The document summarizes several theories about media representations of youth: - Giroux and Acland argue that media representations are created by adults without understanding youth reality, portraying them in stereotypical ways to control behavior. - Hebdige says media limits representations of youth to "trouble" or "fun" without showing diversity. - Cohen describes how media can create "moral panics" by portraying youth as "folk devils" when they challenge social norms. - Gramsci discusses how media upholds norms of the middle class as the standard. - Philo and Gerbner explain how media cultivates perceptions, with Philo arguing lower classes are portrayed as "