Research is defined as a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control observed phenomena using scientific methods. It involves inductive and deductive methods. The basic concepts of research include inductive methods which analyze observed events and are associated with qualitative research, and deductive methods which verify observed events and are associated with quantitative analysis. Research is significant as it builds knowledge, facilitates learning, helps understand issues, increases public awareness, and provides insights for better diagnosing, preventing, and treating diseases. The seven steps in conducting research are: 1) selecting a research problem, 2) conducting a literature review, 3) making a hypothesis, 4) preparing a research design, 5) conducting experimentation, 6) analyzing results and discussion

1. WHAT IS RESEARCH?
• Definition: research is defined as careful consideration of study
regarding a particular concern or problem using scientific
methods. According to the american sociologist earl robert
babbie, “research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain,
predict, and control the observed phenomenon. it involves
inductive and deductive methods.”
BASIC CONCEPT OF RESEARCH

2. # Inductive research methods analyze an observed event and
associated with qualitative research.
# Deductive methods verify the observed event and associated with
quantitative analysis.

3. TYPES OF RESEARCH

8. -It's a tool for building knowledge and facilitating
learning.
-Understand issues and increase public awareness
-Gain new insight which, for example, provides better
methods for diagnosing, preventing and treating
diseases.
SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH

9. 7 STEPS IN CONDUCTING
RESEARCH
1. Selection of research problem
2. literature survey
3. Making hypothesis
4. Preparing the research design
5. Experimentation
6. Results and discussion
7. Conclusions and recommendations

10. 1. Selection of research problem
• The research topic or problem should be practical, relatively
important, feasible, ethically and politically acceptable.

11. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW OR EXTENSIVE
LITERATURE SURVEY
• Literature review or extensive literature survey mostly connected
with the topics
• For this purpose academic journals, conference and govt. reports
and library must be studied.

12. 3. MAKING HYPOTHESIS
• The development of hypothesis is a technical work depends on
the researcher experience.
• The hypothesis is to draw the positive & negative cause and
effect aspects of a problem.
• Hypothesis narrows down the area of a research and keep a
researcher on the right path.

13. 4. PREPARATION OF RESEARCH DESIGN
• Research design is to prepare by the researcher
• The work plan of the whole study not only because it entails the
resources needed in conducting the research but also the ways these
resources are utilized.

14. -Conduct an experiment to prove the validity of the
hypothesis you have formulated. It includes-
-The methodology
-Data collection
-to ensure the validity and accuracy of the result.
5. EXPERIMENTATION

15. DATA COLLECTION
• data collection is the most important work, is researcher. the collection
of information must be containing on facts which is from the following
two types of researcher.
• primary data collection: primary data may be from the following.
1. experiment
2. questionnaire
3. observation
4. interview
• secondary data collection: it has the following categories:
1. review of literature
2. official and non-official reports
3. library approach

16. 6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
• Data analysis
# data classification, data presentation, data measurement
• Preparation of report using table or graph to interpret the results of
your research.
• Discuss the hypothesis

17. CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
• it should answer your hypothesis and research problem.
• Concluding statement
• Recommendations are based on conclusions and conclusions are based
on findings