The document discusses renewable sources of energy such as solar, wind, geothermal, biofuel, and hydroelectricity. It provides examples of each type of renewable energy, noting their benefits like being renewable, reducing pollution, and providing sustainable power. The document also discusses some challenges of renewable energy sources like high initial costs to set up plants. In conclusion, the document advocates for greater use of renewable resources as alternatives to finite fossil fuels.

2. GROUP MEMBERS
728ANSHU KUMAR(LEADER)
798 UJJWAL
785 VIKASH KUMAR GUPTA

3.  Poem
 Article
 Story
 Quotes & thoughts
 Application

4.  THE RESOURCES ARE FINITE
The Resources Are Finite , Resources Are
Scare,
Things Are Bad And Will Be Worse,
Coal Is Burned And Gas Is Exploded,
Forest Cut And Soil Eroded,
Wells Are Dry And Air Polluted,
Dust Is Blowing , Trees Are Uprooted,
Oil Is Going , Ores Depleted,
Drains Receive What Is Excreted,
Land Is Sinking, Seas Are Rising,
Man Is Far Too Enterprising,
Soon We Will Have A Plundered Planet.

5. What Does The Future Hold For Us?
Smog Filled Skies And Poison Cars
And Broken Land With Useless Dust,
And Nature’s Beauty Behind Bars.
…………………………………………………..
.………………………………………………….
This Problem Is Enormous,
As We Gradually Take Heed.
So We Must Fix It Quickly,
Using Words And Thoughts And Deeds

6. RENEWABLE SORCES OF ENERGY ARE THE STEPS
AHEAD TO MAKE THE EARTH GREEN. IN THE
RECENT WAKE OF MODERNISATION AND
DOVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR WE
HAVE EXHAUSTED THE NATURAL RESOURCES TO
SUPPLEMENT THE POWER DEMAND. IN THIS WAY
WE HAVE ADDED TO THE BURDEN OF LUNGS OF
EARTH(GREEN PLANTS AND VEGETATION ) AND
ALSO DUG GRAVE FOR THE RESOURCES WHICH
ARE USED AT EXCESSIVE RATE AND WILL LEAD
TO DEFECIENCY OF POWER SOURCES.
RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY ARE THE
WAYS FOR BACK UP OF THESE SOURCES.

Article

7.  THE BEST PREPARATION FOR TOMORROW IS TO
SAVE ENERGY TODAY.
 IF YOU WANT TO GAIN THE CONTROL OVER THE
ENTIRE WORLD JUST CONTROL THE ENERGY.
 ENERGY CONSERVATION IS THE FOUNDATION OF
ENERGY INDEPENDENCE.
 IT IS THE UNDEFIANT FACT THAT WITHOUT
ENERGY LIFE WILL BE EQUIVALENT TO THE
DARKEST CORNER OF THE HELL.
GO GREEN

8.  WE SHOULD NOT CONSUME HYDRO CARBON
FUEL BUT USE IT TO DEVELOP HYDRO
POWER AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES.
-Vladimir Putin
 IT IS TIME FOR A SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
POLICY WHICH PUTS CONSUMERS, THE
ENVIRONMENT,HUMAN HEALTH AND PEACE
FIRST
-HILLARY CLINTON

10. Group ‘B’
Class 9-B
The principal
Sainik school Gopalganj
Subject : regarding renewable resources.
Sir
Most humbly and respectfully I state that in last
session there was an expense of approximately 45
lakhs on diesel. If we install a solar power plant, which
is a one time investment programme for power supply
not only we should able to save money but can also
save our earth . so I request you to take necessary
steps towards it.
yours obediently
group ‘B’

11. "There was a time when meadow, grove and
stream,
The earth and every common sight
To me did seem
Apparel in celestial light,
The glory and the freshness of a dream.
It is not now as it had been of yore;
Turn where so I may,
By night or day, the things which I have seen I
now can see no more."

