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SC 6 5.7 simple machines-powerpoint
- 1. Just Do It • What is the purpose of a ramp? • You’re nailing a nail into a big board, but the nail bends. How will you remove it from the board? • What do an axe, a knife, and a fork all have in common?
- 2. Just Do It:Copy This Table Simple Purpose and Notes Examples Machine Inclined Plane Lever Pulley Wedge Wheel and Axle Screw
- 3. Standard 6-5.7 Explain howthe design of simple machines (including levers, pulleys, and inclined planes) helps reduce the amount of force required to do work.
- 4. A simple machineis a machine that helps you do work by changing the amount or direction of the force you apply.
- 5. At the endof this activity: You will write a paragraph that describes and gives examples of the 6 simple machines.
- 6. Let‟s Learn Together:Gallery Walk Rules Stay with your group. Do NOT leave before time is called Do not linger at a site after time is called Use your “secret voices” Copy down notes until time is called. If you finish early, do not leave your area or speak louder than a whisper!
- 8. The 6 SimpleMachines Inclined plane Wedge Lever screw pulley Wheel & Axle
- 9. Make Notes! Print acopy of the data sheet for notes on this presentation by clicking the pencil below.
- 10. The Inclined Plane Aninclined plane is a flat surface that is higher on one end. You can use this machine to move an object to a lower or higher place. Inclined planes make the work of moving things easier. You would need less energy and force to move objects with an inclined plane.
- 11. The Inclined Plane Examplesof Inclined Planes: Ramp Slanted Road Path up a Hill Slide
- 12. The Screw A screwis a simple machine that is made from another simple machine. It is actually an inclined plane that winds around itself. A screw has ridges and is not smooth like a nail. Some screws are used to lower and raise things. They are also used to hold objects together.
- 13. The Screw Examples ofthe screw: Jar Lids Light Bulbs Stools Clamps Jacks Wrenches Key Rings Spiral Staircase
- 14. Lever A lever isa board or bar that rests on a turning point. This turning point is called the fulcrum. An object that a lever moves is called the load. The closer the object is to the fulcrum, the easier it is to move.
- 15. Lever Examples of thelever: A hammer is a lever when it is used to pull a nail out of a piece of wood. Bottle openers Crow bars
- 16. Pulley This simple machineis made up of a wheel and a rope. The rope fits on the groove of the wheel. One part of the rope is attached to the load. When you pull on one side of the pulley, the wheel turns and the load will move. Pulleys let you move loads up, down, or sideways. Pulleys are good for moving objects to hard to reach places. It also makes the work of moving heavy loads a lot easier.
- 17. Pulley Examples of wherepulleys can be used: Flag Poles Clothes Lines Sailboat Blinds Crane
- 18. Wheel and Axle Youhave probably seen a wheel and axle on a car. The axle turns when you put force on the wheel. The axle is a rod that goes through the wheel. This lets the wheel turn. It is easy to move things from place to place with wheels and axles.
- 19. Wheel and Axle Examplesof Wheels and Axles: Cars Roller Skates Wagons Door Knobs Gears in Watches, Clocks, and Bicycles
- 20. Wedge A wedge isa simple machine used to push two objects apart. A wedge is made up of two inclined planes. These planes meet and form a sharp edge. This edge can split things apart.
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- 22. Resources Simple Machine Quiz InventorsToolbox:The Elements of Machines Simple Machine Learning Site Simple Machines
- 23. Exit Slip: Writing Assignment Chooseone of the simple machines. Write a paragraph describing it and giving examples.
- 24. Just Do It Ms.Moye tells you that she would like a 3 page reading report in her class, and it is due in 3 weeks. Mr. Hilton tells you he also wants a 3 page reading report for his class, but it is due tomorrow. Which assignment is easier to complete? Why? Bonus: What is the definition of a simple machine?
- 25. Review What are the6 types of simple machines? Can you name at least one example of each?
- 26. Simple machines make work easier by spreading it out!
- 28. The Pulley Copy thefollowing words and leave several lines in your binder to take notes on these words. Fixed Pulley: Moveable Pulley: Block and Tackle:
- 30. Three Types ofPulleys Fixed pulley: a pulley that is attached to a load. It only changes the direction of the effort Moveable pulley: a pulley that moves with the object being moved. The effort required to lift the load is cut in half. Block and Tackle: a combination of pulleys
- 31. What kind ofPulley?
- 32. What kind ofPulley?
- 33. What kind ofPulley?
- 34. The Lever Drawthe following image: As the video plays, label your picture with these words: fulcrum, effort force, load, resistance arm, effort arm
- 37. Where is theFulcrum?
- 38. Where is theEffort?
- 39. Where is theFulcrum?
- 40. Where is theResistance Arm?
- 41. The Inclined Plane Inclined planes make it easier to _______________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ ___________________. The best way to get a bicycle up a steep hill is to _____________________________.
