No doubt management is very important thing in any organization. Organization can never achieve its Objectives without proper management. Management is art of getting thing done with the help of other People. There is jungle of management theories which are categorized as classical, behavioral and Situational management theories. Three well known classical management theories (scientific, Administrative and bureaucratic) were reviewed in this article.

1. REVIEW OF CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT THEORIES
BY ZIARAB MAHMOOD AND MUHAMMAD BASHARAT
HAZARA UNIVERSITY, MANSEHRA
&
ZAHID BASHIR, NUML, ISLAMABAD
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND EDUCATION
VOLUME: 2 ISSUE: 1 JANUARY 2012

2. ABSTRACT
No doubt management is very important thing in any
organization. Organization can never achieve its Objectives
without proper management. Management is art of getting
thing done with the help of other People. There is jungle of
management theories which are categorized as classical,
behavioral and Situational management theories. Three well
known classical management theories (scientific,
Administrative and bureaucratic) were reviewed in this article.

3. ABSTRACT – CONT.
Knowledge of management theories (along other factors) is
basic requirement for managers of any organization to meet
the challenges of the organization. To provide knowledge and
pros and cons of management theories to managers and
management scholars, this article is written. Chain of
command, autocratic management style and predicted behavior
are common features of Classical Management Theories.
Although these are old theories yet these are in practiced in
some shape in most part of the world.

4. MAIN IDEA
Classical Management Theories are very important as they provide
the basis for all other theories of management.
PURPOSE
To provide knowledge and pros and cons of management theories
to managers and management scholars.

5. MANAGEMENT
Strategic
Planning
Setting
Objectives
Managing
Resources
Develop
Human
Objectives
Develop
Financial
Objectives
Measure
Results
Management is a process that includes strategic planning, setting
objectives, managing resources, developing the human and financial
assets needed to achieve objectives and measuring results.

6. LEADERSHIP
A process in which one individual
influences others toward the attainment of
group/organizational goals is called
leadership. According to Grey (2005) and
Shaik (2008)

7. MANAGEMENT VS LEADERSHIP
Management
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Directing
Controlling
Coordinating
Leadership
Inspiring
Motivating
Coaching
Building Trust
Selecting Talent

8. SUMMARY OF MAIN POINTS
Main Feature of Classical
Management Theories:
Chain of
Command
Division of
labor
Top down
communication
Autocratic
leadership style
Predicted
Behavior

9. SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
Definition:
the systematic study of relationships between people and
tasks for the purpose of redesigning the work process to increase efficiency.
Taylor’s four principles:
 Examine task to determine the most efficient method
 Train workers to use the developed work method
 Supervised workers to ensure they use work methods.
 Allocate responsibility for carrying out work as planned

10. ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
Fayol’s 14 Principles
 Division of labor
 Authority
 Discipline
 Unity of command
 Unity of direction
 Subordination of individual interest
 Remuneration
 Centralization
 Scalar Chain
 Order
 Equity
 Stability of tenure
 Initiative

11. BUREAUCRATIC THEORY OF MANAGEMENT
Develop by Max Webber and its main premise is organizational structure.
Webber believes that dividing organizations into hierarchies and establish
strong lines of authority establishes strong line of authority and control.
Principles:
 Written rules
 System and task relationship
 Specialized training
 Hierarchy of authority
 Clearly identified duties
 Paper work
 Fair evaluation and reward
 Maintain of ideal bureaucracy

12. SUMMARY OF METHODS FINDINGS AND
CONCLUSION.
The method used in this article is primarily case studies. The authors used
scholarly research to carry out in-depth study of a particular situation rather
than quantitative statistical surveys
Findings:
 Scientific management theory was formed in the USA to increase
productivity, as there were shortage of labor in the US due to industrial
revolution.
 Administrative Management Theory seeks to establish an organization
which leads to efficiency and effectiveness.
 Bureaucratic Management Theory of Max Webber focuses on the ideal
structure of organization.

13. CONCLUSION
Classical theories enhance the management abilities to predict and
control the behavior of the workers. These theories are designed to
predict and control behavior in organization. These theories consider
the tasks functions of communication in the organization and ignore
the human relational and maintenance functions of communication.
These are applied in simple, small and stable organizations while these
are not applicable in big, complex and aggressive organizations of
today (Pindur, Rogers and Kim, 1995; Cole, 2004; Grey, 2005).

14. COMMENTS
This article outlines the relevance of management and its necessity in
achieving organizational objectives. Main emphasis was placed on
knowledge of management theories especially classical management
theories. I agree with the authors that in order to be a successful
manager, he or she should be knowledgeable on the various
management theories. According to this article, classical management
theory is still practiced in most part of the world and is accepted by
modern management theorist such as Edward Deming and Juan while
other theorist believes that man is treated as machine hence as his
words “In the past man was first and in the future the system will be
the first” proof that this theory is against the humanity (Pindur,
Rogers, and Kim, 1995).

15. VALUE OF THIS LITERATURE
This article has contributed to a wider database of scholarly work and
provides in-depth knowledge on the top of classical management
theories. this article will also provide the knowledge, pros and cons of
classical management theories to managers and management scholars

16. REFERENCE
Bennis, W. (1989). On Becoming Leader.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_leadership
Cole, G. (2004). Management Theories and Practices, 6th ed. London, Thomston
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Drucker, P.F. (1974). Management: Tasks, Responsibilities and Practices. New York: Harper
and Row.
Gilbreth, F. B.,Gilbreth, F.M.(1917). Applied Motion Study. New York: Sturgis Walton.
Grey, C. (2005). A very Short Book about Studying Organization. London, Sage
Publication.
Haber, S. (1964). Efficiency and Uplift: Scientific Management in the Progressiv Era.
Shicago: University of Shicago Press.
Hannagan, T. (2005). Management Concepts and Practice (4th ed.). England: FT Prentice
Hall.
Horner, M. (1997). Leadership Theories: Past, Present and Future. Volume 3, Number 4
pp-
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