Regional organizations

1. REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

3. Membership
 8 members
 Afghanistan
 Bangladesh
 Bhutan
 Maldives
 Nepal
 India
 Pakistan
 Sri lanka

4.  Established on 8 Dec 1985.
 17 summits have been held till now.
 Pakistan hosted twice (1988-2004 )
 Current secretary general is Mr. Ahmed
Saleem from Bangladesh.
 China, Myanmar and Russia wants to become
members
 9 observer states

5. Objectives Of SAARC
 to promote the welfare of the people of South
Asia and to improve their quality of life;
 to accelerate economic growth, social
progress and cultural development in the
region
 to promote and strengthen selective self-
reliance among the countries of South Asia;
 to contribute to mutual trust, understanding
and appreciation of one another's problem

6.  to cooperate with international and regional
organisations with similar aims and purposes.
 to maintain peace in the regionto strengthen
cooperation with other developing countries;
 to strengthen cooperation among themselves
in international forums on matters of common
interest

7. Principles
 The principles are as follows
 Respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, political
equality and independence of all members states
 Non-interference in the internal matters is one of its
objectives
 Cooperation for mutual benefit
 All decisions to be taken unanimously and need a
quorum of all eight members
 All bilateral issues to be kept aside and only
multilateral(involving many countries) issues to be
discussed without being prejudiced by bilateral issues

8. Secretariat
 The SAARC Secretariat was established in
Kathmandu on 16 January 1987
 The SAARC Secretariat and Member States
observe 8 December as the SAARC Charter
Day1.
 It is headed by the Secretary General
appointed by the Council of Ministers from
Member Countries in an alphabetical order for
a three-year term.

9. Council Of Ministers
 The Council of Ministers meets twice a year.
 Formulation of the policies of the ASSOCIATION
 Review of the progress of cooperation under the
ASSOCIATION
 Decision on new areas of cooperation
 Establishment of additional mechanism under the
ASSOCIATION as deemed necessary
 Decision on other matters of general interest to
the ASSOCIATION.

10. Regional Centres
 SAARC Agricultural Centre (SAC), Dhaka
 SAARC Meteorological Research Centre
(SMRC), Dhaka
 SAARC Tuberculosis Centre (STC),
Kathmandu
 SAARC Documentation Centre (SDC), New
Delhi
 SAARC Human Resources Development
Centre (SHRDC), Islamabad

11.  Political issues unaddressed
 SAARC Youth Award
 SAARC Award
 SAFTA
 Free Visa scheme

12. OIC

13.  The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is
an international organisation consisting of 57
member states. The organisation states that it
is "the collective voice of the Muslim world"
and works to "safeguard and protect the
interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of
promoting international peace and harmony

14.  The OIC has a permanent delegation to
the United Nations, and is the largest
international organisation outside the United
Nations.
 After losing the Six-Day War in 1967 Leaders
of Muslim nations met in Rabat to establish the
OIC on 25 September 1969.

15. AIM
 The OIC aims to preserve Islamic social and
economic values; promote solidarity amongst
member states; increase cooperation in social,
economic, cultural, scientific, and political
areas; uphold international peace and security;
and advance education, particularly in the
fields of science and technology.

16.  OIC has collective population of 1.4 billion
 Russia and Thailand, sit as Observer States
 12 regular sessions and 4 extra ordinary
sessions have been convened uptill now.
 Pakistan hosted twice(1974-1997)
 Ekmeleddin İhsanoğl , a Turkish national is
the current Secretary General.

17.  Islamic summit
The largest meeting, attended by the kings
and the heads of state and government of the
member states, convenes every three years.The
Islamic Summit takes policy decisions and
provide guidance on all issues pertaining to the
realization of the objectives as provided for in
the Charter and consider other issues of concern
to the Member States and the Ummah.

18.  Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers
It meets once a year to examine a progress
report on the implementation of its decisions
taken within the framework of the policy defined
by the Islamic Summit.
 Permanent Secretariat
It is the executive organ of the Organisation,
entrusted with the implementation of the
decisions of the two preceding bodies, and is
located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

19.  Mere talking shop
 Though adopted Cairo Declaration on Human
Rights in Islam in1990 ,but is failed in
protecting gross human rights violation against
muslims.

20. ASEAN

21.  A geo-political and economic organization of
ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which
was formed on 8 August 1967.
 21 regular and 4 informal sessions.
 ASEAN covers a land area of 4.46 million km²,
which is 3% of the total land area of Earth, and
has a population of approximately 600 million
people
 Le Luong Minh (Vietnamese)

22. Single Aviation Market
Free trade zone
Intra-ASEAN travel
ASEAN Media Cooperation ,ASEAN Defense
Industry Collaboration
Education-about 90% literacy rate

23. SCO

25. Members
 It has six member states.
 China
 Russia
 Kazakhstan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Tajikistan and
 Uzbekistan
 13 summits have been convened till now.the
latest in Sep 2013.

26.  The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is
an intergovernmental international organization
founded in Shanghai on15 June 2001 by six
countries.
 Its member states cover an area of over 30 million
km2, or about three fifths of Eurasia, with a
population of 1.455 billion.
 SCO's predecessor, the Shanghai Five
mechanism, originated and grew from the
endeavor by China, Russia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.

27.  On the fifth anniversary of the Shanghai Five
in June 2001, the heads of state of its
members and the President of Uzbekistan met
in Shanghai, the birthplace of the mechanism.
First they signed a joint declaration admitting
Uzbekistan as member of the Shanghai Five
mechanism and then jointly issued the
Declaration on the Establishment of the
Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

28. Purposes of SCO
 strengthening mutual trust and good-neighborliness
and friendship among member states,
 developing their effective cooperation in political
affairs, the economy and trade, science and
technology, culture, education, energy, transportation,
environmental protection and other fields,
 working together to maintain regional peace, security
and stability,
 promoting the creation of a new international political
and economic order featuring democracy, justice and
rationality.

29. Principles of SCO
 adherence to the purposes and principles of
the Charter of the United Nations,
 respect for each other's independence,
sovereignty and territorial integrity, non-
interference in each other's internal affairs,
mutual non-use or threat of use of force,
 equality among all member states,
 settlement of all questions through
consultations,

30.  non-alignment and no directing against any
other country or organization,
 opening to the outside world and willingness to
carry out all forms of dialogues, exchanges
and cooperation with other countries and
relevant international or regional
organizations.

31. Institutional Set-Up of SCO
 Council of Heads of State
 Council of Heads of Government
 Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs
 Conference of Heads of Agencies
 Council of National Coordinators
 Secretariat (Dmitry Fedorovich Mezentsev)
 Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS)

32. SCO Cooperation in Various
Areas
 SCO cooperation has covered wide-ranging
areas such as security, the economy,
transportation, culture, disaster relief and law
enforcement, with security and economic
cooperation.
 SCO security cooperation focuses on the fight
against terrorism, separatism and extremism.
 Bilateral and multilateral joint anti-terrorism
military exercises among member states.

33.  The SCO was among the first international
organizations to advocate explicitly the fight
against the three evil forces.On15 June 2001,
the day when the SCO was founded, the
Shanghai Convention Against Terrorism,
Separatism and Extremism was signed, clearly
defining terrorism, separatism and extremism
for the first time on the international arena.

34.  The year 2002 saw the establishment of
mechanisms for economic and trade as well
as transportation ministerial meetings
successively as initial attempts to explore
avenues of substantive cooperation in trade,
investment, transportation, energy and other
areas.