Christian Ethics 30. World Religions. Judaism. Acknowledgements to Kim Cody, Gayle Brodie, Julia Thomson

1. JudaismJudaism
HistoryHistory
JudaismJudaism is ais a monotheisticmonotheistic
religion meaning it has a beliefreligion meaning it has a belief
inin oneone God.God.
Judaism has itsJudaism has its rootsroots in thein the
Promised Land which is alsoPromised Land which is also
known as modern dayknown as modern day IsraelIsrael

2. Genesis 12:1-3, 6-7Genesis 12:1-3, 6-7
Covenant-Covenant- an agreementan agreement
between 2 or more personsbetween 2 or more persons
The Covenant exists betweenThe Covenant exists between
AbrahamAbraham andand GodGod because Godbecause God
promised to make Abrahampromised to make Abraham’s’s
descendants a great nation anddescendants a great nation and
he would be blessed withhe would be blessed with
descendants and landdescendants and land

3. Wisdom: Sacred WritingsWisdom: Sacred Writings
TheThe Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible is also known as theis also known as the
TanakTanak
It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections

The Torah –The Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai
““the Law”the Law”
““Pentateuch” –first 5 books of the BiblePentateuch” –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

4. WisdomWisdom
TheThe Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible is also known as theis also known as the
TanakTanak
It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections

The TorahThe Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai– revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai
““the Law”the Law”
““Pentateuch” –first 5 books of the BiblePentateuch” –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

ExodusExodus

5. WisdomWisdom
TheThe Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible is also known as theis also known as the
TanakTanak
It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections

The Torah –The Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai
““the Law”the Law”
““Pentateuch” –first 5 books of the BiblePentateuch” –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

ExodusExodus

LeviticusLeviticus

6. WisdomWisdom
TheThe Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible is also known as theis also known as the
TanakTanak
It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections

The Torah –The Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai
““the Law”the Law”
““Pentateuch” –first 5 books of the BiblePentateuch” –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

ExodusExodus

LeviticusLeviticus

NumbersNumbers

7. WisdomWisdom
TheThe Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible is also known as theis also known as the
TanakTanak
It is divided into 3 sectionsIt is divided into 3 sections

The Torah –The Torah – revealed to Moses on Mt. Sinairevealed to Moses on Mt. Sinai
““the Law”the Law”
““Pentateuch” –first 5 books of the BiblePentateuch” –first 5 books of the Bible

GenesisGenesis

ExodusExodus

LeviticusLeviticus

NumbersNumbers

DeuteronomyDeuteronomy

8. WisdomWisdom

The Prophets-The Prophets- trace thetrace the
history of the Torahhistory of the Torah

The Writings -The Writings - “wisdom“wisdom
books” which include thebooks” which include the
Psalms, Proverbs, Song ofPsalms, Proverbs, Song of
Songs, etc.Songs, etc.

9. Wisdom:Wisdom:
Oral TraditionsOral Traditions
1.1. Mishnah meansMishnah means ””to repeat, to studyto repeat, to study””
• the part of the Law that wasthe part of the Law that was
passed downpassed down orallyorally, then put into, then put into
writingwriting
• was written down inwas written down in 200 C. E.200 C. E.
• deals with issues as how to observedeals with issues as how to observe
Sabbath, festivals, marriage,Sabbath, festivals, marriage,
divorce, buying, selling, eatingdivorce, buying, selling, eating

10. Wisdom:Wisdom:
Oral TraditionsOral Traditions
2. The teachings of the Rabbis –2. The teachings of the Rabbis – TalmudTalmud
Rabbi means “Rabbi means “teacherteacher””
Contains theContains the teachingsteachings of theof the
Jewish rabbis for the first fewJewish rabbis for the first few
centuriescenturies
purpose to educate how to livepurpose to educate how to live
out theout the TorahTorah inin daily lifedaily life..

