Salts, Sugars and Sweeteners
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A presentation created to explain salt and sugar in food and the impact on the body. The final section focuses on Sweeteners and Phenylkeytonuria (the inability to metabolise Phenylalanine.) Includes quizzes and interactive challenges.
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Salts, Sugars and Sweeteners
- 1. Healthy Eating: Salts, Sugars, Sweeteners and searching for hidden sugars. A Presentation by Jordie Rowlands
- 2. SALT
- 3. SALT What is Salt? Salt is a compound made from two dangerous elements! Why do we need Salt? Your body uses Sodium which it gets from Salt to help perform a variety of functions. For example Salt helps keep the fluid in our blood cells so that we can carry nutrients around the body.
- 4. SALT How much salt should I have every day? • Children – about 3/4 g of salt a day • Adults – 6g salt a day QUIZ: People eat too much salt, but how much salt do people eat on average a day? 3g - 6g 10g – 12g 14g – 18g ANSWER
- 5. SALT What can I do to reduce my salt? Which belongs in each box? EAT LESS:EAT MORE:
- 6. SALT What can I do to reduce my salt? ANSWERS: EAT LESS:EAT MORE:
- 7. SALT Why is too much salt bad? Salt raises blood pressure leading to strokes, heart failure and heart attacks! High link to stomach cancer, osteoporosis, obesity, kidney disease. Known to make Asthma and diabetes worse.
- 8. SUGAR
- 9. SUGAR Sugars are ‘simple’ carbohydrates. There are three types of sugars; Monosaccharaides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides.
- 11. SUGAR Why does it matter to know about types of sugar? Sugar In Blood HOW LONG THE ENERGY LASTS!
- 13. SUGAR What do you eat at break / lunch? How does that make you feel an hour later? What could you change about your snack / meal to help you avoid a ‘SUGAR CRASH’?
- 14. eSUGAR Why is too much sugar bad? Sugar (sucrose) is calorie dense, meaning that the pay off of energy is quite low compared to the calorie level. Eating high calorie food leads to weight gain. Low energy makes it harder to burn the calories off. Sugar feeds bacteria in the mouth, if not cleaned properly could lead to tooth decay.
- 15. (HIDDEN)SUGAR What do people mean by hidden sugar? Sugar is hidden in many ways – normally the label: ‘NO ADDED SUGAR’ is used to confuses consumers. Many consumers do not realise that certain foods contain natural sugars. Lactose Fructose Fructose Fructose And lactose (when milk added) Maltose
- 16. SWEETENERS Sweeteners are artificial sugars or sugars isolated from plant proteins. Some sweeteners (Thaumatin) can be up to 2000 times more potent than sugar (sucrose). What are Sweeteners?
- 17. Aspartame is a sweetener made from Aspartate, Phenylalanine and Methanol. Aspartate or Aspartic acid – comes from asparagine which in itself has been isolated from asparagus Aspartame 0 0 CH3 NH NH3 0 0 H0 Aspartate Phenylalanine Methanol
- 18. Discovery of PKU A Norwegian doctor called Folling discovered a few of his mentally disabled patient smelt very similar. He isolated the odour’s cause to being the high amounts of phenylalanine in the blood and Urine This is all caused by a lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme responsible for processing phenylalanine. Aka Phenylketonuria
- 19. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid. It is also an important chemical that helps brain function. Phenylalanine Deficiencies can cause symptoms of depression, and problems with the brain and nervous system. People are born with PKU and have to limit protein their diets from birth, as nearly all proteins contain phenylalanine. Babies are given special milk.
- 20. Because of how dangerous Phenylalanine is to PKU sufferers, the government past legislation in the “UK in 1982 following the review of its safety by the UK's Committee on Toxicity, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT)” Legislation
- 21. Sweeteners Create a quick info leaflet telling people about PKU (phenylketonuria) and how its passed on. Or write a quick paragraph saying why someone suffering from PKU can’t drink fizzy drinks containing sweeteners such as Aspartame
- 22. SHOP SMART Get into groups of five (if not already). Take it in turns to pick an item out of the pile, pick wisely – items are worth points. Team with highest points at end will win a bronze award!
- 23. SHOP SMART SCORING Green = 3pts Yellow = 2pts Red = 1pts (lose points if more than 2 red per team)