This presentation depicts, how renewable resources have an adverse effect on the environment. It begin with naming renewable energy resources and detail knowledge on their working. There after, slides explicit the side effects in production of renewable energy. To conclude, either the energy is source is renewable or non-renewable it always have an adverse effect on nature. So we need to develop our renewable energy resources more and more if we want to enjoy a peaceful and satisfactory life in today's energy hungry world.
What is Renewable energy , Why Do We Need Renewable Energy, various sources of renewable energy like Hydroelectric power or hydro-power, Wind energy, Solar Energy, Geothermal Energy, Wave power, Tidal power, Biomass fuel & Hydrogen Energy and details about them
Renewable energy Sources, Efficiency, Uses and latest Research Zohaib HUSSAIN
1. Introduction
In today's world of climbing fuel prices, approaching the peak oil supply limit, and discussions of global warming, renewable energy is gaining more public attention and receiving more financial and legislative support. We need to learn more about the different types of renewable energy so that you can help educate your family, friends, and policymakers about ways to help our country move towards energy independence and environmental sustainability. According to a USAID report, Pakistan has the potential of producing 150,000 megawatts of wind energy, of which only the Sindh corridor can produce 40,000 megawatts.
2. Definition
Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas: electricity generation, hot water/space heating, motor fuels, and rural (off-grid) energy services.
3. Types of Renewable Energy
Most Countries currently relies heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas for its energy. Fossil fuels are non-renewable, that is, they draw on finite resources that will eventually dwindle, becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve. In contrast, renewable energy resources such as wind and solar energy are constantly replenished and will never run out.
Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses.
The sun's heat also drives the winds, whose energy, is captured with wind turbines. Then, the winds and the sun's heat cause water to evaporate. When this water vapor turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured using hydroelectric power. Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. The organic matter that makes up those plants is known as biomass. Biomass can be used to produce electricity, transportation fuels, or chemicals. The use of biomass for any of these purposes is called bioenergy.
Hydrogen also can be found in many organic compounds, as well as water. It's the most abundant element on the Earth. But it doesn't occur naturally as a gas. It's always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Once separated from another element, hydrogen can be burned as a fuel or converted into electricity.
Not all renewable energy resources come from the sun. Geothermal energy taps the Earth's internal heat for a variety of uses, including electric power production, and the heating and cooling of buildings. And the energy of the ocean's tides come from the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun upon the Earth.
In fact, ocean energy comes from a number of sources. In add
THIS REPORT IS BASED ON THE GREEN ENERGY ELECTRIC POWER CONVERTER AND THIS REPORT IS PREPARED ON THE BASE OF FORMAT WHICH IS STANDARD AND THIS REPORT ALSO CONTAINS DIFFERENT ENERGY SOURCES WHICH IS RENEWABLE SOURCES SO THIS USEFUL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS
What is Renewable energy , Why Do We Need Renewable Energy, various sources of renewable energy like Hydroelectric power or hydro-power, Wind energy, Solar Energy, Geothermal Energy, Wave power, Tidal power, Biomass fuel & Hydrogen Energy and details about them
Renewable energy Sources, Efficiency, Uses and latest Research Zohaib HUSSAIN
1. Introduction
In today's world of climbing fuel prices, approaching the peak oil supply limit, and discussions of global warming, renewable energy is gaining more public attention and receiving more financial and legislative support. We need to learn more about the different types of renewable energy so that you can help educate your family, friends, and policymakers about ways to help our country move towards energy independence and environmental sustainability. According to a USAID report, Pakistan has the potential of producing 150,000 megawatts of wind energy, of which only the Sindh corridor can produce 40,000 megawatts.
2. Definition
Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas: electricity generation, hot water/space heating, motor fuels, and rural (off-grid) energy services.
3. Types of Renewable Energy
Most Countries currently relies heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas for its energy. Fossil fuels are non-renewable, that is, they draw on finite resources that will eventually dwindle, becoming too expensive or too environmentally damaging to retrieve. In contrast, renewable energy resources such as wind and solar energy are constantly replenished and will never run out.
Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun. Sunlight, or solar energy, can be used directly for heating and lighting homes and other buildings, for generating electricity, and for hot water heating, solar cooling, and a variety of commercial and industrial uses.
The sun's heat also drives the winds, whose energy, is captured with wind turbines. Then, the winds and the sun's heat cause water to evaporate. When this water vapor turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured using hydroelectric power. Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. The organic matter that makes up those plants is known as biomass. Biomass can be used to produce electricity, transportation fuels, or chemicals. The use of biomass for any of these purposes is called bioenergy.
Hydrogen also can be found in many organic compounds, as well as water. It's the most abundant element on the Earth. But it doesn't occur naturally as a gas. It's always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Once separated from another element, hydrogen can be burned as a fuel or converted into electricity.
