As described above, emulsion formed through the biological reaction of oil, water, enzyme, enzyme-based ferment is viscous, thus affecting the original water flowing passages, forcing water flow to find more new passages

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Reservoir cleaning and oil displacement mechanisms of BERO™
biosurfactant
1) In the original oilfield, the original formation pressure of the oilfield is formed
through millions of years and presses crude oil to the ground, and only about
20% of original oil reserves can be recovered by mainly relying on natural
energy.
2) During the production of a production well, if crude oil cannot be recovered
due to the decrease of original formation pressure, high-pressure injected
water (i.e. water injection method) is used to flood the oil. This method can
increase production of crude oil by 10%-15% when applied in sandstone or
crystalline carbonate pores.
3) The original state under a microscope refers to the state of crude oil, sand
grains and mixture under formation pressure.

2. www.zfatech.com
UNITED STATES
Add: 12212 Ashling Dr Stafford, TX, 77477
Tel: +1713 893 4784
CHINA
Add:Nanopolis Suzhou: NW02, Room 110,
99 JinjiLake Avenue,Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
Zip: 215123
Tel: +86 512-6999 5236 Fax: +86 512-6999 5237
E-mail: contact@zfatech.com
4) The microscope shows that most crude oil more difficult to be recovered is
still retained in the reservoir after original (primary) recovery.
5) Retention zone and peeling off zone of crude oil
After water injection for a certain time, injected water only passes through
passages with smaller resistance (including pores and rock surface retaining
pressure), which causes many water flows to suffer “short-circuit” and
directly arrive at production well without performing the function of sweeping oil,
thereby increasing produced liquid but failing to increase the oil production of
production wells. Due to high consumption and low return, many production
wells stop production and are shut in.
6) After BERO™ biosurfactant is injected into a water injection well, it has the
functions of cleaning, oil displacement, stimulation, facilitating drainage,
penetration and biological degradation such as preventing organic deposition,
so change happens to the reservoir within the retention zone and the passage
of injected water flow also changes when BERO™ biosurfactant evenly
diffuses in the reservoir, passages with small resistance causing “short-circuit”
are influenced, water flow is forced to search for more new passages and the
sweep area of water flooding is enlarged, thereby improving water flooding
effect and realizing plugging removal and injection reduction.
7) Retention zone under microscope

3. www.zfatech.com
UNITED STATES
Add: 12212 Ashling Dr Stafford, TX, 77477
Tel: +1713 893 4784
CHINA
Add:Nanopolis Suzhou: NW02, Room 110,
99 JinjiLake Avenue,Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
Zip: 215123
Tel: +86 512-6999 5236 Fax: +86 512-6999 5237
E-mail: contact@zfatech.com
The microscope shows that in the small retention zone, water passes through
passages with small resistance and there is still a lot of crude oil retained in the
pores of the reservoir.
8) Blocking of retention layer
As described above, emulsion formed through the biological reaction of oil,
water, enzyme, enzyme-based ferment is viscous, thus affecting the original
water flowing passages, forcing water flow to find more new passages and
flooding more crude oil to the bottom of production well.