Electrical earthing and safety is important to protect people and equipment from high voltages and electrical accidents. Earthing is the process of connecting metallic electrical systems to the earth through wires to divert high voltages safely to the ground. There are two types of grounding: electrical circuit grounding, which protects circuits from lightning by grounding one conductor; and equipment grounding, which grounds all metal frames and enclosures. A good earthing system must have low resistance, resist corrosion, and dissipate high fault currents without damage. Untreated electric shocks as low as 3 milliamps can cause accidents, while over 50 milliamps can cause heart fibrillation. Proper earthing and grounding is vital for electrical safety
What is Grounding?
• Importance of Grounding
• Types of Grounding
• Applications of Grounding in power system
• Instruments employed in Grounding
• Grounding procedure & calculations
• Hazards due to lack of Grounding
• Good Grounding practice
• IEEE rules regarding Grounding
• Conclusion
This presentation is from my talk Delivered to Young Engineers to have a brief overview of :
1. Substation And Its Types
2. Substation Equipment
3. Substation Grounding
4. Design Consideration
5. Bus Switching Scheme
6. Basic Insulation Level and Its importance
7. Fault level and its importance
8. Other Equipment
9. Substation IEC 61850 Protocol Basic
It will be helpful for Engineering students to have an overview from a Practical point of view. Widely publicize it for benefit of others.
In this presentation talk about:
Able to describe Substation.
Importance of substation.
Factors governing the selection of side.
Classification of Sub-Station.
Elements of a substation.
Operation of substation.
Hazards & safety.
Recent substation accident Bangladesh.
What is Grounding?
• Importance of Grounding
• Types of Grounding
• Applications of Grounding in power system
• Instruments employed in Grounding
• Grounding procedure & calculations
• Hazards due to lack of Grounding
• Good Grounding practice
• IEEE rules regarding Grounding
• Conclusion
This presentation is from my talk Delivered to Young Engineers to have a brief overview of :
1. Substation And Its Types
2. Substation Equipment
3. Substation Grounding
4. Design Consideration
5. Bus Switching Scheme
6. Basic Insulation Level and Its importance
7. Fault level and its importance
8. Other Equipment
9. Substation IEC 61850 Protocol Basic
It will be helpful for Engineering students to have an overview from a Practical point of view. Widely publicize it for benefit of others.
In this presentation talk about:
Able to describe Substation.
Importance of substation.
Factors governing the selection of side.
Classification of Sub-Station.
Elements of a substation.
Operation of substation.
Hazards & safety.
Recent substation accident Bangladesh.
PPT on earthing, grounding and isolation made by the students of SVIT,Vasad under the valuable guidance of the faculties teaching us Electronics and Electrical workshop(EEW) under the course of GTU.
How Earthing works. What is earthing all in one for students and others? Types of Earthing. description that is needed. You can get to know how important Earthing is.
This Presentation is about l.v switch gear design, presented during the graduation project final discussion 15/7/2018.
It presented a good summary of switch gear components and types and practicing on AL.HAMOOL W.T.P M.D.B design using SIEMENS SIVACON S8
PPT on earthing, grounding and isolation made by the students of SVIT,Vasad under the valuable guidance of the faculties teaching us Electronics and Electrical workshop(EEW) under the course of GTU.
How Earthing works. What is earthing all in one for students and others? Types of Earthing. description that is needed. You can get to know how important Earthing is.
This Presentation is about l.v switch gear design, presented during the graduation project final discussion 15/7/2018.
It presented a good summary of switch gear components and types and practicing on AL.HAMOOL W.T.P M.D.B design using SIEMENS SIVACON S8
Arrays are complex variables that can hold multiple values of the same data type.
Array is a fixed type sequenced collection of elements of the same data type.
It is simply a grouping of like-type data.
Some examples where a concept of arrays can be used :-
1) List of employees in an organization.
2) Exam scores of a class of students.
3) Table of daily rainfall data.
Lightning, Surge Protection and Earthing of Electrical and Electronic Systems...Living Online
Few topics generate as much controversy and argument as that of lightning and surge protection of electrical and electronic systems. Poor practices in earthing, and incorrect application and selection of lightning and surge protection devices can be the cause of continual and intermittent problems in a facility, often resulting in lost production and equipment failure.
This workshop looks at these issues from a fresh yet practical perspective and enables you to reduce expensive down time on your plant and equipment by the correct application of these principles. Essentially the workshop is broken down into the methods used to prevent lightning entering a facility such as dissipation arrays and those that divert surge energy away from sensitive equipment.
Dissipation systems are discussed with associated earthing systems. The unique properties of various surge protection devices are reviewed, enabling you to select the correct device suited to the application required. Earthing and surge protection for telecommunications and IT systems are examined in detail as well as the impact of lightning and simple techniques for minimising its impact.
MORE INFORMATION - http://www.idc-online.com/content/lightning-surge-protection-earthing-electrical-electronic-systems-industrial-networks-13?id=6987
Earthing, also known as grounding, is based on research that demonstrate that connecting to Earth's electrical energy promotes physical wellbeing. The act of Earthing refers to a physical connection between the electrical frequencies of the human body with that of Earth's (think barefoot in the grass, or at the beach).
