The document outlines various factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions, including surface area, concentration, temperature, pressure, and the use of catalysts. It specifically notes that smaller solid reactants, higher concentrations, elevated temperatures, and increased pressure generally lead to faster reactions. Additionally, it explains that catalysts can enhance reaction rates without changing the quantity of products and are specific in their action.

1. Factors Affecting the Rate of
Reaction
Faktor-Faktor Yang
Mempengaruhi Kadar Tindak
Balas

2. Why these two graph different?
Mengapakah 2 graf ini berbeza?
Volume of gas (cm3)
X cm3
t1
t2
Time (s)

3. Volume of gas (cm3)
D
X cm3
B
A
Y cm3
C
t1
t2
Time

4. Factors Affecting the Rate of
Reaction
 Total surface area of solid
reactant
Jumlah luas permukaan bahan
 Concentration of reactant
Kepekatan bahan
 Temperature of reactant
Suhu bahan
 Use of catalyst
Penggunaan pemangkin
 Pressure of gaseous reactant
Tekanan gas bahan

5. Effect of total surface area of solid reactant
on the rate of reaction
 Smaller the size (increase the total surface
area), cm3, of the solid reactant, the higher
the rate of reaction, the shorter time taken
Zinc powder - Small
size, big total
surface area
Zinc granules - Big
size, small total
surface area

6. 1 big cube (big size)
Total surface area
= 100 cm2 x 6 = 600 cm2

7. 1 big cube (big size)
Total surface area = 600 cm2
1 cm
1 cm
Total surface area for 1 small cubes
= 1 cm2 x 6 = 6 cm2
There are 1000 small cubes,
so,
Total surface area for all small
cubes;
= 6 cm2 x 1000 = 6000 cm2

8. Effect of concentration of a liquid reactant on the
rate of reaction
 Higher the concentration, mol dm-3, of a
liquid reactant, the higher the rate of
reaction

9. Effect of temperature on the rate of
reaction
 Increase in temperature, the higher the
rate of reaction.
Effect of pressure on the rate of reaction
 Increase in pressure, the higher the
rate of reaction

10. Effect of catalyst on the rate of
reaction
 Alters the rate of reaction
 It is specific in its action. It can only
catalyse
a particular reaction
 Does not change the quantity of
products
formed
 Only small amount of catalyst is
needed to
increases the rate of reaction. (An
increase in

11. Factors Affecting the Rate of
Reaction and Graph

12. The end of the graph depends on the
Volume of Gas number of mole reactants used
Time
The slope /gradient of the graph depends on the
Factors that Affect the Rate of Reaction

13. C
B
A
The factors are:
- Size
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Pressure
- Catalyst
A - 2 g of zinc powder reacts with 50 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of HCl
B - 2 g of zinc powder reacts with 25 cm3 1.0 mol dm-3
of HCl
C - 2 g of zinc powder reacts with 100 cm3 0.7 mol dm-3
of HCl

14. B
C
A
The factors are:
- Size
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Pressure
- Catalyst
A - 5 g of granulated zinc reacts with 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4
B - 5 g of granulated zinc reacts with 200 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4
C - 5 g of zinc powder reacts with 200 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4

15. B
C
A
The factors are:
- Size
- Temperature
- Concentration
- Pressure
- Catalyst
A - 5 g of granulated zinc reacts with 25 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4 when heated until 50oC
B - 5 g of granulated zinc reacts with 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4 when heated until 50oC
C - 5 g of granulated zinc reacts with 100 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3
of H2SO4 when heated until 70oC