13. Solar
Wind
Geothermal
Bio Fuel & Biogas
HYDROELECTRICITY
These are the kind of energy source which can be renewed
or reused again and again. These kinds of materials do not
exhaust or literally speaking these are available in abundant
or infinite quantity. Example for this kind includes

14.  It may or may not come as a surprise to learn that
before the discovery of coal deposits around the
time of the Industrial Revolution, most of the
energy we used for lighting and heating was from
renewable sources - with one or two exceptions.
 Then we discovered coal. And we used it instead of
the Renewable Resources.
 Humanity continued in that fashion for many
thousands of years before the discovery of oils.
 It was in the 1970s that we began to look back
towards some of these ancient methods and
technologies to provide the power sources of
tomorrow.

15.  Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines
to mechanically power generators for electric power.
 Wind power, as an alternative to burning fossil fuels, is
plentiful, renewable ,widely distributed , clean, produces
no greenhouse gas emissions during operation,
consumes no water, and uses little land.
 Jaisalmer is the second largest
producer of wind energy in the world.

16. History of Wind usage:
 one of the earliest energy
resources.
Recorded in history, first to
power boats and grind grain,
later to pump water, press oil,
saw lumber and make paper.
Windmills were mentioned at
the beginning of Islamic
civilization (7th century).
Windmills were developed in
Persia and used paddles made
of bundled reeds.
Egyptians may have been the
first to go up the Nile river
around 4th century B.C,
powered by wind.
Ancient Chinese used vertical
axis windmills to grind grain
and pump water.
Wind Today!!!
Windmills are used for pumping water
from deep underground.
Modern wind turbine is the result of
design and material advances made
during the 1980s and 1990s, which
enabled wind turbines to become
increasingly efficient.
Today, wind turbines are size same as
the traditional European windmill. It can
generate 250 to 300 kilowatts of
power- a nearly tenfold increase in
efficiency.

17.  It does not produce any carbon dioxide.
 It is a renewable energy.
 There is no use of fossil fuels.
 Almost 95% of the land in use can be used
for farming/recreational purpose.

18.  A regular onshore turbine
last for around 20 years
 Normally it takes about 2-
3 months before the wind
turbine has paid itself
back.
This also includes the
energy, which were used
to produce, install,
maintain and remove the
wind turbine.
 Cheaper foundation
 Cheaper integration with
electrical-grid network
 A offshore wind turbine
is stronger than a
onshore turbine. It lasts
around 25-30 years, and
produces about 50 %
more energy than a
onshore turbine.
 When a strong wind
blows, it produces
around 3-5 MW per
hour.
 Higher and more
constant wind speed

19.  Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the sun
harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies
such as solar heating, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal
energy, solar architecture and artificial photosynthesis.
 It is an important source of renewable energy and its
technologies are broadly characterized as either passive
solar or active solar depending on the way they capture
and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power.
Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic
systems, concentrated solar power and solar water
heating to harness the energy.

20. ◦ It is a renewable energy.
◦ It is non-polluting.
◦ It does not produce any
noise.
◦ Solar cells are recyclable.
◦ Long Duration

21.  Heat has been radiating from the Earth's core for billions of
years. This heat is originated since the formation of the
Earth and it is continuously regenerated by the decay of
radioactive elements. The rate of this regeneration of
geothermal heat is so high that it makes the geothermal
energy a renewable resource.
 Near the Earth's core, the temperature ranges about 5500
degree Celsius. This heat is basically the thermal energy
stored inside the Earth's core and the Earth's crust acts like
an insulator and keeps the heat trapped inside. This thermal
energy is known as geothermal energy (geo=earth and
thermal=heat).
 The heat trapped inside the core (by the Earth's crust) is
transferred to the surface by the following ways:
 Direct heat conduction
 Bubble like magma that buoys up to the surface
 Rapid injection of magma into deep, natural rifts.

