The document discusses resins podophyllotoxin and curcumin. It provides details on their isolation, identification, and analysis. Podophyllotoxin is obtained from Podophyllum plants through extraction with alcohol followed by precipitation using acidified water. It is identified using TLC and analyzed using HPLC with a retention time of 9.455 minutes. Curcumin is the yellow compound in turmeric and is soluble in alkali and insoluble in water. It is identified using TLC with an Rf value of 0.79 under UV light at 365nm. Quantitative analysis of curcumin is done spectrophotometrically at 421nm.

1. Resins
Podophyllotoxin, Curcumin
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Dr PayalRahul Dande
M.Pharm,PhD
SVKM’sNMIMS,SPTMShirpurcampus

2. UNIT-III (6 Hours):
• Isolation, Identification and Analysis of Phytoconstituents
a) Terpenoids: Menthol, Citral, Artemisin
b) Glycosides: Glycyrhetinic acid & Rutin
c) Alkaloids: Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Caffeine
d) Resins: Podophyllotoxin, Curcumin
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3. Resins: Introduction
• Resins are amorphous solid or semisolid substances are regarded as the
end products of secondarymetabolism.
• They may contain volatile oil, oxygenated products of terpenes and carboxylic
acid
• Always water insoluble but mostly soluble in alcohol, volatile & fixed oil and
other non polar organic solvents.
• Physically they are found to be hard, translucent or transparent and fusible
i.e., upon heating they first get softened and ultimately melt.
• Chemically, they are complex mixtures of allied substances, like: resin acids,
resin alcohols (resinols), resinotannols, resin esters or glucoresins
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4. Podophyllotoxin
Isolation, Identificationand Analysis of Phytoconstituents
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5. Podophyllotoxin - Introduction
• Podophyllotoxin is a resin found in the rhizomes of Podophyllum
hexandrum or Podophyllum emodi of the family Berberidaceae
growing in the Himalayan forest in Kashmir, Sikkim and parts of UP.
• Podophyllotoxin: 20% in American & 40% in Indian variety.
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7. Podophyllotoxin
• Chemicallyit is aryltetralinlactone lignan.
• It is a toxic, polycyclic antimitoticagent
• Formula:C22H22O8
• Molar mass: 414.405 g/mol
• Melting point: 183.3 to 184 °C
• Solubility:
• Very Soluble in chloroform and pure ethanol,
• Soluble in acetone or dichloromethane;
• insoluble or sparinglysoluble in water
• Insoluble in ethyl ether
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8. Extraction & Isolation
• Podophyllum root & rhizome powder is extracted using alcohol by
percolationmethod or soxhlet method
• The percolated extract is concentrated to syrup consistency by removing
alcohol by distillationmethod
• Acidifiedusing acidifiedwater (containing2% HCl) with continuous stirring
• Allowed to stand for two hours at 5oC to precipitate podophyllum resin
(approximately 40%)
• Filter under vacuum, washed with acidified water, cooled at 5oC, dissolved
in 90% alcohol.
• Alcohol is distilledoff to get residuedried at 80oC to a constant weight
• Use preparativeTLC to purify and crystallizethe product at 0oC
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10. Identification
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11. Analysis
Retention time of about 9.455 minutes
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12. Podophylllotoxin uses
• Used for its anti-tumor activity
• Used in production of semi-synthetic drug Etoposide & teniposide.
• Topical: as an antiviral treatment for genital warts.
• Traditionally/ earlier
• It is used as drastic but slow acting purgative
• Used with other purgatives to prevent gripping action
• anthelmintic
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13. Curcumin
Isolation, Identificationand Analysis of Phytoconstituents
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14. Curcumin introduction
• Curcuminis a brightyellow chemical produced by Curcumalonga plants.
• It is the principal curcuminoid of turmeric (Curcumalonga), of family, Zingiberaceae.
• It is sold as an herbal supplement, cosmetics ingredient, food flavouring, and food
colouringagent.
• Chemically, curcumin is a diarylheptanoid, belonging to the group of curcuminoids, which
are natural phenols responsible for turmeric's yellowcolor.
• It is a tautomeric compound existing in enolic form in organic solvents and in keto form in
water.
• Curcumin is an oil-soluble pigment, practically insoluble in water at acidic and neutral pH,
and soluble in alkali, soluble in ethanol (10 mg/ml), DMSO (25 mg/ml), acetic
acid, 0.1M NaOH, 10mM Na2CO3, acetone, water (< 0.1 mg/ml), and
chloroform
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19. TLC identification and estimation
• Sample : Dissolve 1mg curcumin in 1ml methanol
• Stationary phase: Silica Gel G
• Mobile phase: Chloroform: Ethanol: glacial acetic acid(94:5:1)
• Detecting agent: Observation at UV 365nm
• Rf: 0. 79
• Color: bright yellow florescent
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20. Quantitative estimation of curcumin
• Spectrophotometric method
• Spectroscopic analysis was carried out using Double beam Shimadzu
recording UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (Kyoto, Japan) model 1601
with 10 mm path length matched quartz cells was used for analytical
purpose.
• Stock solutions of curcumin containing 10µg/ml were prepared in
methanol and evaluated in UV spectrophotometer.
• Showed the peak with maximum absorbance at 421 nm.
• The method is applied to the determination of curcumin in
pharmaceutical formulations.
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21. Thank you
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