Not all renewable energy resources come from the sun. Geothermal energy taps the Earth's internal heat for a variety of uses, including electric power production, and the heating and cooling of buildings. And the energy of the ocean's tides come from the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun upon the Earth.
In fact, ocean energy comes from a number of sources. In add
THIS REPORT IS BASED ON THE GREEN ENERGY ELECTRIC POWER CONVERTER AND THIS REPORT IS PREPARED ON THE BASE OF FORMAT WHICH IS STANDARD AND THIS REPORT ALSO CONTAINS DIFFERENT ENERGY SOURCES WHICH IS RENEWABLE SOURCES SO THIS USEFUL FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Renewable energy, that's what we now have to think about!! In this era where the conventional sources are getting exhausted, prices soaring up, alternate must be brought in our daily life.
The Future of Alternate Energy in India: The World War-III Begins Manu Srinath
Mankind has already seen two World Wars. The Nations which emerged victorious in the last one are today the so-called Developed Nations and others are forced to have a 'subordinate' tag and they are called the Third World.
But now it's time for the next one and this is not a Tennis tournment to have seedings to save the Mighty Neck of the First World. No head-starts.
No Offence to Late PM Rajiv Gandhi of India when he said " Information Technology will be the base for the Third Word War". But we, a group of NLUO-ites believe that the fight is for the dominance in Alternate Energy and those who lag behind, will be behind others forever.
The Real Bloodshed is yet to begin.... and Ideas and War Strategies??!!.... dnt worry... we are there!
- A National Law University Orissa Presentation
Renewable energy, that's what we now have to think about!! In this era where the conventional sources are getting exhausted, prices soaring up, alternate must be brought in our daily life.
The Future of Alternate Energy in India: The World War-III Begins Manu Srinath
Mankind has already seen two World Wars. The Nations which emerged victorious in the last one are today the so-called Developed Nations and others are forced to have a 'subordinate' tag and they are called the Third World.
But now it's time for the next one and this is not a Tennis tournment to have seedings to save the Mighty Neck of the First World. No head-starts.
No Offence to Late PM Rajiv Gandhi of India when he said " Information Technology will be the base for the Third Word War". But we, a group of NLUO-ites believe that the fight is for the dominance in Alternate Energy and those who lag behind, will be behind others forever.
The Real Bloodshed is yet to begin.... and Ideas and War Strategies??!!.... dnt worry... we are there!
- A National Law University Orissa Presentation
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
2. Energy
Renewable Energy
• Re-New-Able
Capable of being renewed.
• These are inexhaustible.
• They are generated almost
everyday.
• Sources: Wind, solar, hydro,
biomass, geothermal.
Non-Renewable Energy
• Non-Re-New-Able
Not able to be Renewed
• These are exhaustible.
• They took large time in order
to generate.
• Sources:Fossilfuels,coal,nucl
ear,natural gas.
4. Wind Energy
Humans have been using wind power
to sailboats about 5,500years ago.
And used windmills for irrigation
pumping, grinding grains since the 7th
century AD in India, Iran and Pakistan.
5. In late 1,800’s and early 1,900’s,
small wind-electric generators
known as wind turbines were also
widely used.
Wind turbine use blades to collect
the winds kinetic energy and wind
flows over the blades creating lift,
which causes the blades to turn.
The blades are connected to a
drive shaft that turns an electric
generator , which produces
electricity.
When power lines were built the
electricity was transmitted to rural
areas.
6. Solar Energy
The sun has produced energy for billion of
years and people used the solar radiation for
thousand's of years for warmth and to dry
clothes, meat, fruits and grains.
In 1839 Alexander Edmond Becquerel claimed
that “shining light on an electrode submerged in
a conductive solution would create a electric
current” and named it as “photovoltaic effect”.
Alexander Edmond Becquerel
7. Photovoltaic is a technology that uses
semiconductor material to convert sunlight
directly into electricity.
In 1941, Russell ohl invented the solar
cell, shortly after the invention of
transistor.
When sunlight falls on a semiconductors
having two layers, a potential difference is
developed between two layers.
A potential difference is created between
two layers which cause electrons to flow
i.e. electric current.
On connecting p-type and n-type layers to
an external circuit, electrons flow from p-
layer to n-layer which results in generation
of current.
Russell ohl
Solar cell
8. Hydro power
In ancient times, hydropower from many
kinds of watermills has been used as a
renewable energy source for grinding
grains by ancient Greeks.
A water mill works by
diverting water from a river or
pond to a water wheel, usually
along a channel or pipe into
farms.
9. In the late 19th century, hydropower
became a source for generating
electricity.
Hydropower is power derived from the
energy of fast-running water, which may
be harnessed for useful purposes.