22.  Renewable energy source
 No harmful gases emitted
 No green house effect
 Cost of Fuel is negligible
 Capital cost is 40-60% less than thermal
and Nuclear plants
 Short construction period
 Corrosive effects of steam tackled by
advanced metallurgy

23. Hydroelectricity is electricity that is made by the movement of
water (H20). It is usually made with dams that block a river to
make a reservoir or collect water that is pumped there. When
the water is "let go", the huge pressure behind the dam forces
the water down pipes that lead to a turbine.
 The generation of the electricity through the flowing stream of
the river or any water source by building dams over it.
 1936 marks an important year – the largest hydroelectric
power plant, the Hoover Dam, was opened and generated
1345 MW.
 Three Gorges dam is the largest power plant at current date,
generating 22.500 MW, adding to China’s installed
hydroelectric capacity of 196.79 GW (2009).

24.  MODRATE TO HIGH NET ENERGY.
 HIGH EFFICIENCY (80%)
 LOW COST ELECTRICITY.
 LONG LIFE SPAN.
 NO CO2 EMISSION DURING OPERATION.
 MAY PROVIDE FLOOD CONTROL BELOW DAM.
 PROVIDE WATER FOR YEAR ROUND IRRIGATION.

25.  The mixture of combustible gases obtained by the
bacterial degradation of cattle dung (or any other
suitable biomass) in the absence of air is called
biogas. Biogas is obtained by the anaerobic
fermentation of animal and agricultural wastes such
as cattle dung kitchen waste etc. Biogas is not a
single gas. It is a mixture of many gases.
 Why Biogas Is cleaner form of energy
 Biogas burns with a smokeless flame and leaves no
ash. As a result, the burning of biogas
 Does not cause pollution of the air.
 Does not pose any problem of the disposal of ash.
 Therefore, biogas can be termed as a clean fuel.

26.  Used mainly for cooking & lighting purposes.
 Used in internal combustion engines to power water
pumps & electric generators.
 Used as fuel in fuel type refridgerators.
 Sludge - fertilizer.
 It is pollution free.
8/31/2017

27. •The sun, wind, geothermal, ocean energy are available in
the abundant quantity and free to use.
• non-renewable sources of energy that we are using are
limited and are bound to expire one day.
•Renewable sources have low carbon emissions, therefore
they are considered as green and environment friendly.
•Renewable helps in stimulating the economy and creating
job opportunities.
•The money that is used to build these plants can provide
jobs to thousands to lakhs of people.
•You don’t have to rely on any third country for the supply
of renewable sources as in case of non-renewable sources.

28. •It is not easy to set up a plant as the initial costs are
quite steep.
•Solar energy can be used during the day time and not
during night or rainy season.
•Geothermal energy which can be used to generate
electricity has side effects too. It can bring toxic
chemicals beneath the earth surface onto the top and
can create environmental changes.
•Hydroelectric provide pure form of energy but
building dams across the river which is quite expensive
can affect natural flow and affect wildlife.
•To use wind energy, you have to rely on strong winds
therefore you have to choose suitable site to operate
them. Also, they can affect bird population as they are
quite high.

29.  I. RURAL ENERGYPROGRAMMES:
 Biogas Development Programme
 National Programme on Improved Chulhas (NPIC).
 Integrated Rural Energy Programme (IREP).
 SOLAR ENERGY PROGRAMMES
 SPECIAL AREA DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMME
 SCHEME OF ASSISTANCE FOR SEMINARS /
SYMPOSIA / WORKSHOPS

30. (1)Fossil Fuels Are Limited
(2)Public Health
(3) Security
(4)Economic Stability

31. Suggestions to make the transition to
a more sustainable energy future

32. GROUP MEMBERS
799 AMAN KUMAR (LEADER)
752 ASHISH KUMAR
802 RAVI RANJAN SINGH
881 RAHUL RANJAN SINGH

33. 48.5
13.5
9.5
4.3
4.1
2.4 2 1.7
Top 8 countries Installed Solar Power Capacity
Jan-Dec (2015)
PR China (48.5%)
USA (13.5%)
Germany (9.5%)
Brazil (4.3%)
India (4.1%)
Canada (2.4%)
Poland (2.0%)
France (1.7%)