- 43. The Inclined Plane Inclined planes make it easier to… Get up a mountain Clear housetops of snow and rain The best way to get a bicycle up a steep hill is to ______________________________.
- 44. Where are theInclined Planes?
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- 46. What did you LEARN? Numberyour paper 1-8
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- 55. Just DO It Choosea simple machines. Write a paragraph describing it and giving examples. BONUS: Illustrate your paragraph!
- 56. Vocabulary A _________is a grooved -----_______ with a rope running along the groove. ___________ _____________ is the force required to lift an object A ______________ ____________ is used to measure the force of gravity on an object.
- 57. Key Ideas Pulleyscan change the __________ and ________ of the force required to lift an object. What kind of pulley(s) changes only the direction of the force required? _____________________________________ What kind of pulley(s) changes the direction and amount of force required? _____________________________________
- 58. Moveable pulleysare used to reduce __________ force. When the distance the effort force covers is ________________ relative to the distance the weight moves, effort force required to lift an object can be _______________.
- 59. Hypothesis Which pulley system(s)do you think will reduce the force required to do work?
- 60. Data and Analysis PulleySystem Weight of Object Force Required Force Lifted (g) to Lift Object (N) Required to Lift Object with the PULLEY Fixed Pulley Moveable Pulley Block and Tackle
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- 62. Pulley Distance Traveled Distance Traveled System by Effort Force by Object Lifted Fixed Pulley Moveable Pulley Block and Tackle
- 63.
- 64. Exit Slip Ifyou were told to make a flagpole using a pulley system to raise the flag, what type of pulley would you install? Why? Explain in four sentences or more how force, distance, and pulleys are related.
- 65.
- 66. Just DO It! List the 6 simple machines. Give one example of each.
- 67. An ____________________ _______________ is a sloping surface, like a ramp, that reduces the amount of force required to lift an object.
- 68. A ___________________ ___________________ is used to measure the force of gravity on an object.
- 69. An inclinedplane can reduce the force needed to lift an object in two ways: Increase the ___________ of the ______________ OR… Decrease the ____________ of the _____________
- 70. Object Force Distance Force Distance Required to object required to object Lift straight traveled lift with an traveled up with lift inclined with straight up plane inclined plane a. b. c.
- 71.
- 72. Just Do It Inat least three sentences, explain why this mountain road might not go straight up the mountain. Include key words: work, force, distance, inclined plane BONUS: Draw a lever and label all its parts!
- 73. Agenda Just DoIt: 5 Key Ideas about Levers: 5 Lever Demonstration and Questions: 11 Practice with Lever Questions: 5 Science Fair Work: 25 Conclusion: 4
- 74. Standard 6-5.7 Explain howthe design of simple machines (including levers, pulleys, and inclined planes) helps reduce the amount of force required to do work
- 75. Levers A ___________________ isa rigid bar or board that is free to move around a fixed point called a ________________.
- 76. A lever canbe designed to reduce force required to lift an object in two ways: By ______________________ the distance from the ____________ to the point where the effort force is applied By _____________________ the distance the ____________ is from the fulcrum
- 77. Is iteasier to lift the box of books when the fulcrum is in the center of the board, or when the fulcrum is at the end of the board closest to the box? Is it easier to lift the box of books when you apply a force on the effort arm near the fulcrum, or far away from the fulcrum? Name one way you could change this lever to reduce the effort force required to lift the load.
- 78. Final Key Point Byincreasing the distance the effort force moves relative to the distance the weight moves, a lever can reduce the effort force needed to lift an object.
- 79. How are wedoing? Name two ways this young lady could reduce the force required to lift this heavy box. Illustrate one way in your notes!
- 80. It‟s Science FairTime! Overview of Project– Question: 2 minutes Review of Vocabulary: 5 minutes Hypothesis: 4 minutes Materials: 4 minutes Procedure: 10 minutes
- 81. Question How does themass of an object affect the force required to lift that object up an inclined plane? How can we test this question???
- 82. Hypothesis What do youthink the answer to our question is? Make an educated guess! How does the mass of an object affect the force required to lift that object up an inclined plane?
- 83. Materials What willwe need to conduct this experiment? Take note of materials Ms. Brown provides to you
- 84. Procedure Write every step! Think about our peanut butter and jelly demonstration from the beginning of the year Use complete sentences. Use your best grammar and spelling Staple an additional sheet onto this sheet if necessary.
- 85. Results How willyou organize your data? Make one table or chart that we could use to organize all of the data.
- 86. Conclusion: Was our hypothesis correct? What did we learn? Why does this matter in real life?
- 87. Just Do It Use complete sentences to tell me about your Christmas break! Include and underline at least 10 key vocabulary words we‟ve studied this year. Example: Over break, I observed 12 inches of precipitation (snow) in my backyard! The snow came from low-hanging stratus clouds.
