causas, origins, circumstances, history of the Russian Revolution, and communism.

1. RUSSIAN
REVOLUTION
AND
COMMUNISM 1

2. Hegel introduced a history of
philosophy and of the world called
“dialéctical”: Each movement of
history arrises as a solution to
contradictions inherent in the previous
movement.
Fichte proposed the following
scheme for the dialectic–
1 “thesis” example the French
revolution
2 “antíthesis” (the subsequent terror
3“sínthesis” (the state of free citizens)
Georg Hegel
Johann Fichte
PHILOSOPHICAL ORIGIN
OF COMMUNISM

3. They applied the dialectic of Hegel to the development of the
society . They were joint authors of the Communist Manifest.
Karl Marx
Friedrich
Engels

4. Charles
Darwin
His theory of
evolution led some
to thnk that the
human spirit could
evolve from the
material world.
Marx y Lenin
thought that
man could
create himself
through his
productive work
Voyage of the

5. 1 Nihilism and death of God
- Militant atheism
- he held that the God of the
Judeo Christian heritage helt
up progress.
2 Inverting Values
- there are different values for
different social classes.
-The subjected poor should
take the stance of the dominant
powers.
3 Will to power
He developed the theory of
evolution of Darwin.
Human instincts serve for more
than just surviving and
surpassing oneself. Man
should make himself into a
Friedrich
Nietzsche

6. Before 1917 the ancient Russian Empire was under the rule of the
Tzars, autocratic and repressive since 1613 when the Romanov
dynasty began.
Circumstances leading up to the revolution

10. The abolitiion of serfdom was decreed
in 1861 by tzar Alexander II.
This was the beginning of the end
of the ancient feudal system
Once freed, many went to the cities
to seek work in the factories.

13. The industrial growth continued.
Cities grew and culture developed.
The difficulties of the poor increased.

15. In 1905
the Russians
were
defeated and
humiliated by
the Japanese

18. In the February revolution,
the political parties, trade unions,
cooperatives, and soviets were rival
forms
of organisation, competing
for leadership in the Russian society.

27. The
continuing
defeats in the
First World
War,
1,700 000
dead
5,950 000
wounded
The moral of
the troops
was very low.
Many
Deserted.

28. Wounded in WW1

29. Famine spread throughout the civil population
The Tzar was not aware of the plight of the people
and lost their confidence

30. When the rural zones refused to send food to the cities,
the famine beame worse.

31. Since 1915 there arose many committees which replaced
the deficient organisation of the state, (supplies, exchanges, commerce) .
The cooperatives and the trade unions, became parallel powers.
the government no longer controlled the running of the state.

32. The soviets and parties worked together to subordinate
or eliminate the trade unions, committees and coops.
Trade unions

33. MAP OF PETROGRAD, CAPITAL OF RUSSIA

34. The revolution began with a spontaneous strike of workers of the fac tories
of Petrograd. On 23 feb (8 de marzo según el calendario gregoriano),
- the following days, the strikes extended and tension increased.

35. The confrontations with the police
brought casualties on both sides.
The protesters took arms from the police.
After 3 days the tzar ordered the military
to stamp out the rebellion.

36. The soldiers resisted the first attempts at fraternizing,
and killed many portesters. Nevertheless, during the night, part of the
company changed over to the side of the insurgents, wherefore they got

37. The tzar was unable to govern.
He ordered the dissolution of the Duma
and nominated an interim committee.

38. All the regiments of Petrograd
took sides with the revolt.
The revolution had triumphed.

39. Under pressure from the State,
tzar Nicholas II abdicated on 2 march.

40. It was the end of the tzars.
The first elections were held for the workers’ soviet.
There had been about a hundred deaths, mostly protesters.
The fall of the regime came as a surprise, and was greeted with with enthusiasm.