34. 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
US
CHINA
GERMANY
INDIA
UK
SPAIN
CANADA
ITALY
FRANCE
SOUTHAFRICA
9000
8500
3500
2000
1800
1500
1000
800
750
650
INSTALLED CAPACITY (MW)
INSTALLED CAPACITY
(MW)

35. 2.70% 3.20%
4.70%
6%
6.10%
7.40%
8.20%
9.50%14%
15.50%
22.60%
MINGYANG(CHINA)
SINOVEL(CHINA)
UNITED POWER(CHINA)
GOLD WIND(CHINA)
GAMESA(SPAIN)
SUZLON(INDIA)
ENERCON(GERMANY)
SIEMENS WIND
POWER(GERMANY)

36. 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
2012
2013
2014
2015

37. 8%
23%
41%
23%
5%
NATURAL GAS
PETROLEUM
COAL
SOLID BIOMASS AND
WASTE
NUCLEAR AND
OTHER RENEWABLE

38. 0 5000 10000 15000
India
Indonesia
China
Germany
Japan
Australia
USA
Sweden
United Arab…
684
680
3298
7081
7848
10720
13246
14030
9389
Per Capita Energy Consumption (kWh)
Per Capita Energy
Consumption (kWh)
38

39. 0
10
20
3.74
1.77
2.39
0.21
2.21
19.93
Output in…

40. 29.7
21.7
2.2
1.7 1.5 0.6
wind 29.7 %
pv 21.7 %
natural gas 2.2
%
coal 1.7 %
oil 1.5 %
nuclear 0.6 %

41. 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1167
1000
132127.85 20 15 13 12 9 9
BAR GRAPH

42. 39%
37%
14%
10%
HYDRO
DIESEL
NATURAL GAS
GEOTHERMAL

43. 80
130
200
30
40 40
7 8 1010
22
38
0
50
100
150
200
250
10th FIVE YEAR
PLAN
11th FIVE YEAR
PLAN
12th FIVE YEAR
PLAN
THERMAL
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
RENEWABLES

44. 3000
400
520
2000
2312
252
45
1117
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
WIND
POWER
SMALL
HYDRO
BIO POWER SOLAR
POWER
TARGET(MW)
ACTUAL(MW)

45. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
AP
GUJRAT
KARNATKA
KERALA
MP
ODISHA
RAJASTHAN
TAMILNADU
WESTBENGAL
OTHERSTATES
2000
3100
4120
1380
1920
8401210
1900
1180
2150
POWER (MW)
POWER (MW)

46. (1)सुरज कु मार::780
(2)ऊत्कर्ष कु मार:: 736
(3)प्रहलाद कु मार::750

47.  मानव जाति ने सभ्यिा के शुरआि से ही अनवीनकरणीय
ऊजाष के स्रोिों को उपयोग में लाया है चाहे वह कोयला हो या
पेट्रोल,सभी अत्याधिक मात्रा में उपयोग ककए जाने के कारण
खत्म होिे जा रहे हैं,एवं अब भी हम अनवीनकरणीय ऊजाष के
स्रोिों का ईस्िमाल बंद नही कर रहे हैं। पर अब समय आ
गया है कक हम अपनी नजर नवीनकरणीय स्रोि की ओर
दौडाए वरना आने वाला कल अंिकारमय होगा।
 हमें पवन की िाकि को समझना होगा, पानी रोक टरबाईन
घुमाना पडेगा एवं िरिी से तनकले िाप को ववद्युि में
बदलना पडेगा....................