- 88. Agenda Just DoIt: 9 minutes Review of Simple Machines: 12 minutes Science Fair Projects: Review and Conclusion 25 minutes Wrap Up:
- 89. Review: Simple Machines Speed Review: 1 minute per machine Write the name of the simple machine Write one key point about that machine Time-Permitting, draw an example
- 90. The Inclined Plane Aninclined plane is a flat surface that is higher on one end. You can use this machine to move an object to a lower or higher place. Inclined planes make the work of moving things easier. You would need less energy and force to move objects with an inclined plane.
- 91. The Inclined Plane Examplesof Inclined Planes: Ramp Slanted Road Path up a Hill Slide
- 92. The Screw A screwis a simple machine that is made from another simple machine. It is actually an inclined plane that winds around itself. A screw has ridges and is not smooth like a nail. Some screws are used to lower and raise things. They are also used to hold objects together.
- 93. The Screw Examples ofthe screw: Jar Lids Light Bulbs Stools Clamps Jacks Wrenches Key Rings Spiral Staircase
- 94. Lever A lever isa board or bar that rests on a turning point. This turning point is called the fulcrum. An object that a lever moves is called the load. The closer the object is to the fulcrum, the easier it is to move.
- 95. Lever Examples of thelever: A hammer is a lever when it is used to pull a nail out of a piece of wood. Bottle openers Crow bars
- 96. Pulley This simple machineis made up of a wheel and a rope. The rope fits on the groove of the wheel. One part of the rope is attached to the load. When you pull on one side of the pulley, the wheel turns and the load will move. Pulleys let you move loads up, down, or sideways. Pulleys are good for moving objects to hard to reach places. It also makes the work of moving heavy loads a lot easier.
- 97. Pulley Examples of wherepulleys can be used: Flag Poles Clothes Lines Sailboat Blinds Crane
- 98. Wheel and Axle Youhave probably seen a wheel and axle on a car. The axle turns when you put force on the wheel. The axle is a rod that goes through the wheel. This lets the wheel turn. It is easy to move things from place to place with wheels and axles.
- 99. Wheel and Axle Examplesof Wheels and Axles: Cars Roller Skates Wagons Door Knobs Gears in Watches, Clocks, and Bicycles
- 100. Wedge A wedge isa simple machine used to push two objects apart. A wedge is made up of two inclined planes. These planes meet and form a sharp edge. This edge can split things apart.
- 101.
- 102. Science Fair Projects: Reviewand Conclusion
- 103. In conclusion,I found that my hypothesis was _____________. I predicted that _________________________________ _______________, and my results show ________________________________. I learned _________________________ ______________. This could be helpful because _________________________.
- 104. Exit Ticket Makea T-chart. Label the left side “I get it” and the right side “I need a Review”. Put each of the following in its appropriate column: Heat, solar, chemical, and mechanical, and electrical energy Energy transformations Potential and kinetic energy The Law of Conservation of Energy Electromagnets, Generators, and Motors Energy Transformations Heat Transfer Work, force, and motion Simple Machines
- 105. Just Do It Pickthree topics from the list below which you would like to review before our final and cumulative TEST next week. Heat, solar, chemical, and mechanical, and electrical energy Energy transformations Potential and kinetic energy The Law of Conservation of Energy Electromagnets, Generators, and Motors Heat Transfer Work, force, and motion Simple Machines
- 106. Science Fair Projects! Guidelines for Group Work: Following directions wins Positive team work wins Going above and beyond wins The „winning-est‟ team will receive a team PRIZE! The best class work will be compiled and used for our class poster
- 107. Conclusion: Test REVIEW Draw one example of each kind of energy listed below: Heat Solar Chemical Mechanical Electrical BONUS: Illustrate one way electrical energy is transformed to heat energy (A toaster, is one example. You find another example!)
- 108. Just Do It List as many everyday tools or objects that are made up of simple machines as you can think of. Here are some ideas to get you started: Door Stopper (inclined plane) Knife (wedge) Scissors (lever, wedge) Lightbulb (screw) Crane (pulley)
- 109. Complex Machines A ComplexMachine is made up of 2 or more simple machines.
- 110. Agenda Just DoIt: 5 minutes Complex Machines: 20 minutes Illustration of Complex Machines: 10 minutes Review for Exam: 15 minutes Conclusion: 5 minutes
- 111. What Simple MachinesMake Up this Can Opener?
- 112. What Simple MachinesMake Up this corkscrew?
- 113. What Simple MachinesMake Up this Clamp?
- 114. Can you thinkof another Complex Machine?
- 115. Object Simple or Labeled Sketch Complex? Door Stopper Jar Lid Scissors Jawbone Wheelbarrow
- 116. Your Mission 1. Draw a complex Machine. 2. Label the complex machine. 3. Label the simple machines that make it up. 4. Define the simple machines that make it up. 5. Lastly, color the picture.
- 117. Exam Review: Typesof Energy Heat, solar, chemical, and mechanical, and electrical energy Energy transformations
- 118. Exam Review 6-5.1 Identify the sources and properties of heat, solar, chemical, mechanical, and electrical energy.
- 125. Name that EnergySource!