This document provides information about simple machines. It describes the six basic simple machines: inclined plane, lever, pulley, wedge, wheel and axle, and screw. It explains that simple machines make work easier by changing the amount of force needed, the distance over which force is applied, or the direction of the applied force. The document gives examples of each type of simple machine and discusses how compound machines are combinations of two or more simple machines. It also defines mechanical advantage as the ratio of output force to input force and efficiency as the ratio of output work to input work.
A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force.[1] In general, they can be defined as the simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage (also called leverage) to multiply force.Usually the term refers to the six classical simple machines that were defined by Renaissance scientists
A simple machine uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force. Ignoring friction losses, the work done on the load is equal to the work done by the applied force. The machine can increase the amount of the output force, at the cost of a proportional decrease in the distance moved by the load. The ratio of the output to the applied force is called the mechanical advantage.
A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force.[1] In general, they can be defined as the simplest mechanisms that use mechanical advantage (also called leverage) to multiply force.Usually the term refers to the six classical simple machines that were defined by Renaissance scientists
A simple machine uses a single applied force to do work against a single load force. Ignoring friction losses, the work done on the load is equal to the work done by the applied force. The machine can increase the amount of the output force, at the cost of a proportional decrease in the distance moved by the load. The ratio of the output to the applied force is called the mechanical advantage.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. Simple Machines
Foldable
• Line up your papers
about 1-2 cm apart,
so that you see “5,
6, 7, 8” along the
bottom.
• Fold the papers
over so you see all
8 numbers in a row.
8.Changing Force
6. Screw
5. Wheel and axle
9.Mechanical Advantage and
Efficiency
3. Pulley
2 Lever
1 Inclined Plane
…making work easier and better
7.Compound/Complex Machine
4. Wedge
3. Simple Machines
Foldable
• On each tab, draw
and describe that
type of simple
machine.
• Then give 2-3
examples.
• Make sure to include
all of the information!
8 Simple Machine Notes
7 Lever
6 Pulley
5 Wheel & Axle
4 Wedge
3 Screw
2 Inclined Plane
Draw & Describe:
A sloped surface connecting a
lower level to a higher level.
Examples:
A boat ramp, wheelchair
ramp,propeller, ladder/stairs
4. What are MACHINES?
• Most people think of complex, technical,
or electronic gadgets with motors…, but
machines can be much SIMPLER.
• A machine is any device that lets you do
WORK in an EASIER or BETTER way.
• Basically:
Simple machines make work EASIER.
5. How do machines do work?
• Machines make work easier by changing
3 things about the FORCE you exert to
do work:
AMOUNT OF FORCE you exert
DISTANCE over which you exert
force
DIRECTION in which you exert force
6. What are SIMPLE MACHINES?
• There are only 6 basic simple
machines that make work easier:
• Inclined Plane
• Wedge
• Screw
• Lever
• Wheel & Axle
• Pulley
7. WORK & SIMPLE MACHINES
• Simple machines DON’T change the
amount of WORK done!
(They change the size, distance or
direction of your FORCE!)
WORK IN = WORK OUT*
(*usually machines lose a bit of work
due to FRICTION…)
8. INCLINED PLANE
• An inclined plane is a flat, sloped surface.
It connects a lower level to a higher level.
• You use less force over a longer distance
to raise a load to a higher level.
Input Force
Output
Force
10. LEVER
• A lever is a bar that pivots or rotates
on a point (called a fulcrum).
• Levers may change the size, distance
or direction of the force.
11. LEVERS:
Examples & Uses
• First Class Levers:
– Scissors, See-saws, Pliers
• Second Class Levers:
– Staplers, Nutcrackers,
Wheelbarrows
• Third Class Levers
– Shovels, baseball bats, tweezers
12. PULLEY
• A pulley is a grooved wheel with a rope,
used to raise/lower/move a load.
• Pulley systems change the direction
and/or decrease the input force so you
can move heavier loads.
Output
Force
Input
Force
Output
Force
Input
Force
13. PULLEY:
Examples & Uses
• Cranes
• Raising a flag on a pole
• Window Blinds
• Raising a sail on a boat
• Clothesline
14. WEDGE
• A wedge has slanting slides that meet at
an edge – it splits material apart.
• It changes force in one direction into a
splitting force that acts at right angles
to the blade.
