labels or tracers; for contrast enhancement; as calibration standards; and to enhance imaging techniques like EDS or EBSD. Nanoparticles of gold, palladium, and other metals are often used for these purposes. SEM images of nanoparticle films formed at water-air and water-hexane interfaces using silver and gold nanoparticles are also presented.

1. Presented by-
Name: Surabhi Rani
Roll No: 221252
Subject: Biophysics and Nanosciences
Course: M.Sc. Biotechnology
Presented to:
Dr. Ramgopal Nitharwal
SCANNING ELECTRON
MICROSCOPY

2. Scanning Electron
Microscopy

4. The instrument used for SEM
includes these components:

5. Sample preparation

7. SEM images provide
information on:

9. Scanning Electron
Microscopy

14. Applications

16. USE OF NANOPARTICLES IN SEM
• SAMPLE COATING:
 TO ENHANCE THE CONDUCTIVITY OF NON-CONDUCTIVE OR POORLY CONDUCTIVE SAMPLES.
 THE SAMPLE IS COATED WITH A THIN LAYER OF NANOPARTICLES USING TECHNIQUES LIKE SPUTTER
COATING OR CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION.
 NANOPARTICLES USED: GOLD, PALLADIUM, OR OTHER CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS.
• CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT:
 NANOPARTICLES CAN BE USED TO ENHANCE THE CONTRAST IN SEM IMAGES, ESPECIALLY FOR
BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES.
 THE NANOPARTICLES ARE OFTEN ATTACHED TO SPECIFIC COMPONENTS OF THE SAMPLE TO INCREASE
VISIBILITY UNDER THE ELECTRON BEAM.
 NANOPARTICLES USED: HEAVY METAL NANOPARTICLES LIKE GOLD OR PLATINUM.
• CALIBRATION STANDARDS:
 NANOPARTICLES CAN SERVE AS CALIBRATION STANDARDS FOR MEASURING THE RESOLUTION AND
ACCURACY OF SEM IMAGES.
 THESE NANOPARTICLES ARE IMAGED ALONGSIDE THE SAMPLE TO CALIBRATE THE SEM SYSTEM.
 NANOPARTICLES USED: MONODISPERSE NANOPARTICLES OF KNOWN SIZE AND COMPOSITION.

17. • LABELING AND TRACING:
 NANOPARTICLES CAN BE USED AS LABELS OR TRACERS TO VISUALIZE SPECIFIC FEATURES
OR PATHWAYS IN A SAMPLE.
 NANOPARTICLES ARE ATTACHED TO SPECIFIC AREAS OF INTEREST, ALLOWING
RESEARCHERS TO TRACK AND ANALYZE THOSE REGIONS.
 NANOPARTICLES USED: FLUORESCENT NANOPARTICLES OR NANOPARTICLES WITH UNIQUE
ELEMENTAL COMPOSITIONS.
• NANOPARTICLE-ENHANCED IMAGING TECHNIQUES:
 USING NANOPARTICLES TO ENHANCE SPECIFIC IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN SEM, SUCH AS
ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY (EDS) OR ELECTRON BACKSCATTER
DIFFRACTION (EBSD).
 NANOPARTICLES CAN INFLUENCE THE INTERACTION OF ELECTRONS WITH THE SAMPLE,
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF CERTAIN SEM-RELATED TECHNIQUES.
 NANOPARTICLES USED: DEPENDING ON THE TECHNIQUE, NANOPARTICLES WITH SPECIFIC
PROPERTIES MAY BE EMPLOYED.

18. SEM images of nanoparticle films. (a) and (b): Silver and 12 nm gold
nanoparticle films, respectively, formed at a water-air interface. (c)
and (d): Silver and 40 nm gold nanoparticle films, respectively,
formed at a water-hexane interface.

19. • HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/SCANNING_ELECTRON_MICROSCOPE
• HTTPS://MICROBENOTES.COM/SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPE-SEM/
• HTTPS://ASSETS.THERMOFISHER.COM/TFS-ASSETS/MSD/REFERENCE-
MATERIALS/WP0016-SCANNING-ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY-WORKING-
PRINCIPLE.PDF
REFERENCES
REFERENCES