The document discusses 4 models for how machine learning (ML) can provide competitive advantage for startup software-as-a-service (SaaS) companies: 1. Tell Me Something New - Using ML to gain new insights from customer data to improve experiences and workflows. 2. Replacing Rules-Based Systems - Using ML to replace traditional rules-based systems with more accurate ML-powered approaches. 3. The Ironman Suit - Using ML to enhance human capabilities by surfacing insights or predicting actions. 4. Replacing Humans - Using ML to replace human labor for operational tasks through application programming interfaces (APIs) or other automated processes. However, the document cautions