Religion plays a significant role in society by binding people together through sacred beliefs and practices from birth to death. It is defined as a system of beliefs, emotions, and conduct related to sacred things that is socially shared. Major religions like Christianity and Islam are organized with structures to conduct meetings and train specialists. Religions are universal across cultures and have psychological, sociological, and mixed explanations. In the Philippines, the dominant religions are Catholicism, Islam, and various Christian denominations, sects, and independent religious movements that show cultural syncretism. Women have taken on greater religious leadership roles.

1. Religion and
Society
Penn Tulabing. Larena,CPS,MPA

2. Learning Outcomes
• Discuss the significant role of religion in society
• Distinguish religion from other social institutions
• Define and explain the meaning of religion
• Explain the various religious groups
• Connect contemporary religious movements with
globalization

3. Nature of Religion
• Religion is one of the society’s
important social institutions. It.
Plays a very significant role in
the lives of people from birth to
end of our natural life.

4. Etymologically
• Religion comes from the Latin word “Religare” which
means to bind together, the bond between God and Man

5. • According to John Cuber
“Religion is a culturally
entrenched pattern of behavior
composed of sacred beliefs,
emotional feelings
accompanying the belief and
overt conduct implementing the
beliefs and feelings.This concept
embodies the following :
• 1.sacred beliefs
• 2. emotional feelings
accompanying the beliefs
• 3. overt conduct implementing
the beliefs and feelings

6. Emile Durkheim in his classic
study “The Elementary Forms of
Religious life”
• Defined religion as a unified system
of beliefs and practices related to
sacred things.

7. The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, tà biblía, "the
books") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures. Varying parts
of the Bible are considered to be a product of divine
inspiration and a record of the relationship
between God and humans by Christians, Jews, Samaritans,
and Rastafarians.

8. The Quran, also Romanised Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious
text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God. It
is widely regarded as the finest work in classical Arabic literature.
The Quran is divided into chapters, which are subdivided into
verses.

9. Elements of Religion
• Ritual and Prayer
These refer to the
formalized social rituals
possessed by all
religions. However
many religions also
feature private prayers.

10. Elements of Religion
• Emotion
• One of the functions
of ritual and prayer is
to produce an
appropriate emotional
state.

11. Elements of Religion
• Belief
Basic to every religion
and beliefs concerning
the nature of the
Universe and man in
relation to it.

12. Elements of Religion
• Organization
Almost all religions
adopt an organized
structure through which
specialists can be
recruited and
trained,religious
meetings conducted and
interaction .

13. Universality of Religion
• Religious beliefs are
evident in all known
contemporary
cultures.

14. Universality of Religion
• Many anthropologists,Sociologists and Psychologicats
have offered theories to account for the universality of
religion.Most of these theories seem to fall into three
groups
• 1. the Psychological
• 2. the Sociological
• 3. the mixture of the two

15. Church
• The church is a religious organization that claims to
possess the truth about salvation exclusively. A classic
example is the church

16. Types of Religious
Organization
• Religion is necessarily social .Belief
and rituals are usually shared by
people belonging to a definite
religious community.While an
individual may opt not to belong to or
affiliate with an established religion or
religious tradition,that person is still
religious and belongs.

17. Types of Religious
Organization
• The EL Shaddai, a Philippines- based Catholic Charistic
religious group ,was founded by Mariano “Mike”
Zunienga Velarde.El Shaddai has grown rapidly in the
last decade and as of 2005, had a reported 8 million
members worldwide.

18. EL Shaddai
ChurchBro. Mike Velarde

19. Knights of Columbus

20. Knights of Columbus
• The Knights of Columbus (K of C) has been in existence in the
Philippines for over a century, having been established by a
group of Americans as the Knights of Columbus Council 1000
in Intramuros, Manila, on April 23, 1905. In 1907, the first
Filipinos were admitted into the Council. The Order of the
Knights of Columbus was founded in 1882 by Fr. Michael J.
McGivney at Saint Mary’s Church in New Haven, Connecticut,
with mostly Irish industrial workers as its members. Since its
inception, Manila Council 1000 has been at the service of the
Archbishop of Manila. As of 2017, it has 394,012 Knights in
the Philippines. The K of C has been described by Pope John
Paul II as “the strong right arm of the Catholic Church.”

21. The Catholic Women’s League (CWL), the
largest Catholic women’s organization
• The CWL was formed in 1919 by Michael O’ Doherty
with a group of prominent Catholic civic women, among
them, Annie Macleod Kingcome, Maria Villamor, Aurora
Aragon Quezon, and Margarita Ansaldo, who saw the
need for an organization to take care of the spiritual and
moral, at times temporal, concerns of young women,
students, and young professionals.
• the women’s group said all 84 CWL dioceses and around
250,000 women across the country

22. The Catholic Women’s
League (CWL),

23. Sect.
• Iglesia Ni Cristo (Church Of Christ)is an independent
nontrinitarian Christian religious organization that
originated in the Philippines. It was registered in 1914 by
Felix Y. Manalo,who became its first Executive
Minister. In 2015, the Philippine census by the Philippine
Statistics Authority found that 2.64% of the population in
the Philippines are affiliated with the Iglesia Ni Cristo,
making it the religion with the third largest number of
adherents, with Islam at 6.01% and Roman Catholicism at
79.53%

24. Felix Manalo

25. Denomination
• The National Council of Churches in the Philippines
NCCP; is a fellowship of ten mainline Protestant and non
Roman Catholic Churches in the Philippines
denominations, and ten service-oriented organizations in
the Philippines. A member of the World Council of
Churches and the Christian Conference of Asia, the
NCCP represents close to twelve million Protestant
adherents. Advocacy for environmental protection and
against large-scale mining are part of its core
mission.Christian organizations other than churches may
be received as associate members.

