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ITFT-Economic impacts
The document discusses the economic impacts of tourism on both host countries and tourist destinations. It outlines several positive economic impacts such as foreign exchange earnings, government revenues, employment generation, and contributions to local economies. However, it also notes some negative impacts like leakage of tourism revenue out of the local economy, enclave tourism developments, high infrastructure costs, price increases in local areas, and economic dependence on the seasonal tourism industry. International tourism is one of the world's largest economic sectors, generating over US$852 billion in 2009.
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- 2. • The tourismindustry Generates Economic benefits to Tourist Host countries
- 3. • The primary motivatio ns fora region to promote itself as a tourism destinatio n • • Expected economic improve ment. DEVELOPING COUNTRY
- 4. Economic development bringsalong both Positive and Negative Consequences
- 6. • According tothe world tourism organization, • International tourist arrivals • are estimated to 880 million • In 2009, international • tourism generated US$ 852 • billion (€ 611 billion) in • export earnings • International tourism receipts combined with passenger transport currently total more than us$735 billion - making tourism the world's number one export earner, ahead of automotive products, chemicals, petroleum and food.
- 7. POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS Foreign exchange earnings Government revenues Employment Infrastructure investment Contributionto local economies(income multiplier)
- 8. • 1.Foreign exchangeearnings • Tourism is one of the top five export categories for as many as 83% of countries and is a main source of foreign exchange earnings for at least 38% of countries. Source:UNWTO
- 9. • FEE duringthe month of February 2010 were US$ 1.4 billion as compared to US$ 923 million during the month of February 2009.
- 10. • 2.Contribution togovernment revenues Direct contributions taxes on incomes from tourism employment by direct levies on tourists such as departure taxes. • Indirect contributions From taxes and duties levied on goods and services supplied to tourists.
- 11. • 3.Employment generation The hotel accommodation sectoralone provided around 11.3 million jobs worldwide
- 12. • 5.Contribution tolocal economies • Employment in Tourism Sector • 41.8 million. • Contribution of Tourism to GDP is expected to be at US$ 187.3 billion by 2019 • No. of domestic tourist visit in 2005* were 461.16 millions
- 13. • FTAs duringthe Month of February 2010 were 601,000 as compared to FTAs of 547,000 during the month of February 2009. A growth of 9.9 per cent was registered in February 2010 over February 2009
- 14. NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS Leakage Enclavetourism Infrastructure cost Increase in prices Economic dependence of the local community on tourism Seasonal character of jobs Economic crisis Tsunami hits economies, business, markets
- 15. TOURISM LEAKAGE Leakage describesan unwanted loss, or leak, of something which escapes from its proper location. The term refers to the way in which revenue created through tourism in LEDCs (Less Economically Developed Countries) can 'leak' back to richer countries.
- 16. • In mostall-inclusive package tours, about 80% of travellers' expenditures go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies (who often have their headquarters in the travellers' home countries), and not to local businesses or workers.
- 17. • Import leakageoccurs when tourists demands standards of equipment, food, and other products that the host country cannot supply. Especially in less-developed countries, where food and drinks are often imported . • Export leakage Often, especially in poor developing destinations, overseas investors are the only ones that possess the necessary capital to invest in the construction of tourism infrastructure and facilities.