Green and Carbon Free Power Generation Smart Distribution and Safely utilty Consumer Initiates Every Pickup for Green Environments.
Important for Solar PV Power ,High Energy Storage, Electric Vechiles and Public Charging Stations.
all Central and State Govt ,Infra Developments, Municiple Corporation ,Smart City ,Architect, Electrical consultants.MEP Consultants OEM Power Equipments ,Street Light LED, EPC Companies.Electrical contractors , Solar EPC Companies, Consultants, SECI,MNRE,NSM,
Electric vechile public charging station presentation by jmvMahesh Chandra Manav
Electric Vechile Public Charging Station and Indian Govt Intiates
Demand for Carbon Free Silent Road Transportation Systems all State Govt Declare Electric Vechile Policies an Thier Implementation Plan. Important Information for EV Car/EV Bus and Other Light Material Handling Vechiles, EPC Companies Public Car Charging Station andd Electrical ,Solar Roof Top with High Energy Storage Systems .
Crest Pak is large automation & more Engineering project on the topic of electricity and its use. With the help of our site, you will not only understand but also fall in love with electrical engineering, electronics, and automation! Electrical and magnetic phenomena in nature, science, and technology. Modern electric power industry, the device of electrical appliances, apparatus and installations, industrial electrical equipment and power supply systems, electric drive, alternative energy sources, and much more.
In this file, Cover is many topic like be:
1.What is Earthing?
2.Purpose of Earthing
3.Qualities of Good Earthing
4.Importance of Earthing
5.Type of Earthing
6.Methods of Electrical Earthing
7.General Method of Electrical Earthing Installation
8.How to work Earthing system?
9.Factors Affect to The Earth Impedance
10.Soil Resistivity
11.Applications of Earthing
12.Case Study
Lightning and surge transfer to systems presentation by jmv lpsMahesh Chandra Manav
Lightning and Surge Strike and Protection Information from JMV LPS Architect/Electrical Consultants/MEP Consultants/EPC Companies/CEA/REC/PGCIL/Wapcos/Electrical Contractor
Crest Pak is large automation & more Engineering project on the topic of electricity and its use. With the help of our site, you will not only understand but also fall in love with electrical engineering, electronics, and automation! Electrical and magnetic phenomena in nature, science, and technology. Modern electric power industry, the device of electrical appliances, apparatus and installations, industrial electrical equipment and power supply systems, electric drive, alternative energy sources, and much more.
Electric shock is the effect produced on the body and particularly on the nervous system by an electrical current passing through it. The effect depends on the current strength which itself depends on the voltage and body resistance.
Failing to take the necessary precautions can lead to:
- injury or death
- fire or property damage
Common causes of electrocution are:
- Making contact with overhead wires
- Undertaking maintenance on live equipment
- Working with damaged electrical equipment - extension leads, plugs and sockets
- Using equipment affected by rain or water ingress
There are four main types of electrical injuries:
-Electrocution (death due to electrical shock)
-Electrical Shock
-Burns
-Falls
An arc flash happens when electric current flows through an air gap between conductors.
ARC BLAST
• Arc-blasts occur from high- amperage currents arcing through the air.
This can be caused by accidental contact with energized components or equipment failure.
• A DANGEROUS PRESSURE WAVE
• A DANGEROUS SOUND WAVE
• SHRAPNEL
• EXTREME HEAT
• EXTREME LIGHT.
ELECTRIC CURRENT
• Caused by the motion of electrons
• If channeled in a given direction, a flow of electrons occurs.
Severity of the shock depends on:
Path of current through the body
Amount of current flowing through the body Length of time the body is in the circuit
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
3. Concept of Earthing Systems
All the people living or working in residential,
commercial and industrial places, particularly the
person who are close with electrical systems and
machineries, should essentially be protected against
possible electrification.
4. What Is Earthing? The process of connecting
metallic bodies of all the
electrical apparatus and
equipment to huge mass of
earth by a wire having
negligible resistance is
called Earthing.
5. Grounding
There are two kinds of grounding:
• 1. Electrical circuit or system grounding
• 2. Electrical equipment grounding
6. Electrical System
Grounding • One conductor of the
circuit is intentionally
grounded to earth
• Protects circuit from
lightning, or other high
voltage contact
7. Equipment Grounding
• All metal frames & enclosures of equipment are
grounded by a permanent connection or bond
8. Qualities Of Good Earthing
• Must be of low electrical
resistance
• Must be of good corrosion
resistance
• Must be able to dissipate
high fault current repeatedly
9. Effects of Amount of AC
Current3 ma- painful shock which cause
indirect accidents
10ma- muscle contraction...”no
let go” danger
30ma- lung paralysis- usually
temporary
50ma- possible ventricular
fibrillation (heart dysfunction,
usually fatal)
100 ma-4amps- certain
ventricular fibrillation(heart fail),
fatal
4 amps- heart paralysis, severe
burns