53. प्रेर्क: : :
ववद्यालय के सभी छात्र
सैतनक ववद्यालय गोपालगंज
841436, हथुआ
ददनांक: जनवरी03, 2017
सेवा में
बबहार सरकार (भारि)
ववर्य: नवीनकरणीय ऊजाष के संमंि में लोगों को बिाने हेिु
महोदय,
मैं आपके राज्य गोपालगंज का तनवासी हुं एवं आपसे सादर
अनुयय ववनय के साथ कहना चाहिा हुं, कक हमारे राज्य में
ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों के लोगों को नवीनकरणीय ऊजाष के संमंि में अधिक
जानकारी नहीं है।अि: मेरा श्रीमान से अनुरोि है कक हमारे राज्य
में ववभभन्न प्रकार के अभभयान चलाया जाए िाकक सभी लोग ऊजाष
के संरक्षण एवं इसके इस्िेमाल को लेकर जागरूक हो सकें और
अनवीनकरणीय ऊजाष को भववष्य में अपने आने वाले पीढी के भलए
सुरक्षक्षि रख सके ।
आपकाभवदीय,
सैतनक ववद्यालय गोपालगंज के सभी छात्र

54. Divyanshu Kumar,
Krishna Kumar
Anjanesh Kumar
&
Satyam Prakash

55.  Hydropower transforms the potential
energy of a mass of water flowing in a
river or stream with a certain vertical
fall (termed the “head”)
•The High speed water rotates the
water turbine and the rotating blade in
turns generates the Electricity.
The potential annual power
generation of a hydropower project is
proportional to the head and flow of
water.

57.  TheAir-Water-GravityGenerator
 It is a large, hollow cylinder filled with air and
anchored to the seafloor at varying depths. An
electrical generator sits inside the cylinder. To
generate power, a valve lets water into the device
under great pressure. The flowing water enters a
vacuum chamber and forces a piston to climb a
stator, the stationary part of the generator on
which a rotor spins. As the piston moves up the
stator, it generates electricity.

58.  Engineers place a series of cylinders on the river or
ocean bottom. The passing current flows over the
cylinders creating vortices, which move the
cylinders up and down. Inside each cylinder is a
magnet that moves over a metal coil, generating an
electrical DC current. VIVACE then takes the DC
current and converts it into AC. Unlike other
hydrokinetic technologies, VIVACE can harness
energy from slow-moving rivers.

59.  A water turbine that can be enclosed in a pipe. When
water rushes pass the turbine, it generates electricity.
The device, called the Benkatina Turbine, works off the
water flowing through enclosed water pipes, sewer pipes,
canals and pipes that remove wastewater from factories

60.  When the high speed wind strikes the blades of the wind
mills the blades starts rotating.
 This Blades are attached to the motor which indeed is
connected to the shaft which produces the electricity.
 This wind mills converts the kinetic energy into mechanical
energy.
 The Total Wind Power generated is given By:
 P=⅛ ρD²C³
P=power
ρ=Density of
air(kg/m³)
D=Rotor diameter
C=Incomming wind
velocity(m/s

62.  New urban rooftop
windmills are new
windmills with a smaller
and quieter design. These
windmills are designed to
be more efficient with wind
patterns occurring in cities.
They are able to turn at
wind speeds as low as 8
mph
Wind energy is the transformation of the
kinetic energy of the wind into
mechanical or electrical energy that can
be harnessed for practical use

63. • Innovations in
the field of wind
power led to
produce more
technological
inventions.
•One such
invention is jet
wind turbine.
•It’s size is 10
times smaller than
usual one but it
produces 4 times
greater electricity.

64. •The Biggest
advantage of the
Wind mills are that
it occupies very
small spaces but
gives the results
very high.
•We can plant the
wind mills in the
cities which not only
will produce
electricity but will
also light the streets.

65. •If we couldn’t
find any more
space on the
land we could
place the wind
mills on the
water which
gives us results
and uses no
any space for
human
settlements.

68.  Geothermal Gradient is the rate of increasing
temperature with respect to increasing depth in the
Earth’s interior.

69.  Types of Geothermal Power Plant:
 (1).Flash Steam Power Plant
 (2).Dry Steam Power Plant
 (3).Binary Cycle Power Plant

73. • Space heating in homes
• Desalination
• Industrial processes
• Food dehydration plants
• Greenhouse heating
• Agriculture(crop drying & milk
pasteurization)
• resorts and pools
• melting snow
Uses of geothermal energy
 Direct use
 Electricity production
• Flash steam power plant
• Dry steam power plant
• Binary cycle power plant

74. Why not “create” hot
water beneath the
surface by injecting
cold water into dry,
hot rock formations
and then recovering
the water once it
has been heated
through contact
with them? The use
of end-of-life, or
depleted, oil fields
is also being
studied.

