-Epidemiology -causes -Impact -management and reccomendation

1. Road traffic accident in Saudi Arabia
Done by:
Dr. Hmood Alnasser
Dr. Abdullah Alabdulqader
Dr.Fahad Albedaiwi
Dr. Ahmad ALkhayyal
Supervised by:
Dr.Ammr Bamanie

2. Objectives
• By the end of this session you able to
know:
• Introduction and epidemiology.
• Causes and risk factors.
• Impacts.
• Family physician role and recommendations.

3. RTA DEFINITION BY WHO
• A road traffic injury is a fatal or non-fatal injury
incurred as a result of a collision on a public road
involving at least one moving vehicle .

4. Epidemiology

5. WHO reported that 1.24 million people were killed on the
road, and up to 50 million people were injured worldwide.

6. A study conducted in 2012 shows 600,000 crashes
recorded in the Kingdom, resulting in the death of
around 7,638 .

7. Death Rate Per 100,000
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
IRAN IRAQ LIBYA OMAN YEMAN SAUDI
ARABIA
Saudi arabia one of the highest rate of death due to RTA with rate of 25.33 per
100.000 of the whole population.

8. Road traffic fatality in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
accounts for 4.7% of all mortalities, while road traffic
fatalities do not exceed 1.7% in Australia, United
Kingdom (UK).

9. • Saudi Arabia was found to have higher
number of deaths from RTAs (accident to
death ratio is 32:1 versus 283:1 in USA).

10. Experts predict that if the current rate of traffic
accidents continue, the Kingdom may have four
million traffic accidents a year by 2030.

13. Causes of RTA in Saudi Arabia
Driver Road Car

15. Distracted Driving

16. -Excessive speed
the most of the reviewed studies
reported excess speed as the major
cause of RTAs, accounting for 43.1%
(in 2010)

17. Violation of
signals at
intersections

18. Fatigue
Wrong side

19. Break suddenlyImproper Turns

20. Bad habits and careless driving
Teenage Drivers

21. Not use seat belt Poor eyesight

22. Presence of alcohol
and other drugs
Hypoglycemia

24. A large increase in the number of vehicles and expansion of road
networks within and between cities

25. Large national development projects which require the
development of supporting transport systems.

26. animal crossing

27. bad weather
rain
darkness driving Fog

28. Deadly Curves Potholes

30. Tire Blowouts

31. Leakage of fluid and gas

32. impacts of RTA

33. impacts of RTA :
1-Morbidity and mortality.
2-Social and economic impact.
3-Psychological impact .
4-Health impact.
5-Environmental impact

34. 1-Morbidity and mortality.
-Injuries are usually multisystem
• Head injury :
most common cause of death after trauma is severe brain
injury .
• Splenic injury :
The most commonly injury in intra-abdominal organs .
• Spinal injury .
• Blunt cervical vascular injury .
• Thoracic injury .
• Bone injury : most common in lower extremities .

35. Cont.
• Aortic injury .
• Blunt cardiac injury .
• Blunt tracheo-bronchial injury .
• Diaphragmatic injury .
• Abdominal injury .
• Hepatic injury .
• Pelvic injury .

36. WHO predicts that road traffic injuries will rise
to eighth place by 2030 as a cause of death
2030
Disease or injury
2002
Disease or injury
10. Perinatal conditions10. Road traffic injuries
9. Tuberculosis
9. Trachea, bronchus, lung
cancers
8. Road traffic injuries8. Tuberculosis
7. Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers7. Diarrhoeal diseases
6. Diabetes mellitus6. Perinatal conditions
5. Chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease4. HIV/AIDS
3. HIV/AIDS3. Lower respiratory infections
2. Cerebrovascular disease2. Cerebrovascular disease
1. Ischaemic heart disease1. Ischaemic heart disease
5. Lower respiratory infections

37. SAUDI ARABIA TOP 10 CAUSES OF DEATHAGE-STANDARDIZED
DEATH RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION WHO in 2014
rateTOP 10 CAUSES OF DEATH
165.671-Coronary heart disease
126.772-stroke
44.893-influenza and pneumonia
35.614-diabetes mellitus
32.095- kidney disease
25.336-road traffic accident
22.367-Hypertension
11.008-lung disease
9.619- inflammatory heart
8.5410-breast cancer
SAUDI ARABIA TOTAL DEATH CAUSE BY RTA around 5,247 (6.53%)

38. 2- social and economic impacts
• Cost of damage .
• loss of income due to disability .
• loss of main breadwinner .
• Legal consequences .
• Medical and rehabilitation costs .

39. The costs of road traffic injuries are enormous
Costs
(US $ billion)
Region Estimated annual crashGNP 1997
(US $ billion)
Africa
Asia
Latin America and Caribbean
Middle East
Central and Eastern Europe
370
2 454
1 890
495
659
3.7
24.5
18.9
7.4
9.9
Subtotal 5 615 64.5
Highly motorized countries 22 665 453.3
Total 517.8
•The average estimated cost of accidents in Saudi Arabia every year
around 21 billion SR .

40. 3- Psychological impacts
• Emotional disorders .
• Post-traumatic stress disorder .
• Depression .
• Anxiety .

41. 4-health impacts.
• Most of occupancy in surgical ward .
• Impaired physical activity for long period .
• Permanent disfigurement and cosmetic problems .

42. 5-Environmental impact
• Effect on transport system .
• Effect on productivity.
• Effect on community and nature .

43. Family Physician Role and
Recommendations

44. Family Physician Role
-The evidence sufficiently supports that the action
plans in KSA mostly focused on the prevention of
RTIs rather than RTAs.
44
Ex: ?? Why ??

45. Family Physician Role
• Seat belt laws.
• Because : No detailed information in Accident
reporting system
45

46. Family Physician Role
• General:
• Communicate, collaborate and coordinate
• Raise awareness of the community
ex: (young drivers) . how ??
• Training the communities in first response care
46

47. Family Physician Role
• Establish road safety committee:
1- Supervising and evaluate program and strategies.
2- Research activities to study the factors causing RTA.
3- Accessible well organized data collecting system
47

48. Recommendations
• Specific
• Roads:
• Establish cyclist, buses, and ambulance lanes
• Provide different kinds of transportation.
48

49. Recommendations
• Increase pedestrian crossings ( every 100m).
• Good distribution of Saher in highways
• Firm punishment for those who violate traffic rules
49

50. Recommendations
• Drivers and passengers
• Seatbelt for the driver and passengers.
• Use baby seats .
50

51. Recommendations
• Don’t use phones .
• Regular Chick up of the car .
51

52. Recommendations
• Cyclist:
• Enforcement of helmet use.
52

53. Any questions

54. • Saudi arabia one of the highest rate of death
due to RTA with rate of 25.33 per 100.000 of the
whole population.
• Ratio of accident to death in Saudi Arabia is 32:1
• The causes depend on driver ,road and car
• The most common causes of RTA in Saudi Arabia
is Excessive speed
• impact of RTA injuries should be taken as bio-psycho-social .
• FP has to be communicator , collaborator and coordinator.
Summary

55. References
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4404474/
Saudi Med J. 2015; 36(4): 418–424
Public Health (2000) 114, 37±39