11. WorshipWorship
Worship atWorship at HomeHome
1.1. Worship begins in the home becauseWorship begins in the home because
homehome andand familyfamily are seen as veryare seen as very
importantimportant parts of life.parts of life.
2.2. IsIs importantimportant to make sure that anto make sure that an
intentionintention behind abehind a prayerprayer isis goodgood
3.3. Prayer will deepen theirPrayer will deepen their relationshiprelationship
withwith GodGod
4.4. Thank God for theThank God for the blessingsblessings receivedreceived

12. Worship:Worship:
PrayerPrayer
1.1. Most Jews use a prayer book called aMost Jews use a prayer book called a SiddurSiddur
which is used at home or atwhich is used at home or at synagoguesynagogue
2.2. TheThe Shema IsraelShema Israel Is the prayer that mostIs the prayer that most
prayers begin with.prayers begin with.
““Hear O Israel: The Lord is our God,Hear O Israel: The Lord is our God,
the Lord alone. You shall love thethe Lord alone. You shall love the
Lord, your God, with all your, heart,Lord, your God, with all your, heart,
and with all your soul and with alland with all your soul and with all
your might.”your might.” Deuteronomy 6:4-6:5Deuteronomy 6:4-6:5

13. Worship:Worship:
PrayerPrayer
3. The Shema is written down on3. The Shema is written down on scrollsscrolls
and then placed in boxes calledand then placed in boxes called
Mezuzah.Mezuzah. TheseThese are placed in theare placed in the
doorwaysdoorways of houses or buildings.of houses or buildings.
4.4. TefillinTefillin are small leather boxes thatare small leather boxes that
contain the Shema prayer. They arecontain the Shema prayer. They are
worn on the head and arms duringworn on the head and arms during
prayer services. .prayer services. .

14. WorshipWorship
The SynagogueThe Synagogue
1.1. Synagogue meansSynagogue means “a place of meeting or assembly”“a place of meeting or assembly”
and this is where Jews meet to worshipand this is where Jews meet to worship
2.2. Most of the time Jews pray standing up, but theyMost of the time Jews pray standing up, but they
may bow as they refer to God the Kingmay bow as they refer to God the King
3.3. On certain holy days, the Jews may kneel as a sign ofOn certain holy days, the Jews may kneel as a sign of
humilityhumility before Godbefore God
4.4. Some synagogues are referred to asSome synagogues are referred to as templestemples inin
memory of the temple in Jerusalemmemory of the temple in Jerusalem

15. Worship: WhatWorship: What’s’s inside ainside a
SynagogueSynagogue
1.1. The Ark –The Ark – a large cupboard thata large cupboard that
stores the scrolls of the Torahstores the scrolls of the Torah
and other holy writings.and other holy writings.

16. Worship: WhatWorship: What’s’s inside ainside a
SynagogueSynagogue
2. The Eternal Light –2. The Eternal Light – it burns as ait burns as a
sign of God’s eternal covenant withsign of God’s eternal covenant with
the Israelitesthe Israelites
3. The Ten Commandments –3. The Ten Commandments – AboveAbove
the ark are two tablets symbolizingthe ark are two tablets symbolizing
the Ten Commandments . Theythe Ten Commandments . They
remind the congregation of the Tenremind the congregation of the Ten
Commandments given to MosesCommandments given to Moses

17. WhatWhat’s’s inside a Synagogueinside a Synagogue
4. Reading Desk -4. Reading Desk - In the centre of theIn the centre of the
synagogue is a reading desk from whichsynagogue is a reading desk from which
the scrolls are readthe scrolls are read
5. Rabbi-5. Rabbi- the teacher or master who isthe teacher or master who is
the leader of the Jewish community,the leader of the Jewish community,
leads prayers or gives talks, conductsleads prayers or gives talks, conducts
services such as weddings, barservices such as weddings, bar
mitzvahs, or burials.mitzvahs, or burials.
Review: Rabbi – meansReview: Rabbi – means “teacher” or“teacher” or
“master“master””

18. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments

19. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments
2.2. Keep holy theKeep holy the SabbathSabbath

20. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments
2.2. Keep holy theKeep holy the SabbathSabbath
3.3. ObserveObserve Dietary LawsDietary Laws

21. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments
2.2. Keep holy theKeep holy the SabbathSabbath
3.3. ObserveObserve Dietary LawsDietary Laws
4.4. Educate themselves on theEducate themselves on the scripturesscriptures

22. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments
2.2. Keep holy theKeep holy the SabbathSabbath
3.3. ObserveObserve Dietary LawsDietary Laws
4.4. Educate themselves on theEducate themselves on the scripturesscriptures
5.5. Care forCare for everyone in the communityeveryone in the community

