2. The Respiratory System
•The respiratory system is the
system in the human body that
enables us to breathe.
•The act of breathing includes:
inhaling and exhaling air in the
body; the absorption of oxygen
from the air in order to produce
energy; the discharge of carbon
4. The parts of the respiratory system
The respiratory system is divided into two parts:
Upper respiratory tract:
-This includes the nose, mouth, larynx, pharynx, nasal
cavity and the beginning of the trachea (the section that
takes air in and lets it out).
Lower respiratory tract:
-This includes the trachea, the bronchi, broncheoli and
the lungs (the act of breathing takes place in this part of the
5. UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
NOSE- is the body's primary organ of smell and also
functions as part of the body's respiratory system.
MOUTH- is a hollow cavity formed by the space
between the lips, cheeks, tongue, hard and soft
palates and the throat.
BEGINNING OF THE TRACHEA- begins just under
the larynx (voice box) and runs down behind the
breastbone (sternum).
6. LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT
TRACHEA – the tube connecting the throat to the bronchi.
BRONCHI– the trachea divides into two bronchi (tubes). One leads to
the left lung, the other to the right lung. Inside the lungs each of the
bronchi divides into smaller bronchi.
BRONCHEOLI- the bronchi branches off into smaller tubes called
broncheoli which end in the pulmonary alveolus.
LUNGS- are a pair of breathing organs located with the chest which
remove carbon dioxide from and bring oxygen to the blood. There is a
right and left lung.
7. LARYNX- commonly called the voice box, is an organ in
the top of the neck of tetra pods involved in breathing,
producing sound, and protecting the trachea against
food aspiration
PHARYNX- the membrane-lined cavity behind the nose
and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus.
NASAL CAVITY- is a large, air-filled space above and
behind the nose in the middle of the face
8. THE ACT OF BREATHING
The act of breathing has two stages – inhalation and
exhalation
*Inhalation – the intake of air into the lungs through
expansion of chest volume.
*Exhalation – the expulsion of air from the lungs through
contraction of chest volume.