A hydroelectric dam is one of the major
components of a hydroelectric facility. A
dam is a large, man-made structure
built to contain some body of water.
The purpose of a hydroelectric dam is
to provide a place to convert
the potential and kinetic energy of
water to electrical energy by using
a turbine and generator.
10. Geothermal energy
History says that the first use of
geothermal energy occurred more
than 10,000 years ago in North
America by American Paleo-Indians.
People used water from hot springs
for cooking.
The first industrial use of began near
Pisa, Italy in late 18th century.
11. Geothermal energy is the heat energy
that emitted deep within the earth in the
form of hot water or stream.
The temperature increases inside the
earth with depth is about 300 degree
Celsius at depth of 10 km.
Geothermal power plants are used for
generation of electricity from
geothermal energy.
The steam rotates the turbine that
activates a generator, which produces
electricity.
12. Biomass energy
This type of energy has been used since the
cave-men discovered fire.
In 1970s, scientists became interested in the
possibility of replacing fossil fuels with
biomass.
The invention of the steam engine allowed
mankind to obtain mechanic energy from the
combustion of wood, whereas up to the 18th
century wind and water where the only
mechanic energy sources available, thanks to
wind and water mills.
13. Biomass energy covers energy that obtained from wide variety of organic
matter of plants or animal origin.
The bioenergy is a renewable source of energy such as wood and wood
residues, agricultural and forest residues, animal fats and human waste, all of
these can be yield useful fuels either directly or after some form of conversion.
14. Impact of Energy on Environment
•Wind energy
Wind farms can have significant
impacts on the landscape, as typically
they need to be spread over more land
than other power stations and need to
be built in wild and rural areas.
Furthermore,
spinning turbine blades can pose a
threat to flying wildlife like birds and
bats.
15. • Solar energy
To produce solar-grade silicon, semi-conductors processing typically
involves hazardous chemicals. Depending on the solar panel
manufacturer, these chemicals may or may not be disposed properly.
When installing of solar power panels, they often need to clear vast
swathes of land.
16. • Hydro energy
It mainly effects migratory paths and damage to wildlife habits.
Emission of greenhouse gases takes place from reservoirs.
Large scale wildlife habitat destruction due to river valley flooding.
17. • Geothermal energy
Extracting geothermal fluids releases gases that are harmful to both
the environment and our health.
Although geothermal power plants are fairly quiet, they still emit
noise from cooling systems and other components.
Geothermal power stations are often much smaller than fossil fuel
alternatives, they still take up space. This does depend on the type and
size of the plant but will often leave a mark on the environment.
18. • Biomass energy
When we burn biomass for
heat or electricity, it releases
carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere.
When the plants that are the
source of biomass are grown,
nearly equivalent amount of co2
is captured through
photosynthesis, it impacts to air,
water and soil.
19. Applications of Renewable Energy
• Off grid
Its major applications is to generate electricity
in small amounts.
This is mostly used in remote area
• On grid
Its major application is to generate electricity in
bulk amount.
It deals with power station which are directly
connected to wind forms and solar panels.
• Geothermal energy
Most commonly used by farmers.
They can use this energy to heat their greenhouses which enable them to grow
various fruits and vegetables and in some countries the heat produced from this
energy is also utilized to heat pedestrian walkway's etc., in order to prevent them
from freezing
20. Advantages of Renewable energy
1. It can be used to recycle our
waste products.
2. It can provide nations with
energy independence.
3. It can be collected in multiple
locations simultaneously.
4. It is relatively easy to maintain
renewable energy collectors.
5. It can be profitable.
6. It is offered in multiple
formats.
Disadvantages of Renewables energy
1. It is not as cost-effective as other
energy options.
2. It still generates pollution.
3. It may not be a permanent energy
resource.
4. It is an energy resource that is
difficult to access for many
people.
5. It has expensive storage costs.
6. It has large capital costs.
21. The Future of Energy
oAs the non-renewable energies are degrading day-by-day, the future world
should run on renewable energy.
oWe can also expect a solar based cars, buses, boats, and the percentage of
houses based on solar power also increased.
oHydro power can be used to generate electric power without dams.
oThe sustainable nature of wind, geothermal, and biomass highly encourage
the energy supply companies to utilize them.
oAll the energy sources can produce energy in sustainable way with no
pollution.
oMost part of the fuel source in future depends upon solar power as the energy
from sun lasts for ever.
22. conclusion
oRenewable energy sources act as substitutes for fossil fuels and reduce
emissions.
oChanges in our use of energy in a more efficient way as individuals,
countries and the world as a whole.
oEither the energy source is renewable or non-renewable it always have an
adverse effect on nature.
oSo we need to develop our renewable energy resources more and more if
we want to enjoy a peaceful and satisfactory life in today`s energy hungry
world.