Reproduction in plants : Structure of seed, crop, stages of crop production , vegetative propagation, life cycle of Plant , mind map and flow chart of whole chapter

1. Reproduction in Plants
Class- V

2. Have you ever wondered::
• From where do seeds come?
• How does a seed give rise to a baby plants?
• Do all plants come from Seeds?
• How do Farmer grow crops in the field?

3. What is Reproduction?
• Reproduction is the process by which a
living organism produces a new individuals
of its own kind.

4. LIFE CYCLE OF PLANTS
SEED: Plants start as seeds. When a seed starts to grow we call that germination.
 SEEDLING : New small plant grows out of the ground from seed.
MATURE PLANT: The stem and its leaves grow towards sunlight and make food
for the plants. Matures plants starts bearing flower.
 FRUIT :After a flower is fertilized, most plants make seeds in the form of fruit.
The seed inside the fruit can be planted and grow into a new plant, and the
cycle starts over again.

5. What is Pollination?
Pollination in plants is the process where pollen is transferred from the
anther, the male part of a flower, to the stigma, the female part of a flower.
The word ‘pollen’, has been used in science texts since 1760 and
means “the fertilizing part of flowers.” Earlier in history it meant
“dust or fine flour.”

6. What is Germination ?
• The process by which a seed produces a
seedling or a baby plants is called
Germination.
Germination of a Seed
Condition Required for Germination- Warmth, Water, Air (Oxygen)

7. Stages of Germination
• When the seed get all the necessary things like air, water, warmth,
space and nutrients from the soil the process of germination starts.
• During the early stages the seeds will get food from the
cotyledons.
• The seed coat will break and a new plant will emerge out of the
seed.
• When the plant will develop a root system it will absorb water and
nutrients from the soil.
• The shoot system of the plant will develop and now the leaves will
start preparing food for the plant therefore the cotyledons will
shrink and disappear.

8. SEEDS
• Seed is a tiny life support package , which gives rise to a
new plant.
• Seeds are the small parts produced by plants from
which new plants grow.

9. Parts of Seed
• Seed Coat: The outer hard cover of seed.
• Cotyledons: A cotyledon is a significant part of the embryo within
the seed of a plant.
A Cotyledons is filled with stored food that the plants
uses before it begins photosynthesis.
• Embryo (baby plants): It is carried by Seed (Plumule and Radicle)
• Plumule: A shoot tip with a pair of miniature leaves.
• Radicle: The part of seed where root develops.

10. Monocot and Dicot Seeds
Monocot Seeds: Only one cotyledon present in the embryo.
Ex. Maize, rice, wheat.
Dicot Seeds: Two cotyledons are present in the embryo.
Ex. Grams, Peas, Beans.

11. What will happen if all the seedling grow
together at the same place ?
None of the seedling will get enough food,
water, and space to grow and hence they will
not survive.

12. Dispersal of Seeds
• Scattering of Seeds away from the parent
plant by Agents (wind,water,animals and
explosion) is known as Dispersal of seeds.

13. Agents of Seeds dispersal
1. Wind: Cotton, Madar, Dandelion
2. Water- Coconut, water lily ,hydrilla

14. Agents of Seeds dispersal
1. Animals:cocklebur seeds
2. Explosion of fruits- pods of some fruits like, peas, beans and balsam

15. New Plants from other parts of plants:
Vegetative reproduction:
From Root
From Stem
From Leaves
From Spores
Spores : Ferns Mosses

16. What is Crops:
A crop is a plant that is cultivated or grown on a large scale to obtain
food or other useful product.
The process of growing crops is known as Cultivaton.
Grown in summer season

17. Stages of Crop Production:
1. Ploughing / Soil preparation
2. Sowing
3. Adding Fertilizers
4. Irrigation
5. Protection / Weeding
6. Harvesting
7. Storage
8. Transportation
1. Ploughing:

18. 2.Sowing:
3.Adding Fertilisers:

19. 4.Irrigation:
5. Weeding and Protection:

20. 6.Harvesting:
5. Storage and Transportation:

21. LET’S REFLECT
 What is Germination?
Why do we grow crops?
What do you understand by Germination?
List the conditions necessary for a seed to germinate.
What is the function of seed coat in seed?
Name any two agents of seed Dispersal