A proper description about Rheumatic arthritis. It containts DEFINITION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS, PATHOPHYSILOGY, SIGN & SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT & DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RA & OA
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
5. Inflammation of joints tendons and bursae.
Early morning stiffness > 1 hour which eases with
physical activity.
Symmetrical small joints of hands and feet are
involved may be mono, oligo or polyarticular.
6. Wrists, MCP and PIP are frequently involved joints.
TRIGGER FINGER (flexor tendon synovitis)
ULNAR DEVIATION (subluxation of MCP joint)
SWAN NECK DEFORMITY (flexion of DIP joint,
hyperextension of PIP joint)
BOUTONNIERS DEFORMITY (flexion of PIP joint,
hyperextension of DIP joint)
Z-LINE DEFORMITY OF THUMB (flexion of 1ST MCP,
hyperextension of 1st IP joint)
11. Most common cause of death
is Cardio vascular disease.
Osteoporosis is commonly
seen.
Hypoandrogenism.
12. Epidemiology = 0.5 – 1% of adult population.
First degree relative = 2-10 times more than normal.
HLADRB1 gene .
13. ACR AND EULAR CLASSIFICATION
CRITERIA SCORE
JOINT INVOLVEMENT
1 LARGE JOINT 0
2-10 LARGE JOINTS 1
1-3 SMALL JOINTS 2
4-10 SMALL JOINTS 3
>10 SMALL JOINTS 5
SEROLOGY
RF & ACPA negative 0
RF or ACPA slightly positive 2
RF or ACPA highly positive 3
APR
CRP & ESR negative 0
CRP or ESR increased 1
DURATION
<6 weeks 0
>6 weeks 1
Score >= 6 is
definite RA
14. Rheumatoid factor (RF)
RF is positive in many cases :-
RA
SLE
Sjogren’s Syndrome
Polymyositis/ dermatomyositis
RF is positive in Non Rheumatic condition as well :-
Viral infections e.g hepatitis
T.B , Leprosy, Syphilis
Chronic Liver disease
Elderly
Relative of patients with RA
15. RF has prognostic value and is positive in 70 percent
of cases.
Anti CCP is more specific than RF.
Joint fluid evaluation shows 2000-5000 wbc per mm
cube, wheras in septic arthritis it exceeds this value.
16. Treatment
REST
DMARDS
Methotrexate 7.5mg/week with folic acid 1mg/day
(can be increased upto 30mg/week and LFT, Chest Xray,
Blood count is necessary every month)
TAB. ONCOTREX 7.5MG
Hydroxychloroquinine 200-400mg/day (eye checkup)
Sulfasalazine 500mg/day (can be increased upto 2-
3gm/day) TAB. SAZO EN 500mg
Leflonomide10-20mg/day (TAB. ARAVA)
17. Treatment
Steroids
In acute phase tab. Prednisolone 40-60mg/day for 2-4
weeks and taper down.
If for longer duration then 5-10mg/day.
Intrarticular injections.
BIOLOGICAL DMARDS/ ANTI CYTOKINE AGENTS
Infliximab
Etanercept
SYNOVECTOMY/ PHYSIOTHERAPY