This document discusses several theories related to media influence and representation, including cultivation theory, cultural effects theory, pluralism, hegemony, and stereotypes. Cultivation theory proposes that television has small, gradual effects in reinforcing dominant societal ideologies. Cultural effects theory similarly argues that constant media exposure can subtly affect judgments over time. Pluralism posits that media merely reflect popular consensus values. Hegemony refers to the dominant classes using media to define societal norms. Stereotypes oversimplify groups using exaggerated or distorted characteristics.
This presentation looks at how media institutions use ideology to gain audiences. This is a good resource for A-Level Media Studies, key concepts. Also BTEC Level 3
This presentation looks at how media institutions use ideology to gain audiences. This is a good resource for A-Level Media Studies, key concepts. Also BTEC Level 3
Audience Research Areas into The media effects debate (hegemony vs. pluralism), The hypodermic syringe theory and passive audience theory, and Active audience theory and postmodernism/pluralism.
Created by Megan McLatchie
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
Autopilot per Studio Web
Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
👨🏫👨💻 Speakers:
Stefano Negro, UiPath MVPx3, RPA Tech Lead @ BSP Consultant
Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
3. Cultivation Theory
CULTIVATIONtheory helps us to understand the
importance of the media. Same area as
audience effects models but slowing down from
an immediate to a slower more ideological
effect.
George GERBNER started this and cultivation
theorists argue that TV has long term effects ,
which are small gradual, indirect and cumulative
and ultimately significant. That TV reinforces
values already present in society and to support
the dominant ideology.
4. Cultural Effects Theory
Similar the ‘drip drip theory’, cultural effects
theory argues that the relationship between the
media texts and peoples behaviour is long term
and subtle. And that constant exposure to a
particular message can be seen as slowly
affecting judgement and attitudes.
5. Two videos on Media Influence
Media Influence pt 1
Media IInfluence - pt 2 Moral Panics
A bit radical.... But useful to watch
6. Back to Basics
IDEOLOGY – are messages or values that are
embedded into media
Ideology refers to the influence of ideas on people’s
beliefs and actions’ (Anthony Giddens)
DOMINANT IDEOLOGY – these are the ideologies that
are accepted by the majority as the norm in society.
So that it should be clear that people in control of the
media have the ability to promote the messages and
values that they want to.
This leads to the next term….
7. Hegemony – from Marxism
The ruling class maintains their power through he
control of ideas and culture rather than force.
The mass media adopt a consensus of what is
normal, a kind of unquestioned commonsense, a
set of values that the majority of people agree
with without even thinking about it.
Media traditionally controlled by white middle
class men, and that they construct media texts
to maintain the status quo and keep them in
power.
8. Hegemony – from Marxism
GRAMSCI – Antonio GRAMSCI (1891- 1937), Italian, developed
this notion of cultural hegemony, when societies norms are
defined by the way the dominant classes portray things.
ALTHUSSER – Louis ALTHUSER (1918 - 1990). French, argues that
people are not free and self-determined but rather controlled
by the ruling classes ideology, which is promoted through state
control. This consists of everything from education, media,
religion and family. To put it another way he believed that a
persons ability to define themselves is not innate but acquired
within the structure of the established social practices, these
then determine their characteristics and the range of the
characteristics that they can have and their limits.
NB not really relevant but he did strangle his wife in 1980!
9. Pluralism
Says that the media is diverse, with a wide range
of available choices.
Consensus values in society influence the media
whose texts just mirror society.
If particular representations are dominant it is
because it is popular with its audience, not
because they are being pushed by media
institutions.
10. Pluralism - cont
The main function of media to entertain, their
audience, then it make sense to provide
representations that meet audience
expectations
These leads to stereotypes, pandering to the
views of the audience, and the more they
pander the more money they make.
So they need to be constantly adjusted , as
society changes it views
12. Pluralism - cont
GIROUX – Henry GIROUX( 1943- ) American,
introduced the thinking that media
representations may have little to do with who
are being represented, (‘empty representations’)
as there is no self-representation but rather being
portrayed by another group, eg the
representations of youth in main stream mass
media are constructed by adults, and you can
extend that out to gender.