26. The United Church of
Christ in the Philippines
• A Christian denomination in the Philippines. Established
in its present form in Malate, Manila, it resulted from the
merger of the Evangelical Church of the Philippines, the
Philippine Methodist Church, the Disciples of Christ,
the United Evangelical Church and several independent
congregations.
• The United Church is a mainline Protestant group in the
Philippines with around 1,500,000 members and 1,593
pastors in 2,564 congregations as of 2008. Its main office
is located at 877 EDSA, West Triangle, Quezon
City. Metro Manila

27. UCCP Churches
Ellinwood Malate
Church
Silliman University
Church

28. The Philippine
Independent Church
• The Philippine Independent Church (Spanish: Iglesia
Filipina Independiente; Tagalog: Malayang Simbahan ng
Pilipinas; Latin: Libera Ecclesia Philippina; colloquially
called the Aglipayan Church, IFI and PIC) is an
independent Christian denomination in the form of a
national church in the Philippines. Its schism from the
Roman Catholic Church was proclaimed in 1902 by the
members of the Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina, due
to the mistreatment of the Filipinos by Spanish priests
and the execution of José Rizal during Spanish colonial
rule.

29. The Philippine
Independent Church
Isabelo de los Reyes y
Florentino Gregorio Aglipay

30. Cult
• Sun Myung Moon was a Korean religious leader, also
known for his business ventures and support for political
causes. A messiah claimant, he was the founder of
the Unification movement (members of which considered
him and his wife Hak Ja Han to be their "True
Parents"), and of its widely noted "Blessing" or mass
wedding ceremony, and the author of its unique theology
the Divine Principle

31. Sun Myung Moon

32. Rizalista religious
movements
• New religious movement and a form of Folk
Catholicism adopted by a number of ethnic religious groups in
the Philippines that believe in the divinity of Jose Rizal, the
Philippines' de factonational hero. Many of these sects or
religious movements believe that Rizal is still living and that
he will deliver his followers from oppression and poverty.
Rizalist groups have differing views on the divinity of Jose
Rizal. Some believe that he is God himself, some believe that
Rizal was the second son of God, the reincarnation of Christ.
Some of these groups also identify Rizal as the god of the pre-
Spanish Malay religion

33. Rizalista religious
movements

34. Techniques of Religion
• Prayer
• Sacrifice
• Reverence
• DIVINATION
• Taboo
• Rituals
• Ceremony
• Magic

35. Syncrestism
• The growth of popular
religion or folk religion

36. Religious Syncrestism
• Our Lady of Peace and
Good Voyage also known
as the Virgin of
Antipolo and the Our Lady
of Antipolo

37. Religious Syncrestism
• The Black Nazarene is a
life-sized image of a
dark-skinned, kneeling
Jesus Christ carrying the
Cross enshrined in the
Minor Basilica of the
Black Nazarene in the
Quiapo district of the
City of Manila

38. Religious Syncrestism
• The oldest Christian
artefact in the
Philippines,originally a gift
from explorer Ferdinand
Magellan to Rajah
Humabon and his chief
consort on account of their
baptism in 1521

39. Cultural Festival
• cultural festivals are part
of special activities and
are defined as "events
which aim to use the
results of everyday
learning to heighten
motivation".

40. ILAGA
• Ilaga is a local christian
extremist militia
composed of Visayas
groups that combined
local magical tradition
with Catholic beliefs
• Norberto Manero Jr.
• Killer Priest

41. Religion and Women
• The study of women and
religion typically examines the
role of women within particular
religious faiths, and religious
doctrines relating to gender,
gender roles, and particular
women in religious history. Most
religions elevate the status of
men over women, have stricter
sanctions against women, and
require them to be submissive

42. Bishop Katherine Jefferts
Schari
• Katharine Jefferts Schori (born
March 26, 1954) is the former
Presiding Bishop and Primate of
the Episcopal Church of the
United States. Previously elected
as the 9th Bishop of the Episcopal
Diocese of Nevada, she was the
first woman elected as a primate in
the Anglican Communion

43. Rania Al-Abdullah
• the queen consort of
Jordan. Born in Kuwait to a
Palestinian family, she later
moved to Jordan for work,
where she met the then
prince Abdullah. Since
marrying the now King of
Jordan in 1993, she has
become known for her
advocacy work related to
education, health,
community empowerment,
youth, cross-cultural
dialogue and micro-finance.

44. María Corazón "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco
Aquino
• Filipino politician who
served as the 11th President of
the Philippines, becoming the
first woman to hold that
office. Corazon Aquino was
the most prominent figure of
the 1986 People Power
Revolution, which ended the
21-year rule of President
Ferdinand Marcos. She was
named Time magazine's
Woman of the Year in 1986.
Prior to this, she had not held
any elective office.

45. Inter Faith Prayer