The document defines and describes various aspects of resistance exercises. It discusses types of muscle contractions like isotonic, isometric and eccentric. It explains principles of resistance training like overload and specificity. It describes adaptations to resistance training including neural, muscular and bone changes. Determinants of resistance training programs are outlined including intensity, time, volume and periodization. Guidelines for progressive resistance exercises and precautions are provided.
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
Co-ordination Exercise,Definitions,Nervous control,Motor pathway,Cerebral cortex,Kinesthetic sensation,Causes of Incoordination,Flaccidity
Spasticity ,Cerebellar ataxia,Loss of kinesthetic sensation,Types of coordination,Posterior column,Test for Incoordination.
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
Co-ordination Exercise,Definitions,Nervous control,Motor pathway,Cerebral cortex,Kinesthetic sensation,Causes of Incoordination,Flaccidity
Spasticity ,Cerebellar ataxia,Loss of kinesthetic sensation,Types of coordination,Posterior column,Test for Incoordination.
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
They provide MOBILITY for Hand in space by apparent shortening and Lengthening of upper extremity.
They provide Stability for skillful and forceful movements
Goniometry is the measuring of angles created by the bones of the body at the joints.1, 2, 3
The term goniometry is derived from two Greek words, gonia meaning angle and metron, meaning measure. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
System to measure the joint ranges in each plane of the joint is termed goniometry. 4
These measurements are done with instrument such as goniometer, a tape measure, inclinometers or by visual estimate.
a detailed description on theory behind Strength duration curve, along with procedure for plotting SD Curve and measuring the Rheobase and Chronaxie of the plotted graph.
every exercise can not be performed by all the individuals. there occurs a lot of difference between exercise to be performed by health individuals, geriatric subjects and patients. so here are some guidelines to differentiate to test the exercise before prescribing them to subjects
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
Elbow complex is designed to serve hand.
They provide MOBILITY for Hand in space by apparent shortening and Lengthening of upper extremity.
They provide Stability for skillful and forceful movements
Goniometry is the measuring of angles created by the bones of the body at the joints.1, 2, 3
The term goniometry is derived from two Greek words, gonia meaning angle and metron, meaning measure. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
System to measure the joint ranges in each plane of the joint is termed goniometry. 4
These measurements are done with instrument such as goniometer, a tape measure, inclinometers or by visual estimate.
a detailed description on theory behind Strength duration curve, along with procedure for plotting SD Curve and measuring the Rheobase and Chronaxie of the plotted graph.
every exercise can not be performed by all the individuals. there occurs a lot of difference between exercise to be performed by health individuals, geriatric subjects and patients. so here are some guidelines to differentiate to test the exercise before prescribing them to subjects
This PPT contains a detailed explanation about resisted exercises, different types of exercise, indications & contraindications, manual & mechanical techniques.
The activities which are performed by opposing the mechanical or manual resistance is called as a resisted exercise.
This presentation includes all the required information that a first year BPT student should know.
Hope it helps to whosoever refers these slides.
I hope this content helps you in understanding this condition. Thank You for sparing your precious time and going through this PowerPoint presentation.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
2. Definitions:
• Resisted exercise:
Resisted exercise is any form of active
exercise in which dynamic or static muscle
contraction is resisted by an outside force
applied manually or mechanically.
3. • Strength: Muscle strength is the greatest
measurable force that can be exerted by a
muscle or muscle group to overcome
resistance during a single maximum effort.
• Power: Muscle power is defined as work
produced by the muscle per unit of time.
Power= force X distance/time
• Endurance: It is the ability to perform low
intensity repetitive or sustained activities over
a prolonged period of time.
4. Types of muscle works:
• Isometric muscle work:
In this type of muscle work there is
increase in tone of the muscle without any
change in the muscle length.
e.g. isometric strengthening for neck
extensors: the clasped hand behind the head
is pushed back by the head. No movement of
the head or neck occurs but the tone of neck
extensors increases.
5. • Isotonic muscle work: in this type of muscle work
there is change in length of the muscle while it
maintains an even tone throughout the
contraction period. This is of two types:
• Concentric work: here the origin and insertions
come closer and the muscle length shortens.
e.g. getting up from a chair: knee and hip
extensors contract concentrically to bring about
extension in these two joints.
• Eccentric work: here the origin and the insertion
go away from each other and the muscle length
increases.
e.g. sitting on a chair from standing: knee and hip
extensors contract eccentrically to bring about
flexion in these two joints.
6. • In concentric contraction the force generated
by the muscle is greater than the resistance.
• In isometric contraction force generated by
the muscle is equal to the resistance.