Input Force
Output Force
Output Force
15. WEDGE:
Examples & Uses
• Ax, Knife, etc.
• Zippers
• Used in all cutting machines (to split
materials apart)
16. WHEEL & AXLE
• The wheel is locked to the central axle –
when one turns, so does the other one.
• A short powerful force at the axle, will move the
wheel’s edge a long distance.
• A long motion at edge of wheel, moves the axle
with great force.
Input
Force
Output
Force
Output
Force
Input
Force
17. WHEEL & AXLE:
Examples & Uses
• Screwdriver
• Windmill
• Cars/Bicycles
• Rolling Pin
• Door Knob
• Fan
18. SCREW
• A screw has a “thread” or “groove”
wrapped around a central cylinder.
• While turning, it converts a twisting
force into a forward or backward force.
Input
Force
Output
Force
19. SCREW:
Examples & Uses
• Screws can holds things together or
lift materials.
• Screws
• Screw top lids for jars/bottles
• Light bulb
• Swivel stools/chairs
21. COMPOUND MACHINES
• Compound Machines – are made of combinations of two or
more simple machines.
• For example, a simple can opener is a combination of 3
simple machines:
– Lever
– Wheel & axle
– Wedge
22. Machines make work easier by
changing 3 things about the FORCE:
• The amount of force
• The distance of the force
• The direction of the force
23. Machines make work easier by
changing 3 things about the FORCE:
• The amount of force
(eg. A ramp lets you lift a heavy object
with LESS force)
24. Machines make work easier by
changing 3 things about the FORCE:
• The distance of the force
(eg. A baseball bat lets you move your
arms a short distance, but move the
end of the bat a large distance).
25. Machines make work easier by
changing 3 things about the FORCE:
• The direction of the force
(eg. The pulley on a set of window blinds
lets you move the blinds UP with a
DOWNWARD pull.
26. What is the mechanical
advantage of a machine?
• A machine’s mechanical advantage is
the number of times a machine
increases a force exerted on it.
(output divided by input)
• Mechanical = Output Force
Advantage Input Force
27. What is the mechanical
advantage of a machine?
You exert 10 N (input) of force on a can
opener. The can opener exerts 30 N
(output) of force on the can. What is
the mechanical advantage?
Mechanical = Output Force = 30 N
Advantage Input Force 10 N
Mechanical Advantage = 3
28.
29. What is the efficiency of a
machine?
• The EFFICIENCY compares:
–the work you put IN to
–the work the machine puts OUT.
• An IDEAL machine is 100% efficient.
INPUT WORK = OUTPUT WORK
• In the real world, some input work is
always lost due to FRICTION between
the moving parts of the machine.
30. What is the efficiency of a
machine?
EFFICIENCY = Output Work x 100%
Input Work
You mow the lawn with a rusty lawn
mower. You do 50,000 J of work on
the lawn mower but only 25,000 J go
to cutting the lawn. What is the
efficiency of the lawn mower?
31. What is the efficiency of a
machine?
You mow the lawn with a rusty lawn mower.
You do 50,000 J of work on the lawn mower
but only 25,000 J go to cutting the lawn.
What is the efficiency of the lawn mower?
EFFICIENCY = Output Work x 100%
Input Work
Efficiency = 25,000 J x 100%
50,000 J
Efficiency = 50%
32. Try the rest of the practice
problems on your own…
Mechanical = Output Force
Advantage Input Force
EFFICIENCY = Output Work x 100%
Input Work
33. The next slides go on the back of your
foldable!
Topic: Work and Force
• Remember Science ROCKS!!!
34. Evidence of Energy
= when work has been done.
• Work means:
1. Apply a force to an object over a distance.
2. Object moves in response to force.
Remember Force = push or a pull
Unbalanced force = movement
Balanced force = no change in movement
Spring Scale measures force and
Newtons (N) are the units!
35. If something changes motion = it has
energy!
Cause Effect
1.Toy car at rest is pushed It moves = energy evidence =work
2.Fan is connect to a electric circuit It spins(moves)= energy evidence=work
3.Object is lifted It rises(moves) = energy evidence=work
4. A student pushes a wall The wall does NOT move = no work
5.A student stands wears a heavy bag The students continues to stand = no work
You try:
6. A rocket accelerates through space
7. A book falls off the table
8. A girl sits on the bench