13. Females in film
Feature films: In 2010, women comprised 16% of
all directors, executive producers, producers,
writers, cinematographers, and editors working
on the top 250 USA grossing films. This represents
a decline of 1 percentage points from 1998 and
is even with 2009 figures. By role, women
accounted for 7% of directors, 10% of writers,
15% of executive producers, 24% of producers,
18% of editors, and 2% of cinematographers.
(Martha Lauzen, Celluloid Ceiling, Center for the
Study of Women in Television and Film, San
Diego State University)
14. Mediation
What happens to real events or people that are
changed into words or images and used to form
media texts that the audience consume.
Three main areas
Selection – more is rejected, eg news
Organisation – life is not organised but this will be
Focussing- will lead audience to concentrate on
certain things and ignore others
15. Moral Panics
COHEN – Stanley COHEN (1942 – 2013), South African,
first coined the term moral panic in 1987. A moral
panic is an episode that causes society ( and by that
we mean the dominant class) to worry that it might
cause an upset to its values and principles. This he
explains can be a person or group of people which
become defined and seen as a threat to societal
interests and values. He discussed the roles that the
mass media has in these cases by mediated them,
amplifying the facts ( and apparent frequency by
spiralling the reporting) their importance . And it can
do that by use of emotive language, reporting
frequency, and across different media text.
16. Moral Panics
He argued that from time to time ‘folk devils’
emerge which reflect the worries and anxieties
of society, and by reporting on these folk devils a
moral panic occurs which involves police,
politicians and the mass media reporting and
reflecting on it and mediating adding to the
moral panic. One outcome of this moral panic is
how it reinforces hegemony but making it clear
what society will tolerate and what it wont, and
what its values are
17. Representation
Reflective Representation – trying to replicate the true
meaning of the thing or person. People think the news
is this
Intentional Representation – opposite to reflective,
most important is the person doing the
representation, presenting their view of things their
opinions
Constructionist Representation – where things do not
have a meaning, we create the meaning, and it is
not fixed. This is the most popular.
18. Stereotypes
A shortcut way to deliver to the audience a set
of characteristics about a person by attributing
identical characteristics to everyone on that
group.
If the audience accepts them may well change
their perception of the word and hence
behaviour.
Constructed using a set of variables, such as
clothing, language, habitat, music, lifestyle etc
and based on simplification, exaggeration or
distortion and generalisation
19. Stereotypes - cont
DYER – Richard Dyer ( 1945 - ) stated (1979) that
stereotyping involves a number of processes: the
complexity and variety of a group is reduced to
a few characteristics, and exaggerated version
of these characteristics is applied to everyone in
the group as if they are an essential element of
all members of that group, and that these
characteristics are represented in the media
through media language.
He suggested that stereotypes are formed by
those with power about those with less power.
20. Stereotypes - cont
MEDHURST – Andy Medhurst ( 19xx - ) suggested
(1995) that stereotypes can be seen as a type of
media shorthand allowing an easy quick
communication with the audience. Stereotypes
would therefore by used when time was an issue,
TV adverts, sitcoms, less significant characters in
soaps or when introducing new ones.
21. Implicit Personality Theory
Implicit Personality Theory is a way that we ‘work
out’ details about a person from a limited
amount of information that we have about
them.
22. Social Categorization
Social categorization – is the process by which
we categorise people into different groups base
don common characteristics. Some of the most
common grouping people use include age,
gender, occupation and race.Can have positive
and negative aspects, can make judgements
really quickly and establish expectations on how
you expect that person to behave in certain
situations very quickly
Can lead to errors and stereotyping.
23. Countertypes
A specific type of stereotype, usually formed
from a negative stereotype, to form a positive
one by selecting some positive features from
that group.
It is still a stereotype, so still a simplification of the
diversity within a group.