• In eccentric contraction the force generated
by the muscle is lesser than the resistance.
7. Principles of resistance exercise
Principle of overload:
• If muscle performance is to improve , a load
that exceed the metabolic capacity of the
muscle, must be applied; that is a muscle
must be challenged to perform at a level
greater than to which it is accustomed.
• Overload can be applied by increasing the
intensity or volume. In strength training the
intensity is increased where as in endurance
training the volume i.e. frequency, repetitions
and time is increased.
8. SAID (Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demand)
principle:
• Adaptations produced by the training are highly
specific to the nature of the stimulus or
overload applied.
• SAID applies to all the systems of the body.
• The adaptations are specific to strength, power,
endurance, functional activity, joint angle,
sequence of muscle activations, energy systems
and virtually all other variable present.
9. Principle of Reversibility:
• The adaptations achieved through resistance
exercise persist as long as the resistance
exercise is performed regularly and go back
gradually to the pre exercise levels once the
training is stopped. This means the effects of
resistance training are reversible.
10. Inter individual variability:
• Every individual responds to resistance
exercise in a different way, thus similar stimuli
may bring about a lot of improvement in one
patient and no improvement in others.
11. Ranges of muscle work
FULL RANGE:
Contraction takes place
throughout the range,
starting from fully stretched
position in case of concentric
contraction and from fully
shortened position in case of
eccentric contraction.
Full range contractions are
normally needed only during
emergencies (e.g. preventing
a fall).
Uses:
Maintain joint mobility
Increase circulation
Preparation for situations when
power & mobility is needed.
12. Ranges of muscle work
INNER RANGE:
The muscle either shortens
concentrically from half way
of its range, or is lengthened
by eccentric contraction
from fully contracted state
to halfway.
Uses:
Gain or maintain joint
movement in the direction
of muscle pull.
Train some extensors that
stabilize joints. E.g. Knee:
VMO strengthening
13. Ranges of muscle work
• OUTER RANGE:
Concentric contraction from
fully stretched position to
halfway range and
eccentric contraction from
halfway range to the fully
contracted position
Uses:
Very useful for initiation of
contraction (stretch reflex
acts better)
Muscles contract more
forcefully (Frank sterling
law)
14. Ranges of muscle work
MIDDLE RANGE:
In this range of muscle work
the muscles neither reach
the fully contracted range
nor are fully stretched, but
moves only in the range
inbetween. This range is
most functional and
generally most efficient
(angle of pull near 90
degree)
USES:
Maintenance of muscle tone
and normal power .
15. Group action of muscles
1. Prime movers/
agonists
2. Antagonists
3. Synergists
4. Fixators
16. Indications
1. Curative:
• Muscle: weakness or paralysis
• Bone: to increase density
• Aerobic system: improves aerobic capacity
• Other connective tissues: improve pliability and strength
2. Preventive:
• to preserve muscle power in all the conditions where muscle
weakness is anticipated.
• To live a healthy life with high levels of fitness.
3. Preparative: to prepare for some specific activity where the
adaptations of resistance exercise will be useful, e.g training for arm
muscles of a boxer will prepare him for a better performance.
4. Recreative: various form of resistance training is used as sports and
recreation activity, like body building.
17. Adaptations of resistance exercise
I. Neural adaptation:
Starts within 4 weeks of regular training.
Caused by decreased CNS inhibition, decreased
GTO sensitivity & changes in NMJ
• Increased number of motor unit recruitment
• Increased rate of firing
• Synchronized firing
18. Adaptations of resistance exercise
II. Skeletal muscle adaptation:
A. HYPERTROPHY
It is increase in the muscle bulk without increase in the
number of muscle fibers, due to increased myofibril
volume.
Starts between 4-8 weeks of resistance training.
Caused by increased protein synthesis and reduced
protein degradation.
Maximum hypertrophy in high volume moderate
resistance exercises performed eccentrically.
19. Adaptations of resistance exercise
B. HYPERPLASIA
It means increase in the no. of muscle fibers.
A small portion of muscle fibers may increase in
number by longitudinal splitting.
C. VASCULAR & METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS
Increased capillary bed density
Increased mitochondrial density
ATP & CP storage increases
Myoglobin storage increases
CPK & Myokinase increases
20. Adaptations of resistance exercise
III. Bone:
Minimizes or prevents loss of bone mineral
density.