76.  Biogas is primarily Methane (CH4) and
carbon dioxide (CO2) and may have small
amounts of Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S),
moisture and siloxanes.
 The gases Hydrogen, Methane and
Carbon dioxide can be combusted or
oxidised with the Oxygen.
 This Energy released allows biogas to be
used as a fuel.
 Biogas can be compressed , the same way
natural gas is compressed to CNG, and
used to power vehicle.

77. Soybean Corn
Soyabean Corn Sugarcane Sugarbeet
Switchgrass Jatropha Camelina Algae

82.  Biogas is a source of energy which is
cleaner and more efficient source of
energy than any other biomass energy.
 In most of the developing countries the
government is focusing on the biogas for
any rural areas.
 This is because it is much more low
costing as well as low polluting.
 It just involves investments of organic
matters and just bacteria and returns very
good results.

83.  Solar energy Originates with the thermonuclear
fusion reactions occurring in the sun.
 Represents the entire electromagnetic radiation
(visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio
waves).
 This energy consists of radiant light and heat
energy from the sun.
 Out of all energy emitted by sun only a small
fraction of energy is absorbed by the earth.
 Just this tiny fraction of the sun’s energy is enough
to meet all our power needs.

84. The surface receives about 47% of the total solar
energy that reaches the Earth. Only this amount is
usable.

85.  Solar Thermal Energy
 Solar Heating
 – Solar Water Heating
 – Solar Space Heating
 – Solar Space Cooling
 Electricity Generation Using Solar Concentrators
 Photovoltaic Cells

86. Space Heating
 Active Solar Heating System
A system that uses water or air that the sun has heated
and is then circulated by a fan or pump.
◦ Passive Solar Heating System
The house itself acts as the solar collector and storage
facility.
No pumps or fans are used.
This system makes use of the materials of the house
to store and absorb heat.

88. Space Cooling
 The heat from a solar collector can also be used to
cool a building by using the solar heat as an energy
source.

89.  Solar power is described as the conversion of
sunlight into electricity. Sunlight could be changed
into electricity with the use of :
 Indirectly by CSPs or
 Directly using PV or photovoltaic

90.  CSP is a power generation technology that uses
mirrors or lenses to concentrate the sun’s rays and,
 That heat a fluid and produce steam.
 The steam drives a turbine and generates power in
the same way as conventional power plants.
 Other concepts are being explored and not all
future CSP plants will necessarily use a steam cycle.

91. • Photoelectric effect
 When a light of certain frequency falls on the
surface of a metal
 Electrons will absorb the energy
 If incident light energy is greater than the work
function(minimum energy required to remove the
loosely bound valence electrons)of the metal
 Then the photo electrons will be emitted and
 The excess energy is converted to the kinetic
energy of electron.

92. • When solar panels are placed in the sunlight
, photons will strike the surface and emits
electrons.
• As a result electron hole pair is created in
the solar cell.
• When external circuit is connected to the
solar cell , electrons flow in the circuit and
the current is generated.

93. Solar car
Solar heater Solar lights

94. •Usually the normal
solar pannell
converts 23% of the
solar energy into
electricity. But now
a German company
has designed such
a solar pannell
which converts 34%
of the solar Energy
into electricity.
• This is a good
step for the future
of solar energy.

95. By adding titanium
and vanadium into
the semiconducting
material of a solar
panel, you can alter
it so that it can use
the infrared
spectrum of light as
well as the visible.
Because of this, such
solar panels have a
theoretical
absorption limit of
63%.

96. • Innovation in the
field of solar power
led to one more
invention i.e., the
Solar balloon.
•The scientists are
planning to send the
solar pannells in the
space to reduce the
space for solar
pannells installments.
•This solar pannell
will convert the same
amount of energy
into electricity but
with the space
advantage.