There are several types of reports used in organizations, including memorandum reports, progress reports, periodic reports, and justification reports. Memorandum reports are often used for internal communication and contain an introduction, body, and conclusion. Progress reports inform management of the project's rate of progress and goals. Periodic reports regularly keep others informed of operations. Justification reports provide reasons for changes or decisions. Effective written reports are tactful, impersonal, positive, active, unified, coherent, clear, concise, and readable. Proposals attempt to persuade someone of the writer's qualifications in exchange for compensation and include an introduction, problem statement, objectives, plan, available resources, cost, and summary.