Can be used for the treatment of osteoporosis/
osteopenia
IV. Connective tissue
Tensile strength of tendons ligaments and
connective tissue in muscle increases
21. DETERMINANTS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING
1. Frequency
2. Intensity
3. Time
4. Type
5. Alignment & Stabilization
6. Volume
7. Periodization
8. Rest interval
9. Sequencing
10.Integration to functional activities
The determinants are interdependent for a
successful regime
22. Repetition maximum
RM is a method of quantifying exercise intensity, Given by
Delorme
Definition:
A repetition maximum is defined as the greatest amount of
weight a muscle can move through the available ROM
for a specific no of times.
1 RM for a muscle is the maximum weight (resistance) with
which the muscle can contract through full/ available
ROM for one time. The muscle will be unable to perform
the repetition for a second time .
10 RM for a muscle is the maximum weight (resistance)
with which the muscle can contract through full/
available ROM for 10 times. The muscle will be unable to
perform the 11th repetition.
23. Uses of RM
1. To document a baseline measurement of
dynamic strength of a muscle
2. To identify an exercise load to be used
during exercise
3. To find out prognosis in reassessment and
alter the exercise regime accordingly.
24. How to measure 1RM?
Measured by repetitions to fatigue method
using equations/ charts.
Various equations and charts are available eg.
1 RM=(No of reps/30)+1 X weight used
Example: if one lifts 15 kg for 20 times, 1RM= ?
For reps to fatigue the muscle is warmed up and
stretched and then given a weight (preferably
free weight) which can be performed
comfortably over 5 repetitions. The no. of
repetition the candidate can perform before
fatigue is noted.
25. Training zone
The amount of resistance to be used in a training
program is usually a percentage of 1 RM
For sedentary: 30-40% of 1 RM
For untrained healthy individual: 60-70% of 1 RM
For highly trained: 80-95% of 1 RM
26. Time/duration
The duration of a resistance training regime is
the total no. of weeks or months during which
the exercise program is carried out.
Duration determines the adaptations:
< 4 weeks program-neural adaptation only.
6-12 weeks program- musculoskeletal
adaptation
(hypertrophy, increased vascularization)
27. Alignment and stabilization
Alignment and stabilization is necessary for
isolation of muscle and to prevent
substitution.
Stabilization can be external or internal by
isometric contraction of a fixator, (e.g.
abdominals in case of SLR)
28. Volume
Volume is the summation of the total no. of
repetitions and sets of a particular exercise
during a single exercise session multiplied by the
resistance used.
Higher the intensity lower the no. of repetitions.
Repetitions
Repetitions is the no. of times a particular
movement is repeated in a series of complete
and continuous excursions against a specific load.
Set
A predetermined no. of repetitions grouped
together is known as a set or bout. After each set
there is a brief interval of rest.
29. • Determination of repetitions:
It is based on the principle of repetition maximum.
Most commonly 10 repetitions of 10 RM is used. 10
RM is approximately 75% of 1RM.
Alternatively 15 RM (60% of 1 RM) or 5 RM (90% of
1 RM) is used.
A session may have a single set or multiple sets.
Single set exercises are used with low intensity in
early phases of rehab. For strength gaining
multiple sets are recommended.
For strength gain: low repetitions high resistance
For endurance gain: high repetitions low resistance
30. Types of resistance
• Manual and mechanical
• Static and dynamic
• Concentric and eccentric
• Open and closed chain
• Constant and variable load
• Isokinetic exercise.
31. PRE
Progressive resistance exercise is a dynamic
resistance training in which a constant external
load is applied to the contracting muscle by some
mechanical means and incrementally increased.
The RM is used as the basis of progression in the
resistance.
Multiple sets are used in a session, which may
consist of 2-3 sets of 6-12 repititions of 6-12 RM
Common variants are DeLorme, Oxford and
McQueen method.
32. Delorme: 4 sessions weekly, progress 10 RM once weekly
oxford: 5 times weekly
33. • McQueen Regime:
10reps@ 100% of 10RM
10reps@ 100% of 10RM
10reps@ 100% of 10RM
10reps@ 100% of 10RM
3 sessions weekly. Progress 10 RM every 1-2
week
35. BRIME
• Gerber & Hicks described a program of brief
isometric exercise of one to six isometric
contractions, held for 3 to 6 secs, with 20 sec
rests between contractions.
• Purpose is to maintain or slightly increase the
strength of quadriceps during acute knee joint
inflammation when the joint is otherwise held
at rest and to avoid increasing blood pressure
when this is a consideration.
• Usually done for arthritis.
37. Contraindication
1. pain:
Pain in free active movement
Acute pain in resisted isometrics
Pain that can not be eliminated by reducing the
resistance
2. inflammation:
Acute inflammation in muscle or inflammatory
neuro muscular pathology
Dynamic exercise is contraindicated in inflammation
of the joint
3. Severe cardiopulmonary disease.
4. Loss of joint integrity