23. WorksWorks
1.1. Follow theFollow the Ten CommandmentsTen Commandments
2.2. Keep holy theKeep holy the SabbathSabbath
3.3. ObserveObserve Dietary LawsDietary Laws
4.4. Educate themselves on theEducate themselves on the scripturesscriptures
5.5. Care forCare for everyone in the communityeveryone in the community
6.6. Follow theFollow the 613 religious laws613 religious laws
calledcalled MitzvotMitzvot

24. SabbathSabbath
1.1. The Sabbath is aThe Sabbath is a Holy dayHoly day of restof rest
2.2. It begins onIt begins on FridayFriday beforebefore sundownsundown
and lasts untiland lasts until SaturdaySaturday at sundownat sundown
3.3. Jews are forbidden to engage inJews are forbidden to engage in
any activity that falls under the 39any activity that falls under the 39
categories ofcategories of ““workwork””
The activities banned on the Sabbath are notThe activities banned on the Sabbath are not “work” in“work” in
the usual sensethe usual sense

25. Dietary LawsDietary Laws
Kosher means:Kosher means: good,good, pure, clean & proper.pure, clean & proper.
It is therefore food that isIt is therefore food that is
fit (kashrut) for Jewish peoplefit (kashrut) for Jewish people
to eatto eat
For those who keep kosher, observance ofFor those who keep kosher, observance of
the dietary laws is an opportunity for:the dietary laws is an opportunity for:
a.a.Obedience to GodObedience to God
b.b.Preserving Jewish unity andPreserving Jewish unity and
identityidentity

26. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep, goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes

27. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes
Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture

28. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes
Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture
Salmon, tuna, carp, herring, cod Crab, lobster, octopus, clam, swordfish,
sturgeon

29. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes
Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture
Salmon, tuna, carp, herring, cod Crab, lobster, octopus, clam, swordfish,
sturgeon
Meat eaten separately from dairy Meat with dairy (e.g., cheeseburger,
burger & shake, chicken cordon bleu)

30. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes
Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture
Salmon, tuna, carp, herring, cod Crab, lobster, octopus, clam, swordfish,
sturgeon
Meat eaten separately from dairy Meat with dairy (e.g., cheeseburger,
burger & shake, chicken cordon bleu)
Wine or grape juice made under Jewish
supervision
Any other wine and grape juice

31. The Laws of KashrutThe Laws of Kashrut
Kosher (permitted) Trayf (forbidden)
Ritually slaughter beef, sheep goats
and deer with no flaws or diseases
Pork, camel, rabbit, rodents, reptiles,
and any animal that died of natural
causes
Chicken, turkey, quail, geese Eagle, hawk, vulture
Salmon, tuna, carp, herring, cod Crab, lobster, octopus, clam, swordfish,
sturgeon
Meat eaten separately from dairy Meat with dairy (e.g., cheeseburger,
burger & shake, chicken cordon bleu)
Wine or grape juice made under Jewish
supervision
Any other wine and grape juice
Soft cheese and kosher hard cheese Most hard cheese

32. Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy Days
Passover (Pesach)Passover (Pesach)
PassoverPassover is a festival commemorating Godis a festival commemorating God
sparing the Jews when He killed the firstsparing the Jews when He killed the first
born of Egyptborn of Egypt
No leaven food is eaten during the week ofNo leaven food is eaten during the week of
Pesach in commemoration of the Jews leavingPesach in commemoration of the Jews leaving
so fast that their bread did not have time toso fast that their bread did not have time to
riserise

33. Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy Days
Passover (Pesach)Passover (Pesach)
It is in remembrance of when the angelIt is in remembrance of when the angel
of death passed over the Hebrewof death passed over the Hebrew
homes the night before they fled fromhomes the night before they fled from
EgyptEgypt..

34. Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy Days
Hanukkah (Festival ofHanukkah (Festival of LightsLights))
Commemorates the MaccabeeCommemorates the Maccabee miraclemiracle
of the day supply ofof the day supply of oiloil that lastedthat lasted 88
daysdays
Jews light candles for eight days onJews light candles for eight days on
aa menorah.menorah.

35. Festivals or Holy DaysFestivals or Holy Days
Yom Kippur - (Day of Atonement)Yom Kippur - (Day of Atonement)
…… is theis the HoliestHoliest day of the yearday of the year
There is a 25 hourThere is a 25 hour fastfast fromfrom sunsetsunset toto
nightfallnightfall
They practice public and privateThey practice public and private
confessionconfession after which one isafter which one is
considered to be absolvedconsidered to be absolved
by Godby God